Eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff: Difference between revisions

Eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff
Conservation status
	Extinct (1986?)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Phylloscopidae
Genus:	Phylloscopus
Species:	P. canariensis
Subspecies:	†P. c. exsul
Trinomial name
	†Phylloscopus canariensis exsul; (Hartert, 1907)
Synonyms
	Phylloscopus collybita exsul

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The eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff or Lanzarote Island chiffchaff (Phylloscopus canariensis exsul) is an extinct subspecies of the Canary Islands chiffchaff endemic to the island of Lanzarote – and possibly also Fuerteventura – in the Canary Islands, Spain.

The eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff was more chestnut-backed and shorter-winged than the western Canary Islands chiffchaff, Phylloscopus canariensis canariensis. These birds were formerly considered subspecies of the common chiffchaff but separated^[1]^[2] due to their morphological, bioacoustical, and mtDNA sequence differences.^[3]

Apparently this subspecies was already very rare at the moment of its description. A number of specimens were collected at the beginning of the 20th century in the valleys of Haría (Lanzarote). There it could be observed in broom thickets in the high and fresh zones. Since then there are only some doubtful records. The presence of this subspecies in Fuerteventura is merely hypothetical, as no specimen was ever collected there, nor are there reliable records from that island.

The cause of extinction is unknown. Perhaps its final disappearance is related to the destruction and/or transformation of the vegetation in the high zones of the Macizo de Famara.

References

^ Clement, P.; Helbig, A. J. (1998). "Taxonomy and identification of chiffchaffs in the Western Palearctic". Br. Birds. 91: 361–376.
^ Sangster, George; Knox, Alan G.; Helbig, Andreas J.; Parkin, David T. (2002). "Taxonomic recommendations for European birds". Ibis. 144 (1): 153–159. doi:10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x.
^ Helbig, A. J.; Martens, J.; Seibold, I.; Henning, F.; B., Schottler; Wink, M. (1996). "Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence". Ibis. 138 (4): 650–666.

External links

The Extinction Website

[1] Clement, P.; Helbig, A. J. (1998). "Taxonomy and identification of chiffchaffs in the Western Palearctic". Br. Birds. 91: 361–376.

[2] Sangster, George; Knox, Alan G.; Helbig, Andreas J.; Parkin, David T. (2002). "Taxonomic recommendations for European birds". Ibis. 144 (1): 153–159. doi:10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x.

[3] Helbig, A. J.; Martens, J.; Seibold, I.; Henning, F.; B., Schottler; Wink, M. (1996). "Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence". Ibis. 138 (4): 650–666.

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[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Extinct subspecies of bird}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{subspeciesbox
-| color = pink
 | image =
-| image_width = 250px
 | image_caption =
-| name = Eastern Canary Islands Chiffchaff
 | status = EX
 | extinct = 1986?
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| genus = Phylloscopus
+| species = canariensis
-| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
+| species_link = Canary Islands chiffchaff
-| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
+| subspecies = exsul
-| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
+| authority = ([[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]], 1907)
-| familia = [[Phylloscopidae]]
-| genus = ''[[Phylloscopus]]''
-| species = ''[[Canary Islands Chiffchaff|P. canariensis]]''
-| subspecies = '''''P. c. exsul'''''
-| trinomial = ''Phylloscopus canariensis exsul''
-| trinomial_authority = ([[Ernst Hartert|Hartert]], [[1907]])
 | synonyms =
 ''Phylloscopus collybita exsul''
 }}
-The '''Eastern Canary Islands Chiffchaff''' or Lanzarote Island Chiffchaff (''Phylloscopus canariensis exsul'') was a [[subspecies]] of the [[Canary Islands Chiffchaff]] [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to the island of [[Lanzarote]] - and possibly also [[Fuerteventura]] - in the [[Canary Islands]], [[Spain]].
+The '''eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff''' or '''Lanzarote Island chiffchaff''' (''Phylloscopus canariensis exsul'') is an extinct [[subspecies]] of the [[Canary Islands chiffchaff]] [[endemic (ecology)|endemic]] to the island of [[Lanzarote]] – and possibly also [[Fuerteventura]] – in the [[Canary Islands]], [[Spain]].
-The Eastern Canary islands Chiffchaff was more chestnut-backed and shorter-winged than the [[Western Canary Islands Chiffchaff]], ''Phylloscopus canariensis canariensis''. These birds were formerly considered subspecies of the [[Common Chiffchaff]] but separated (Clement & Helbig, 1998; Sangster ''et al.'', 2001) due to their [[morphology (biology)|morphological]], [[bioacoustics|bioacoustical]], and [[mtDNA]] [[DNA sequence|sequence]] differences (Helbig ''et al.'', 1996).
+The eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff was more chestnut-backed and shorter-winged than the [[western Canary Islands chiffchaff]], ''Phylloscopus canariensis canariensis''. These birds were formerly considered subspecies of the [[common chiffchaff]] but separated<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Clement|first1=P.|last2=Helbig|first2=A. J.|year=1998|title=Taxonomy and identification of chiffchaffs in the Western Palearctic|journal=[[British Birds (magazine)|Br. Birds]]|volume=91|pages=361–376}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Sangster|first1=George|last2=Knox|first2=Alan G.|last3=Helbig|first3=Andreas J.|last4=Parkin|first4=David T.|year=2002|title=Taxonomic recommendations for European birds|journal=[[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]] |volume=144 |issue=1 |pages=153–159 |doi=10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x}}</ref> due to their [[morphology (biology)|morphological]], [[bioacoustics|bioacoustical]], and [[mtDNA]] [[DNA sequence|sequence]] differences.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Helbig|first1=A. J.|last2=Martens|first2=J.|last3=Seibold|first3=I.|last4=Henning |first4=F.|first5=Schottler|last5=B.|last6=Wink|first6=M.|year=1996 |title=Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff ''Phylloscopus collybita'' complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence |journal=[[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]] |volume=138 |issue=4 |pages=650–666}}</ref>
 [[Image:Lz10 pano 2.jpg|thumb|left|250px|This photo shows most of the historic range of ''P. c. exsul''; Haría is in the center.<br/>Note terraced slopes; virtually all natural tree and shrub cover has been cleared for agriculture.]]
-Apparently this subspecies was already very rare at the moment of its description. A number of specimens were collected at the beginning of the 20th century in the valleys of [[Haría, Las Palmas|Haría]] ([[Lanzarote]]). There it could be observed in broom thickets in the high and fresh zones. Since then there are only some doubtful records. The presence of this subspecies in [[Fuerteventura]] is merely hypothetical, as no specimen was ever collected there, nor there are reliable records from that island. Apparently, a nest of this subspecies was found in [[1986]]{{Fact|date=February 2007}}, but the biologist that claimed the discovery later confirmed that the subspecies is nowadays certainly extinct.
+Apparently this subspecies was already very rare at the moment of its description. A number of specimens were collected at the beginning of the 20th century in the valleys of [[Haría (municipality)|Haría]] ([[Lanzarote]]). There it could be observed in broom thickets in the high and fresh zones. Since then there are only some doubtful records. The presence of this subspecies in [[Fuerteventura]] is merely hypothetical, as no specimen was ever collected there, nor are there reliable records from that island.
 The cause of extinction is unknown. Perhaps its final disappearance is related to the destruction and/or transformation of the vegetation in the high zones of the Macizo de [[Urbanización Famara|Famara]].
 == See also ==
-* [[Extinct birds]]
+* [[List of extinct birds]]
 * [[List of extinct animals]]
 * [[List of extinct animals of Europe]]
-==References==
+== References ==
+{{reflist}}
-* '''Clement''', P. & '''Helbig''', A. J. (1998): Taxonomy and identification of chiffchaffs in the Western Palearctic. ''[[British Birds|Brit. Birds]]'' '''91''': 361–376.
+== External links ==
-* '''Helbig''', A. J.; Martens, J.; Seibold, I.; Henning, F.; Schottler, B. & Wink, M. (1996): Phylogeny and species limits in the Palearctic Chiffchaff ''Phylloscopus collybita'' complex: mitochondrial genetic differentiation and bioacoustic evidence. ''[[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]]'' '''138'''(4): 650–666.
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111013123736/http://extinct.petermaas.nl/ The Extinction Website]
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q2619141}}
-* '''Sangster''', George; Knox, Alan G.; Helbig, Andreas J. & Parkin, David T. (2002): Taxonomic recommendations for European birds. ''[[Ibis (journal)|Ibis]]'' '''144'''(1): 153–159. {{DOI|10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x}} [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.0019-1019.2001.00026.x PDF fulltext]
-== External links ==
-* [http://extinct.petermaas.nl The Extinction Website]
-[[Category:Extinct birds]]
 [[Category:Phylloscopus]]
+[[Category:Bird extinctions since 1500]]
+[[Category:Birds of the Canary Islands]]
+[[Category:Birds described in 1907]]
+[[Category:Extinct birds of Atlantic islands]]
+[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Canary Islands]]