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{{Short description|Award of the Korean Empire}}
{{Infobox military award|name=Order of the Golden Ruler<br />''대훈위 금척대수장''|image=[[Image:Order of the Gold cheok.jpg|250px|center]]|presenter=the [[Korean Empire]]|type=[[Order (distinction)|Dynastic order]]|eligibility=Civilians and military, Korean and foreign, with rank/status determining which grade one received|awarded_for=Merit|status=Obsolete|established=April 17, 1900 (in Korea)|higher=None|lower=[[Order of the Auspicious Stars]]}}
{{Infobox award
'''Order of the Golden Ruler''' or the '''Order of the Taejo''' was the highest [[Order of chivalry]] in the [[Korean Empire]]. It was established in April 17, 1900 by [[Gojong of Korea]], 4 years after he established the Korean Empire. However, as the Korean Empire declined, this order was given to a lot of people who visited the Korean Empire.<ref>{{Cite web|last=조선일보|date=2021-01-26|title=[박종인의 땅의 역사]망국 대한제국에는 훈장이 발에 걸리도록 많았다|url=https://www.chosun.com/opinion/2021/01/27/3OXP6WFIZVCOLFQZUVZTBCBDAQ/|access-date=2021-12-03|website=조선일보|language=ko}}</ref>
|name=Order of the Golden Ruler<br />''대훈위 금척대수장''
| image = Order of the Gold cheok.jpg
| image_size =
|presenter=the [[Korean Empire]]
|type=[[Order (distinction)|Dynastic order]]
|eligibility=Civilians and military, Korean and foreign, with rank/status determining which grade one received
|awarded_for=Merit
|status=Obsolete
|established=April 17, 1897(in Korea)
|higher=None
|lower=[[Order of the Auspicious Stars]]}}

The '''Order of the Golden Ruler''' or the '''Order of the Taejo''' was the highest [[Order of chivalry]] in the [[Korean Empire]]. It was established on 17 April 1897 by [[Gojong of Korea]], four years after he established the Korean Empire.


== History ==
== History ==
In the summer of 1897, Gojong of Korea began to consider creating orders for his newly-established empire. For inspiration, he had considered a European-style model.<ref name=":-1">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13704017_003|access-date=2021-12-03|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> He formally established the order on 17 April 1897. The highest rank of the order, the Grand Cordon, was first awarded to Gojong of Korea, [[Sunjong of Korea]], and [[Yi Un]]. Gojong named the order for a dream [[Taejo of Joseon]] claimed to have, which inspired him to establish Joseon. Gojong also stated that the award of the order was "happily" intended for those who served Korea.<ref name=":-1" />{{clarify|date=December 2021}}
[[File:Order of the Golden Ruler Korea 1901.jpg|thumb|Medal of the Order of the Golden Ruler.]]

Establishing Europe-like orders was something to do for [[Gojong of Korea]]. Gojong had considered establishing orders from summer of 1899.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_13704017_003|access-date=2021-12-03|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref> He finally decided to establish orders in April 17, 1900. Grand Cordon of the Order of the Golden Ruler was selected to become the highest order. The first recipients was [[Gojong of Korea]], [[Sunjong of Korea]], and [[Yi Un]]. Gojong personaly said that golden ruler illustrates the [[Taejo of Joseon]] having a dream of it before he established Joseon. He also included that by honoring people who worked for Korea in this way, [[Taejo of Joseon]] will be happy too.<ref name=":0" /> The first foreigner to get this order was [[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)|Prince Henry of Prussia]]. He got this for his vist to [[Korean Empire]]. For 10 years, 27 order of the golden ruler was awarded.
The first foreigner to receive the order was [[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)|Prince Henry of Prussia]] on 20 March 1904. He received it during his visit to the Korean Empire, an exchange typically observed for foreign heads of state. Over ten years, 27 foreigners were named to the Order.

Recipients received a pension of 600~1,000 Won annually or a one-time payment of 2,000 Won<ref>{{Cite book|last=이 |first=강칠|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TahxAAAAIAAJ&q=%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80+%ED%9B%88%EC%9E%A5%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84|title=대한제국시대훈장제도|date=1999|publisher=白山出版社|isbn=978-89-7739-259-5|pages=113|language=ko}}</ref> It is regarded that the order was awarded to too many recipients for its intended degree of honor.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-26|title=[박종인의 땅의 역사]망국 대한제국에는 훈장이 발에 걸리도록 많았다|url=https://www.chosun.com/opinion/2021/01/27/3OXP6WFIZVCOLFQZUVZTBCBDAQ/|access-date=2021-12-03|website=[[The Chosun Ilbo]]|language=ko}}</ref>{{clarify|date=December 2021}}

== Form ==
[[File:Order of the Golden Ruler Korea 1901.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Badge and medal of the Order of the Golden Ruler.]]
[[File:Gojong of the Korean Empire 02.jpg|thumb|Gojong wearing the badge of order of the Golden Ruler]]
"The badge is composed of a Badge and a Medal. The material of the suit jacket (章) is gold, and the diameter is 2 chi (寸) and 5 pun (分), which is 7.5 cm. With the blue-and-red Taegeuk wrapped in gold line as the center, the cross-shaped golden cheok and white rays extend from the golden cheok as the axis, and three white oyster flowers are arranged in each ray between the rays. Badge included Daesu, which is wore from right shoulder to left side. Medal is just the same as the badge but its perimeter is 6cm."<ref>{{Cite book|last=이 |first=강칠|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TahxAAAAIAAJ&q=%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80+%ED%9B%88%EC%9E%A5%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84|title=대한제국시대훈장제도|date=1999|publisher=白山出版社|isbn=978-89-7739-259-5|pages=91–92|language=ko}}</ref>

== Recipients ==
== Recipients ==
{{Main article|Recipients of the Order of the Golden Ruler}}
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"

!Name
== See also ==
!Position and Title

!Nationality
* [[Orders, decorations, and medals of the Korean Empire]]
!width="130" | Date
*[[Korean Empire]]
!width="100" | Image
!Source
|-
|[[Gojong of Korea|Gojong]]
|Emperor of Korea
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|
|[[File:Gojong of the Korean Empire 02.jpg|100px]]
|
|-
|[[Sunjong of Korea|Yi Cheock]]
|Crown Prince
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|
|[[File:Emperor Sunjong.jpg|100px]]
|-
|[[Yi Un]]
|Crown Prince
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|
|[[File:Crown Prince of Korea Yi Un.jpg|100px]]
|
|-
|[[Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)|Prince Henry of Prussia]]
|Prince
|{{flag|German Empire}}
|20 March 1904
|[[File:Prince Henry of Prussia.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14103020_003|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Itō Hirobumi]]
|[[Marquess]]
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|24 March 1904
|[[File: ITŌ Hirobumi.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14103024_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|Yi Seung-Eung
|Member of [[House of Yi]]
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|16 September 1904
|{{Centre|—}}
|
|-
|[[Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu]]
|Prince of Japanese Empire
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|23 May 1905
|[[File:Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu 1930s.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14205023_001|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Min Young-hwan]]
|Leutnant General
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|1 December 1905
|[[File:Min Yeong-hwan Portrait.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14212001_004|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|Jo Byeongse
|Special official
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|2 December 1905
|{{Centre|—}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14212002_001|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Yi Kang]]
|Prince
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|9 April 1905
|[[File:Prince Imperial Ui.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14304009_001|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Prince Leopold Clement of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
|Grand Duke
|{{flag|Austria-Hungary}}
|27 February 1906
|[[File:Leopold Clement.JPG|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kza_14402027_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Hasegawa Yoshimichi]]
|General of Infantry<br>Baron
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|27 August 1907
|[[File:Hasegawa Yoshimichi.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10008027_003|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Prince Arisugawa Takehito]]
|Member of [[Imperial House of Japan]]
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|18 October 1907
|[[File:Arisugawa Takahito.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10010018_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Katsura Tarō]]
|General of Infantry<br>Marquess
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|18 October 1907
|[[File:11 KatsuraT.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":0"/>
|-
|[[Tōgō Heihachirō]]
|Admiral<br>Count
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|18 October 1907
|[[File:Tōgō_Heihachirō.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":0"/>
|-
|[[Yamagata Aritomo]]
|General of Infantry<br>Duke
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|29 January 1908
|[[File:Yamagata Aritomo.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10101029_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Saionji Kinmochi]]
|prime minister<br>Marquess
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|29 January 1908
|[[File:Kinmochi Saionji 2.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|[[Prince Tsunehisa Takeda]]
|Member of [[Imperial House of Japan]]
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|11 May 1908
|[[File:Takeda-no-miya Tsunehisa.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10105011_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Prince Nashimoto Morimasa]]
|Member of [[Imperial House of Japan]]
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|21 July 1909
|[[File:Prince Morimasa.png|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10207021_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Prince Imperial Heung]]
|Prince of Korea
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|22 September 1909
|[[File:Heungchin 02.jpg|100px]]
|
|-
|Yoon Taekyoung
|Politician
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|22 September 1909
|{{Centre|—}}
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10209022_001|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|Yi Jaewan
|Politician
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|22 September 1909
|{{Centre|—}}
|<ref name=":2"/>
|-
|[[Prince Yasuhiko Asaka]]
|Member of [[Imperial House of Japan]]
|{{flag|Japanese Empire}}
|16 April 1910
|[[File:Prince Asaka Yasuhiko.jpg|100px]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10304016_001|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|Min Byeong-seok
|Politician
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|26 August 1910
|{{Centre|—}}
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10308026_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Ye Wanyong]]
|Politician
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|26 August 1910
|[[File:Lee Wan-yong Portrait.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":3"/>
|-
|Yi Jae-gak
|Member of [[House of Yi]]
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|27 August 1910
|{{Centre|—}}
|<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=조선왕조실록|url=http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kzb_10308027_002|access-date=2021-12-15|website=sillok.history.go.kr}}</ref>
|-
|[[Yi Jun-yong]]
|Member of [[House of Yi]]
|{{flag|Korean Empire}}
|27 August 1910
|[[File:Leejunyong-1918.jpg|100px]]
|<ref name=":4"/>
|-
|}


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{Orders-medals-stub}}
[[Category:Orders of chivalry]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1900]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1900]]
[[Category:1900 establishments in Korea]]
[[Category:1900 establishments in Korea]]
[[Category:Korean awards]]
[[Category:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Korean Empire]]

Latest revision as of 09:13, 1 March 2024

Order of the Golden Ruler
대훈위 금척대수장
TypeDynastic order
Awarded forMerit
Presented bythe Korean Empire
EligibilityCivilians and military, Korean and foreign, with rank/status determining which grade one received
StatusObsolete
EstablishedApril 17, 1897(in Korea)
Precedence
Next (higher)None
Next (lower)Order of the Auspicious Stars

The Order of the Golden Ruler or the Order of the Taejo was the highest Order of chivalry in the Korean Empire. It was established on 17 April 1897 by Gojong of Korea, four years after he established the Korean Empire.

History

[edit]

In the summer of 1897, Gojong of Korea began to consider creating orders for his newly-established empire. For inspiration, he had considered a European-style model.[1] He formally established the order on 17 April 1897. The highest rank of the order, the Grand Cordon, was first awarded to Gojong of Korea, Sunjong of Korea, and Yi Un. Gojong named the order for a dream Taejo of Joseon claimed to have, which inspired him to establish Joseon. Gojong also stated that the award of the order was "happily" intended for those who served Korea.[1][clarification needed]

The first foreigner to receive the order was Prince Henry of Prussia on 20 March 1904. He received it during his visit to the Korean Empire, an exchange typically observed for foreign heads of state. Over ten years, 27 foreigners were named to the Order.

Recipients received a pension of 600~1,000 Won annually or a one-time payment of 2,000 Won[2] It is regarded that the order was awarded to too many recipients for its intended degree of honor.[3][clarification needed]

Form

[edit]
Badge and medal of the Order of the Golden Ruler.
Gojong wearing the badge of order of the Golden Ruler

"The badge is composed of a Badge and a Medal. The material of the suit jacket (章) is gold, and the diameter is 2 chi (寸) and 5 pun (分), which is 7.5 cm. With the blue-and-red Taegeuk wrapped in gold line as the center, the cross-shaped golden cheok and white rays extend from the golden cheok as the axis, and three white oyster flowers are arranged in each ray between the rays. Badge included Daesu, which is wore from right shoulder to left side. Medal is just the same as the badge but its perimeter is 6cm."[4]

Recipients

[edit]
Main article: Recipients of the Order of the Golden Ruler

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "조선왕조실록". sillok.history.go.kr. Retrieved 2021-12-03.
  2. ^ 이, 강칠 (1999). 대한제국시대훈장제도 (in Korean). 白山出版社. p. 113. ISBN 978-89-7739-259-5.
  3. ^ "[박종인의 땅의 역사]망국 대한제국에는 훈장이 발에 걸리도록 많았다". The Chosun Ilbo (in Korean). 2021-01-26. Retrieved 2021-12-03.
  4. ^ 이, 강칠 (1999). 대한제국시대훈장제도 (in Korean). 白山出版社. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-89-7739-259-5.
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