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{{Short description|Dorian asteroid}}
{{Infobox planet
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 2807 Karl Marx
| name = 2807 Karl Marx
| background = #FFFFC0
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| discovered = 15 October 1969
| discovered = 15 October 1969
| discoverer = [[Lyudmila Chernykh|L. Chernykh]]
| discoverer = [[Lyudmila Chernykh|L. Chernykh]]
| discovery_site = [[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory|CrAO – Nauchnyj]]
| discovery_site = {{nowrap|[[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory|Crimean Astrophysical Obs.]]}}
| mp_name = 2807 Karl Marx
| mpc_name = (2807) Karl Marx
| alt_names = {{mp|1969 TH|6}}{{·}}{{mp|1952 BD|1}}<br />1974 XF{{·}}{{mp|1976 GD|3}}<br />A924 BE
| alt_names = {{mp|1969 TH|6}}{{·}}{{mp|1952 BD|1}}<br />1974 XF{{·}}{{mp|1976 GD|3}}<br />A924 BE
| pronounced =
| named_after = [[Karl Marx]]<br />{{small|([[revolutionary socialist]])}}<ref name="springer" />
| named_after = [[Karl Marx]]<br />{{small|([[revolutionary socialist]])}}<ref name="springer" />
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]&thinsp;<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx" />{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|middle]])}}<br />Dora&thinsp;<ref name="Broz-2013" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 27 June 2015 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457200.5)
| epoch = 4 September 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = {{nowrap|91.78 yr (33,524 days)}}
| observation_arc = 93.16 yr (34,025 days)
| aphelion = 3.2990 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| aphelion = 3.2969 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 2.2937 AU
| perihelion = 2.2938 AU
| semimajor = 2.7964 AU
| semimajor = 2.7953 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1797
| eccentricity = 0.1794
| period = 4.68 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,708 days)
| period = 4.67 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,707 days)
| mean_anomaly = 204.58[[degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_anomaly = 13.095[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| inclination = 7.8775°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2109|sup=ms}} / day
| asc_node = 28.455°
| inclination = 7.8785°
| arg_peri = 92.350°
| asc_node = 28.449°
| arg_peri = 92.475°
| dimensions = {{val|13|5}} {{small|(generic)}}<ref name="h" />
| dimensions = {{val|16.866|0.144}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" />
| rotation =
| rotation =
| albedo =
| albedo = {{val|0.057|0.012}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" />
| spectral_type = [[SMASS classification|SMASS]] = [[C-type asteroid|C]]<ref name="jpldata" />
| spectral_type = [[SMASS classification|SMASS]] = [[C-type asteroid|C]]&thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| abs_magnitude = 12.7<ref name="jpldata" />
| abs_magnitude = 12.7<ref name="jpldata" />
}}
}}


'''2807 Karl Marx''', provisional designation {{mp|1969 TH|6}}, is a carbonaceous [[asteroid]] from the outer region of the [[asteroid belt]], roughly 13 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1969, by Russian female astronomer [[Lyudmila Chernykh]] at the [[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory]] in Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula.<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx" />
'''2807 Karl Marx''', provisional designation {{mp|1969 TH|6}}, is a carbonaceous Dorian [[asteroid]] from the central region of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1969, by Russian astronomer [[Lyudmila Chernykh]] at the [[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory]] in Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula.<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx" /> The asteroid was later named for the German philosopher [[Karl Marx]].<ref name="springer" />


== Orbit and classification ==
The asteroid is classified as a dark [[C-type asteroid|C-type]] asteroid in the [[SMASS classification|SMASS]] taxonomy. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–3.3&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 8 months (1,708 days). Its orbit is [[orbital inclination|tilted]] by 8 degrees to the plane of the [[ecliptic]] and shows an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.18. Little is known about the asteroids size, albedo and rotation, despite having a well-observed orbit with the lowest possible uncertainty – a [[Uncertainty parameter|condition code]] of 0 – and an [[observation arc]] that spans over a period of almost a century, with [[precovery]] images taken on photographic plates already taken in the 1920s.<ref name="jpldata" /> The asteroid is a member of the ''Dora family''.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}}


=== Dora family ===
Based on its absolute [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] of 12.7, its diameter could be anywhere between 8 and 18 kilometers, assuming an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] in the range of 0.05 to 0.25.<ref name="h" /> Since the outer main-belt asteroid is of a [[C-type asteroid|carbonaceous]] rather than of a [[S-type asteroids|silicaceous]] composition, with low albedos, typically around 0.05, the asteroid's diameter might be on the upper end of NASA's published conversion table, as the lower the albedo (reflectivity), the larger the body's diameter for a given absolute magnitude (brightness).<ref name="h" />


''Karl Marx'' is a member of the [[Dora family]] ({{small|[[FIN tbl#512|512]]}}), a well-determined [[asteroid family]] of more than 1,200 known members with a carbonaceous composition. The family's namesake is [[668&nbsp;Dora]]. It is alternatively known as the "Zhongolovich family", named after its presumably largest member [[1734&nbsp;Zhongolovich]]. The Dora family may also contain a subfamily.<ref name="Broz-2013" /><ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|13,23}}
The minor planet is named after German philosopher, economist and revolutionary socialist Heinrich [[Karl Marx]] (1818–1883), student of the theory of socio-economic systems and author of ''[[Capital: Critique of Political Economy|Das Kapital]]'', the foundational theoretical text of modern [[Communism|communist]] thought.<ref name="springer" />

=== Orbit and observation arc ===

It orbits the Sun in the [[Kirkwood gap|central]] main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.3&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 8 months (1,707 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.18 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 8[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" />

The asteroid was first identified as {{mp|1924 BE}} at [[Heidelberg Observatory]] in 1924. Its first used observation is a [[precovery]] taken at [[Palomar Observatory]] in 1954, extending the body's [[observation arc]] by 15 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnyj.<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx" />

== Physical characteristics ==

In the [[SMASS classification]], ''Karl Marx'' is classified as a carbonaceous [[C-type asteroid]].<ref name="jpldata" /> According to the survey carried out by NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] with its subsequent [[NEOWISE]] mission, ''Karl Marx'' measures 16.9 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] of 0.057.<ref name="Masiero-2011" />

=== Lightcurves ===

As of 2017, no rotational [[lightcurve]] of ''Karl Marx'' has been obtained. The body's [[rotation period]] and shape remains unknown.<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="lcdb" />

== Naming ==

This [[minor planet]] was named after German philosopher, economist and revolutionary socialist [[Karl Marx]] (1818–1883), student of the theories about society, economics and politics, and author of ''[[Das Kapital]]'', the foundational theoretical text of modern [[communist]] thought.<ref name="springer" /> The official naming citation was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on 24 July 1983 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 8065}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist
{{reflist|30em|refs=
|refs=


<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type=2015-11-14 last obs.
|type = 2017-03-29 last obs.
|title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)
|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002807
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002807
|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|accessdate=December 2015}}</ref>
|access-date = 14 June 2017}}</ref>


<ref name="springer">{{cite book
<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|url=http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2808
|title=Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2807) Karl Marx
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = [[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]
|page = 230
|last=Schmadel |first=Lutz D.
|date = 2007
|publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|page=230
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2808 |chapter = (2807) Karl Marx }}</ref>
|date=2003
|isbn=978-3-540-29925-7
|accessdate=December 2015}}</ref>


<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-Karl Marx">{{cite web
|title=2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)
|title = 2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)
|work=Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2807
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2807
|accessdate=December 2015}}</ref>
|access-date = 30 November 2016}}</ref>


<ref name="h">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
|title=Absolute Magnitude (H)
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|work = Minor Planet Center
|publisher=NASA/JPL
|url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/glossary/h.html
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate=December 2015}}</ref>
|access-date = 30 November 2016}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{Cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey
|first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt
|first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan
|first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr
|first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie
|first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen
|first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker
|first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright
|first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun
|first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury
|first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier
|first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion
|first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins
|date = November 2011
|title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 20
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68
|arxiv = 1109.4096
|access-date= 6 November 2016}}</ref>

<ref name="Broz-2013">{{cite journal
|first1 = M. |last1 = Broz
|first2 = A. |last2 = Morbidelli
|first3 = W. F. |last3 = Bottke
|first4 = J. |last4 = Rozehnal
|first5 = D. |last5 = Vokrouhlický
|first6 = D. |last6 = Nesvorný
|date = March 2013
|title = Constraining the cometary flux through the asteroid belt during the late heavy bombardment
|journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics
|volume = 551
|page = 16
|bibcode = 2013A&A...551A.117B
|doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201219296
|arxiv = 1301.6221}}</ref>

<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{cite book
|first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
|first2 = M. |last2 = Broz
|first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba
|date = December 2014
|chapter = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
|title = Asteroids IV
|pages = 297–321
|bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N
|doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
|arxiv = 1502.01628
|isbn = 978-0-8165-3213-1}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (2807) Karl Marx
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2807%7CKarl%20Marx
|access-date = 14 June 2017}}</ref>


}} <!-- end of reflist -->
}} <!-- end of reflist -->


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.se/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|2807}}
* {{JPL small body|title=2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)|id=2002807}}
* {{JPL small body}}

{{MinorPlanets Navigator|2806 Graz|2808 Belgrano}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Minor planets navigator |2806 Graz |number=2807 |2808 Belgrano}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Karl Marx}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karl Marx}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Karl Marx}}
[[Category: Main-belt asteroids|002807]]
[[Category:Dora asteroids|002807]]
[[Category:Numbered asteroids|002807]]
[[Category:Asteroids named for people|Karl Marx]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Lyudmila Chernykh]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Lyudmila Chernykh]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1969|19691015]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Karl Marx]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials to Karl Marx|2807 Karl Marx]]
[[Category:C-type asteroids (SMASS)|002807]]
[[Category:C-type asteroids (SMASS)|002807]]
[[Category:Dora asteroids]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1969|19691015]]


{{C-beltasteroid-stub}}
{{Beltasteroid-stub}}

Latest revision as of 05:36, 6 March 2024

2807 Karl Marx
Discovery [1]
Discovered byL. Chernykh
Discovery siteCrimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery date15 October 1969
Designations
(2807) Karl Marx
Named after
Karl Marx
(revolutionary socialist)[2]
1969 TH6 · 1952 BD1
1974 XF · 1976 GD3
A924 BE
main-belt [3] · (middle)
Dora [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc93.16 yr (34,025 days)
Aphelion3.2969 AU
Perihelion2.2938 AU
2.7953 AU
Eccentricity0.1794
4.67 yr (1,707 days)
13.095°
0° 12m 39.24s / day
Inclination7.8785°
28.449°
92.475°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions16.866±0.144 km[5]
0.057±0.012[5]
SMASS = C [1]
12.7[1]

2807 Karl Marx, provisional designation 1969 TH6, is a carbonaceous Dorian asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 17 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 October 1969, by Russian astronomer Lyudmila Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula.[3] The asteroid was later named for the German philosopher Karl Marx.[2]

Orbit and classification

[edit]

Dora family

[edit]

Karl Marx is a member of the Dora family (512), a well-determined asteroid family of more than 1,200 known members with a carbonaceous composition. The family's namesake is 668 Dora. It is alternatively known as the "Zhongolovich family", named after its presumably largest member 1734 Zhongolovich. The Dora family may also contain a subfamily.[4][6]: 13, 23 

Orbit and observation arc

[edit]

It orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 8 months (1,707 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 8° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

The asteroid was first identified as 1924 BE at Heidelberg Observatory in 1924. Its first used observation is a precovery taken at Palomar Observatory in 1954, extending the body's observation arc by 15 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnyj.[3]

Physical characteristics

[edit]

In the SMASS classification, Karl Marx is classified as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1] According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Karl Marx measures 16.9 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.057.[5]

Lightcurves

[edit]

As of 2017, no rotational lightcurve of Karl Marx has been obtained. The body's rotation period and shape remains unknown.[1][7]

Naming

[edit]

This minor planet was named after German philosopher, economist and revolutionary socialist Karl Marx (1818–1883), student of the theories about society, economics and politics, and author of Das Kapital, the foundational theoretical text of modern communist thought.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 24 July 1983 (M.P.C. 8065).[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)" (2017-03-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  2. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2807) Karl Marx". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 230. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2808. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  3. ^ a b c "2807 Karl Marx (1969 TH6)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  4. ^ a b Broz, M.; Morbidelli, A.; Bottke, W. F.; Rozehnal, J.; Vokrouhlický, D.; Nesvorný, D. (March 2013). "Constraining the cometary flux through the asteroid belt during the late heavy bombardment". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 551: 16. arXiv:1301.6221. Bibcode:2013A&A...551A.117B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219296.
  5. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 6 November 2016.
  6. ^ Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 978-0-8165-3213-1.
  7. ^ "LCDB Data for (2807) Karl Marx". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  8. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
[edit]

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