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| image =Copper fals of as-Salih Salih.jpg
| image =Copper fals of as-Salih Salih.jpg
| caption =Copper alloy fals of Mamluk sultan as-Salih Salih minted in Aleppo in 1354
| caption =Copper alloy fals of Mamluk sultan as-Salih Salih minted in Aleppo in 1354
| succession1 = [[Sultan of Egypt]]
| succession = [[Sultan of Egypt]]
| predecessor1 = [[An-Nasir Hasan]]
| predecessor = [[An-Nasir Hasan]]
| successor1 = An-Nasir Hasan
| successor = [[An-Nasir Hasan]]
| reign1 = December 1351 – October 1354
| reign = December 1351 – October 1354
| coronation =
| coronation =
| othertitles =
| othertitles =
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| house-type =
| house-type =
| father = [[An-Nasir Muhammad]]
| father = [[An-Nasir Muhammad]]
| mother = Qutlumalik bint Tankiz
| issue = Muhammad
| issue = Muhammad
| birth_date =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = 28 September 1337
| birth_place = 28 September 1337
| death_date = December 1360
| death_date = December 1360 (aged 23)
| death_place =
| death_place =
| burial_place = [[Cairo]]
| burial_place = [[Cairo]]
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| religion = [[Islam]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
|}}
|}}
'''As-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun''' (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as '''as-Salih Salih''', was the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]] sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan [[an-Nasir Muhammad]] to accede to the sultanate. He was largely a figurehead, with real power held by the senior Mamluk emirs, most prominently Emir [[Taz an-Nasiri]] ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sayf_al-Din_Taz com]).
'''As-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun''' (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as '''as-Salih Salih''', was the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk]] sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan [[an-Nasir Muhammad]] to accede to the sultanate. He was largely a figurehead, with real power held by the senior Mamluk emirs, most prominently Emir [[Taz an-Nasiri]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Salih was born on 28 September 1337.<ref name="Bauden">{{cite web|last1=Bauden|first1=Frédéric|title=The Qalawunids: A Pedigree|url=http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/qalawunids/qalawunid-pedigree.pdf|publisher=University of Chicago|accessdate=2016-02-25}}</ref> He was the son of Sultan [[an-Nasir Muhammad]] (r. 1310–1341) and one of his wives, Qutlumalik, the daughter of Emir [[Tankiz|Tankiz al-Husami]] of [[Damascus]] (r. 1312–1340).<ref>Bauden 2009, p. 62.</ref> As sultan, Salih often displayed public affection and respect for his mother.<ref name="Levanoni186">Levanoni 1995, p. 186.</ref> He took his mother and his wives on a trip to Siryaqus (a resort village north of Cairo), along with several emirs and other officials.<ref name="Levanoni186"/> There, he held a royal ceremony in honor of his mother in which he laid out her table and served her food that he personally prepared.<ref name="Levanoni186"/> He declared her honorary sultan, accorded her [[regalia]] and assigned her servants and slave girls to play the role of her emirs.<ref name="Levanoni186"/>
Salih was born on 28 September 1337.<ref name="Bauden">{{cite web|last1=Bauden|first1=Frédéric|title=The Qalawunids: A Pedigree|url=http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/qalawunids/qalawunid-pedigree.pdf|publisher=University of Chicago|access-date=2016-02-25}}</ref> He was the son of Sultan [[an-Nasir Muhammad]] (r. 1310–1341) and one of his wives, Qutlumalik, the daughter of Emir [[Tankiz|Tankiz al-Husami]] of [[Damascus]] (r. 1312–1340).<ref>Bauden 2009, p. 62.</ref> As sultan, Salih often displayed public affection and respect for his mother.<ref name="Levanoni186">Levanoni 1995, p. 186.</ref> He took his mother and his wives on a trip to Siryaqus (a resort village north of Cairo), along with several emirs and other officials.<ref name="Levanoni186"/> There, he held a royal ceremony in honor of his mother in which he laid out her table and served her food that he personally prepared.<ref name="Levanoni186"/> He declared her honorary sultan, accorded her [[regalia]] and assigned her servants and slave girls to play the role of her emirs.<ref name="Levanoni186"/>


In August 1351, Salih was appointed as sultan in place of his half-brother [[an-Nasir Hasan]].<ref name="Harithy70">Al-Harithy 1996, p. 70.</ref> His installment in the sultanate was a result of a decision by the senior Mamluk emirs, namely Taz and [[Baybugha]] in response to an-Nasir Hasan's move to assert real control over the state.<ref name="Harithy70"/> At the onset of Salih's reign, emirs [[Shaykhu]] and [[Manjak al-Yusufi|Manjak]] ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sayf_al-Din_Manjak com]) (Baybugha's brother) were released.<ref name="Harithy78">Al-Harithy 1996, p. 78.</ref> In effect, Emir Taz was the ruler of the sultanate and Salih was a figurehead sultan.<ref name="Harithy70"/> However, Salih did assert his authority when Emir Baybugha launched a rebellion in Syria in 1352.<ref name="Harithy78"/> Salih led his army to Damascus and confronted the rebels.<ref name="Harithy78"/> Baybugha and the ''nuwwab'' (governors, sing. ''na'ib'') of [[Safad]], [[Hama]] and [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]] were ultimately imprisoned, and Byabugha died while incarcerated in Aleppo later that year.<ref name="Harithy78"/>
In August 1351, Salih was appointed as sultan in place of his half-brother [[an-Nasir Hasan]].<ref name="Harithy70">Al-Harithy 1996, p. 70.</ref> His installment in the sultanate was a result of a decision by the senior Mamluk emirs, namely Taz and [[Baybugha]] in response to an-Nasir Hasan's move to assert real control over the state.<ref name="Harithy70"/> At the onset of Salih's reign, emirs [[Shaykhu]] and [[Manjak al-Yusufi|Manjak]] ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sayf_al-Din_Manjak com]) (Baybugha's brother) were released.<ref name="Harithy78">Al-Harithy 1996, p. 78.</ref> In effect, Emir Taz was the ruler of the sultanate and Salih was a figurehead sultan.<ref name="Harithy70"/> However, Salih did assert his authority when Emir Baybugha launched a rebellion in Syria in 1352.<ref name="Harithy78"/> Salih led his army to Damascus and confronted the rebels.<ref name="Harithy78"/> Baybugha and the ''nuwwab'' (governors, sing. ''na'ib'') of [[Safad]], [[Hama]] and [[Tripoli, Lebanon|Tripoli]] were ultimately imprisoned, and Byabugha died while incarcerated in Aleppo later that year.<ref name="Harithy78"/>


Emir Shaykhu fell out with Salih and at the same time conspired with Emir [[Sirghitmish]] to oust Emir Taz from power.<ref name="Harithy78"/> In October 1354, the dissident emirs toppled Salih and restored an-Nasir Hasan to power, while sending Taz to Aleppo to serve as that province's ''na'ib'' (effectively exiling him).<ref name="Harithy78"/> Salih died in December 1360 at the age of 24.<ref name="Bauden"/> He was buried in the mausoleum of his paternal grandmother, Umm Salih (wife of Qalawun) in Cairo.<ref name="Bauden"/> He was survived by his son, Muhammad.<ref name="Bauden"/>
Emir Shaykhu fell out with Salih and at the same time conspired with Emir [[Sirghitmish]] to oust Emir Taz from power.<ref name="Harithy78"/> In October 1354, the dissident emirs toppled Salih and restored an-Nasir Hasan to power, while sending Taz to Aleppo to serve as that province's ''na'ib'' (effectively exiling him).<ref name="Harithy78"/> Salih died in December 1360 at the age of 24.<ref name="Bauden"/> He was buried in the mausoleum of his paternal grandmother, Umm Salih (wife of Qalawun) in Cairo.<ref name="Bauden"/> He was survived by his son, Muhammad.<ref name="Bauden"/>

==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
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{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Bauden|first1=Frédéric|title=The Sons of al-Nāṣir Muḥammad and the Politics of Puppets: Where Did It All Start?|journal=Mamluk Studies Review|date=2009|volume=13|issue=1|url=http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MSR_XIII-1_2009-Bauden_pp53-81.pdf|publisher=Middle East Documentation Center, The University of Chicago}}
*{{cite journal|last1=Bauden|first1=Frédéric|title=The Sons of al-Nāṣir Muḥammad and the Politics of Puppets: Where Did It All Start?|journal=Mamluk Studies Review|date=2009|volume=13|issue=1|url=http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MSR_XIII-1_2009-Bauden_pp53-81.pdf|publisher=Middle East Documentation Center, The University of Chicago}}
*{{cite book|last1=Al-Harithy|first1=Howyda N.|editor1= Gibb, H.A.R.|editorlink1= H. A. R. Gibb |editor2=E. van Donzel|editorlink2=|editor3=P.J. Bearman|editorlink3=Peri Bearman |editor4=J. van Lent|editorlink4=|title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA68|chapter=The Complex of Sultan Hasan in Cairo: Reading Between the Lines|year=1996|isbn=9789004106338}}
*{{cite book|last1=Al-Harithy|first1=Howyda N.|editor1= Gibb, H.A.R.|editor-link1= H. A. R. Gibb |editor2=E. van Donzel|editor3=P.J. Bearman|editor-link3=Peri Bearman |editor4=J. van Lent|title=The Encyclopaedia of Islam|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA68|chapter=The Complex of Sultan Hasan in Cairo: Reading Between the Lines|year=1996|publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789004106338}}
*{{cite book|last1=Levanoni|first1=Amalia|title=A Turning Point in Mamluk History: The Third Reign of Al-Nāṣir Muḥammad Ibn Qalāwūn (1310-1341)|date=1995|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004101821|url=https://www.academia.edu/12312607/A_Turning_Point_in_Mamluk_History_The_Third_Reign_of_al-Nasir_Muhammad_Ibn_Qalawun_1310-1341_}}
*{{cite book|last1=Levanoni|first1=Amalia|title=A Turning Point in Mamluk History: The Third Reign of Al-Nāṣir Muḥammad Ibn Qalāwūn (1310-1341)|date=1995|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004101821|url=https://www.academia.edu/12312607}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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{{s-reg}}
{{s-reg}}
{{succession box|title=[[List of Mamluk sultans|Mamluk Sultan]]|before=[[An-Nasir Hasan]]|after=[[An-Nasir Hasan]]
{{succession box|title=[[List of Mamluk sultans|Mamluk Sultan]]|before=[[An-Nasir Hasan]]|after=[[An-Nasir Hasan]]
|years=December 1351–October 1354}}
|years=December 1351 – October 1354}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


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[[Category:14th-century Mamluk sultans]]
[[Category:14th-century Mamluk sultans]]
[[Category:Bahri sultans]]
[[Category:Bahri sultans]]
[[Category:Kipchaks]]
[[Category:14th-century Kipchaks]]
[[Category:Qalawunid dynasty]]

Latest revision as of 09:51, 2 March 2024

Salih
Al-Malik as-Salih
Copper alloy fals of Mamluk sultan as-Salih Salih minted in Aleppo in 1354
Sultan of Egypt
ReignDecember 1351 – October 1354
PredecessorAn-Nasir Hasan
SuccessorAn-Nasir Hasan
Born28 September 1337
DiedDecember 1360 (aged 23)
Burial
Cairo
IssueMuhammad
Names
Al-Malik an-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun
HouseQalawuni
DynastyBahri
FatherAn-Nasir Muhammad
MotherQutlumalik bint Tankiz
ReligionIslam

As-Salih Salah ad-Din Salih ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (28 September 1337–1360/61, better known as as-Salih Salih, was the Mamluk sultan in 1351–1354. He was the eighth son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad to accede to the sultanate. He was largely a figurehead, with real power held by the senior Mamluk emirs, most prominently Emir Taz an-Nasiri.

Biography

[edit]

Salih was born on 28 September 1337.[1] He was the son of Sultan an-Nasir Muhammad (r. 1310–1341) and one of his wives, Qutlumalik, the daughter of Emir Tankiz al-Husami of Damascus (r. 1312–1340).[2] As sultan, Salih often displayed public affection and respect for his mother.[3] He took his mother and his wives on a trip to Siryaqus (a resort village north of Cairo), along with several emirs and other officials.[3] There, he held a royal ceremony in honor of his mother in which he laid out her table and served her food that he personally prepared.[3] He declared her honorary sultan, accorded her regalia and assigned her servants and slave girls to play the role of her emirs.[3]

In August 1351, Salih was appointed as sultan in place of his half-brother an-Nasir Hasan.[4] His installment in the sultanate was a result of a decision by the senior Mamluk emirs, namely Taz and Baybugha in response to an-Nasir Hasan's move to assert real control over the state.[4] At the onset of Salih's reign, emirs Shaykhu and Manjak (com) (Baybugha's brother) were released.[5] In effect, Emir Taz was the ruler of the sultanate and Salih was a figurehead sultan.[4] However, Salih did assert his authority when Emir Baybugha launched a rebellion in Syria in 1352.[5] Salih led his army to Damascus and confronted the rebels.[5] Baybugha and the nuwwab (governors, sing. na'ib) of Safad, Hama and Tripoli were ultimately imprisoned, and Byabugha died while incarcerated in Aleppo later that year.[5]

Emir Shaykhu fell out with Salih and at the same time conspired with Emir Sirghitmish to oust Emir Taz from power.[5] In October 1354, the dissident emirs toppled Salih and restored an-Nasir Hasan to power, while sending Taz to Aleppo to serve as that province's na'ib (effectively exiling him).[5] Salih died in December 1360 at the age of 24.[1] He was buried in the mausoleum of his paternal grandmother, Umm Salih (wife of Qalawun) in Cairo.[1] He was survived by his son, Muhammad.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Bauden, Frédéric. "The Qalawunids: A Pedigree" (PDF). University of Chicago. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
  2. ^ Bauden 2009, p. 62.
  3. ^ a b c d Levanoni 1995, p. 186.
  4. ^ a b c Al-Harithy 1996, p. 70.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Al-Harithy 1996, p. 78.

Bibliography

[edit]
Regnal titles
Preceded by Mamluk Sultan
December 1351 – October 1354 		Succeeded by
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