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{{Short description|Membrane in the cochlea in the inner ear}}
{{Infobox Anatomy |
{{Infobox anatomy
Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
| Name = Vestibular membrane
Latin = paries vestibularis ductus cochlearis |
| Latin = membrana vestibularis ductus cochlearis
GraySubject = 232 |
GrayPage = 1054 |
| Image = Gray928.png
⚫
| Caption = Cross-section of the [[cochlea]] showing the position of the vestibular membrane.
Image = Gray928.png |
⚫
| Width = 300
⚫
Caption = Diagrammatic longitudinal section of the cochlea. (label is 'vestibular membrane')|
Width = 300 |
| Image2 = Cochlea-crosssection.svg
| Caption2 = Cross-section of the cochlea at higher magnification showing the membrane (here labelled "Reissner's membrane")
Image2 = Cochlea-crosssection.png |
| System =[[Inner ear]]
Caption2 = Cross section of the cochlea. |
| Location = [[Cochlea]] of the [[inner ear]]
⚫
System = |
| Pronunciation = {{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|r|aɪ|s|n|ər}}
MeshName = |
MeshNumber = |
DorlandsPre = p_06 |
DorlandsSuf = 12615626 |
}}
}}
⚫
'''Reissner's membrane''' ('''vestibular membrane''', '''vestibular wall''') is a [[diaphragm (acoustics)|membrane]] inside the [[cochlea]] of the [[inner ear]]. It separates [[scala media]] from [[scala vestibuli]]. Together with the [[basilar membrane]] it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with [[perilymph]], which is important for the function of the [[organ of Corti]]. It primarily functions as a [[diffusion]] barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the [[perilymph]] to the [[endolymph]] of the [[membranous labyrinth]].


The '''vestibular membrane''', '''vestibular wall''' or '''Reissner's membrane''' is a [[diaphragm (acoustics)|membrane]] inside the [[cochlea]] of the [[inner ear]]. It separates the [[cochlear duct]] from the [[vestibular duct]]. It helps to transmit vibrations from fluid in the vestibular duct to the cochlear duct. Together with the [[basilar membrane]], it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with [[endolymph]], which is important for the function of the spiral [[organ of Corti]]. It allows nutrients to travel from the [[perilymph]] to the [[endolymph]] of the [[membranous labyrinth]]. It may be damaged in [[Ménière's disease]]. It is named after the German [[anatomist]] [[Ernst Reissner]].
[[Histologically]], the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened [[epithelium]], separated by a [[basal lamina]]. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and [[electrolytes]]. <!-- Is this true? A source would be nice. Neurogeek. -->


== Structure ==
⚫
==Additional images==
The vestibular membrane separates the [[cochlear duct]] (scala media) from the [[vestibular duct]] (scala vestibuli).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Javel|first=Eric|chapter-url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0122268709005293|title=Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences|publisher=[[Academic Press]]|year=2003|isbn=978-0-12-226870-0|pages=305–311|language=en|chapter=Auditory System, Peripheral|doi=10.1016/B0-12-226870-9/00529-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Krey|first1=Jocelyn F.|chapter-url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123749475000535|title=Basic Neurochemistry - Principles of Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Neurobiology|last2=Gillespie|first2=Peter G.|publisher=[[Academic Press]]|year=2012|isbn=978-0-12-374947-5|edition=8th|pages=916–927|language=en|chapter=53 - Molecular Biology of Hearing and Balance|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-374947-5.00053-5}}</ref>

=== Microanatomy ===
[[Histologically]], the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened [[epithelium]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Maynard|first1=Robert Lewis|chapter-url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012811837500023X|title=Anatomy and Histology of the Laboratory Rat in Toxicology and Biomedical Research|last2=Downes|first2=Noel|publisher=[[Academic Press]]|year=2019|isbn=978-0-12-811837-5|pages=293–302|language=en|chapter=23 - The Ear|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-811837-5.00023-X}}</ref> These are separated by a [[basal lamina]]. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and [[electrolytes]].{{uncited|date=April 2020}}

== Function ==
The vestibular membrane helps to transmit vibrations from fluid in the [[vestibular duct]] to the [[cochlear duct]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Loftus|first1=Brian D.|chapter-url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323057127000027|title=Neurology Secrets|last2=Athni|first2=Sudhir S.|last3=Cherches|first3=Igor M.|publisher=[[Mosby (publisher)|Mosby]]|year=2011|isbn=978-0-323-05712-7|edition=5th|pages=18–54|language=en|chapter=2 - Clinical Neuroanatomy|doi=10.1016/B978-0-323-05712-7.00002-7}}</ref>

⚫
Together with the [[basilar membrane]], the vestibular membrane creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with [[endolymph]]. This is important for the function of the spiral [[organ of Corti]]. It primarily functions as a [[diffusion]] barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the [[perilymph]] to the [[endolymph]] of the [[membranous labyrinth]].

== Clinical significance ==
The vestibular membrane may be ruptured by an increase in the pressure of endolymph in the cochlear duct.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Hain|first=Timothy C.|chapter-url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781416036180100128|title=Textbook of Clinical Neurology|publisher=[[Saunders (imprint)|Saunders]]|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4160-3618-0|edition=3rd|pages=199–215|language=en|chapter=12 - Cranial Nerve VIII: Vestibulocochlear System|doi=10.1016/B978-141603618-0.10012-8}}</ref> This may occur in [[Ménière's disease]].<ref name=":1" />

== History ==
The vestibular membrane is also known as Reissner's membrane.<ref name=":0" /> This alternative name is named after German [[anatomist]] [[Ernst Reissner]] (1824-1878).

⚫
== Additional images ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Gray903.png|Transverse section of the cochlear duct of a fetal cat.
File:Gray929.png|Floor of cochlear duct.
File:Gray930.png|Spiral limbus and basilar membrane.
Image:Gray929.png|Floor of ductus cochlearis.
Image:Gray930.png|Limbus laminæ spiralis and membrana basilaris.
</gallery>
</gallery>


==External links==
== References ==
<references />
* {{eMedicineDictionary|vestibular+membrane}}

== External links ==
* {{KansasHistology|eye_ear|ear03}}
* {{KansasHistology|eye_ear|ear03}}
* {{UIUCHistologySubject|76}}
* {{UIUCHistologySubject|76}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170418213235/http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/h%26b/textbook/chap-6.html#Obj1 Overview] at [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]]
* [http://lobe.ibme.utoronto.ca/presentations/Passive_DPOAE/PassiveDPoae30.htm Powerpoint at University of Toronto]
* [http://www.neurophys.wisc.edu/h&b/textbook/chap-6.html#Obj1 University of Wisconsin]
* [http://faculty.une.edu/com/abell/histo/cochleaw.jpg Image] at [[University of New England, Maine]]
* [http://cd.ed.gov.hk/sci/biology/resources/L&T1/resources-1/photo/Mammalian%20organs%20and%20tissues/Cochlea%20retina%20skin%20spinal%20cord/Cochlea%204.jpg Slide (Hong Kong)]
* [http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/Lecture/Main/ear.htm#duct University of Texas description]


{{Auditory system}}
{{Auditory system}}
[[Category:Auditory system]]
[[Category:Auditory system]]
[[Category:Ear]]

[[id:Membran Reissner]]

Latest revision as of 16:34, 5 March 2024

Vestibular membrane
Cross-section of the cochlea showing the position of the vestibular membrane.
Cross-section of the cochlea at higher magnification showing the membrane (here labelled "Reissner's membrane")
Details
PronunciationEnglish: /ˈraɪsnər/
SystemInner ear
LocationCochlea of the inner ear
Identifiers
Latinmembrana vestibularis ductus cochlearis
Anatomical terminology

The vestibular membrane, vestibular wall or Reissner's membrane is a membrane inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It separates the cochlear duct from the vestibular duct. It helps to transmit vibrations from fluid in the vestibular duct to the cochlear duct. Together with the basilar membrane, it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with endolymph, which is important for the function of the spiral organ of Corti. It allows nutrients to travel from the perilymph to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth. It may be damaged in Ménière's disease. It is named after the German anatomist Ernst Reissner.

Structure

[edit]

The vestibular membrane separates the cochlear duct (scala media) from the vestibular duct (scala vestibuli).[1][2]

Microanatomy

[edit]

Histologically, the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened epithelium.[3] These are separated by a basal lamina. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and electrolytes.[citation needed]

Function

[edit]

The vestibular membrane helps to transmit vibrations from fluid in the vestibular duct to the cochlear duct.[4]

Together with the basilar membrane, the vestibular membrane creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with endolymph. This is important for the function of the spiral organ of Corti. It primarily functions as a diffusion barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the perilymph to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth.

Clinical significance

[edit]

The vestibular membrane may be ruptured by an increase in the pressure of endolymph in the cochlear duct.[5] This may occur in Ménière's disease.[5]

History

[edit]

The vestibular membrane is also known as Reissner's membrane.[3] This alternative name is named after German anatomist Ernst Reissner (1824-1878).

Additional images

[edit]
  • Floor of cochlear duct.
    Floor of cochlear duct.
  • Spiral limbus and basilar membrane.
    Spiral limbus and basilar membrane.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Javel, Eric (2003). "Auditory System, Peripheral". Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences. Academic Press. pp. 305–311. doi:10.1016/B0-12-226870-9/00529-3. ISBN 978-0-12-226870-0.
  2. ^ Krey, Jocelyn F.; Gillespie, Peter G. (2012). "53 - Molecular Biology of Hearing and Balance". Basic Neurochemistry - Principles of Molecular, Cellular, and Medical Neurobiology (8th ed.). Academic Press. pp. 916–927. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-374947-5.00053-5. ISBN 978-0-12-374947-5.
  3. ^ a b Maynard, Robert Lewis; Downes, Noel (2019). "23 - The Ear". Anatomy and Histology of the Laboratory Rat in Toxicology and Biomedical Research. Academic Press. pp. 293–302. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-811837-5.00023-X. ISBN 978-0-12-811837-5.
  4. ^ Loftus, Brian D.; Athni, Sudhir S.; Cherches, Igor M. (2011). "2 - Clinical Neuroanatomy". Neurology Secrets (5th ed.). Mosby. pp. 18–54. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-05712-7.00002-7. ISBN 978-0-323-05712-7.
  5. ^ a b Hain, Timothy C. (2007). "12 - Cranial Nerve VIII: Vestibulocochlear System". Textbook of Clinical Neurology (3rd ed.). Saunders. pp. 199–215. doi:10.1016/B978-141603618-0.10012-8. ISBN 978-1-4160-3618-0.
[edit]
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