Carpathian wisent: Difference between revisions

Carpathian wisent
Conservation status
	; Extinct (1852) (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Artiodactyla
Family:	Bovidae
Subfamily:	Bovinae
Genus:	Bison
Species:	B. bonasus
Subspecies:	†B. b. hungarorum
Trinomial name
	†Bison bonasus hungarorum; (Kretzoi, 1946)

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The Carpathian wisent (Bison bonasus hungarorum) is an extinct subspecies of the European bison that inhabited the Carpathian Mountains, Moldavia and Transylvania regions of Europe.^[1]

Extinction

It began to die out about a hundred years earlier than its close relative, the Caucasian wisent (Bison bonasus caucasicus) and was hunted to extinction in the 19th century.^[1] The last known Carpathian wisent was shot in Marmaros, Austrian Empire in 1852.^[2]

Trivia

Starting in 2014, wisents of the closely related lowland subspecies (Bison bonasus bonasus) were reintroduced into the southern Carpathians from Poland by Rewilding Europe and the World Wide Fund for Nature. The rewilding area hosted a population of 30 animals by the end of 2017.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Tokarska, M.; et al. (2011). "Genetic status of the European bison Bison bonasus after extinction in the wild and subsequent recovery". Mammal Review. 41 (2): 151–162. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2010.00178.x.
^ "După 200 de ani, zimbrul se întoarce în Carpaţi FOTOGALERII". archive.is (in Romanian). 23 March 2012. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012.
^ "Southern Carpathians". Rewilding Europe.

External links

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[Tokarska2011-1] Tokarska, M.; et al. (2011). "Genetic status of the European bison Bison bonasus after extinction in the wild and subsequent recovery". Mammal Review. 41 (2): 151–162. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2907.2010.00178.x.

[2] "După 200 de ani, zimbrul se întoarce în Carpaţi FOTOGALERII". archive.is (in Romanian). 23 March 2012. Archived from the original on 23 March 2012.

[3] "Southern Carpathians". Rewilding Europe.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Extinct subspecies of bison}}
 {{subspeciesbox
 | name = Carpathian wisent
+| image =
+| image_caption = Life Restoration{{sps|date=August 2023}}{{scientific citation needed|date=August 2023}}
 | status = EX
 | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref = {{citation needed|date=May 2011}}
+| status_ref = <ref name=Tokarska2011 />
 | genus = Bison
 | species = bonasus
@@ Line 9: / Line 12: @@
 | subspecies = hungarorum
 | authority = ([[Miklós Kretzoi|Kretzoi]], 1946)
-| extinct = 1852
+| extinct = [[Holocene extinction#Historic extinction|1852]]}}
-| image =
-| image_caption = Hunting stamp
-}}
-The '''Carpathian wisent''' (''Bison bonasus hungarorum'') was a [[subspecies]] of the [[European bison]] that inhabited the [[Carpathian Mountains]], [[Moldavia]] and [[Transylvania]]. It may also have lived in what are today [[Ukraine]] and [[Hungary]].
+The '''Carpathian wisent''' (''Bison bonasus hungarorum'') is an [[Holocene extinction#Historic extinction|extinct]] [[subspecies]] of the [[European bison]] that inhabited the [[Carpathian Mountains]], [[Moldavia]] and [[Transylvania]] regions of Europe.<ref name=Tokarska2011 />
-It began to die out about a hundred years earlier than its very close cousin, the [[Caucasian wisent]], probably because it lived nearer to [[Central Europe]]. The last Carpathian wisent was shot in [[Maramureș]] in 1852<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adevarul.ro/actualitate/social/Dupa_200_de_ani-zimbrul_se_intoarce_in_Carpati_0_668333600.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120323201146/http://www.adevarul.ro/actualitate/social/Dupa_200_de_ani-zimbrul_se_intoarce_in_Carpati_0_668333600.html|url-status=dead|title=După 200 de ani, zimbrul se întoarce în Carpaţi FOTOGALERII|date=23 March 2012|archivedate=23 March 2012|website=archive.is}}</ref> and the subspecies is now entirely extinct.<ref name=Tokarska2011>{{cite journal | author = Tokarska, M. | year = 2011 | title = Genetic status of the European bison ''Bison bonasus'' after extinction in the wild and subsequent recovery | journal = Mammal Review | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 151–162 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2010.00178.x|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
+==Extinction==
-Wisents descended from the Polish population were [[Species reintroduction|reintroduced]] into the southern Carpathians by [[Rewilding Europe]] and the [[World Wide Fund for Nature]] starting in 2014, and the [[rewilding (conservation biology)|rewilding]] area hosted a population of 30 animals by the end of 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rewildingeurope.com/areas/southern-carpathians/|title=Southern Carpathians|website=Rewilding Europe}}</ref>
+It began to die out about a hundred years earlier than its close relative, the [[Caucasian wisent]] (''Bison bonasus caucasicus'') and was hunted to extinction in the 19th century.<ref name=Tokarska2011>{{cite journal | author = Tokarska, M. | year = 2011 | title = Genetic status of the European bison ''Bison bonasus'' after extinction in the wild and subsequent recovery | journal = Mammal Review | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 151–162 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2010.00178.x|display-authors=etal}}</ref> The last known Carpathian wisent was shot in [[Maramureș|Marmaros, Austrian Empire]] in 1852.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adevarul.ro/actualitate/social/Dupa_200_de_ani-zimbrul_se_intoarce_in_Carpati_0_668333600.html|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120323201146/http://www.adevarul.ro/actualitate/social/Dupa_200_de_ani-zimbrul_se_intoarce_in_Carpati_0_668333600.html|url-status=dead|title=După 200 de ani, zimbrul se întoarce în Carpaţi FOTOGALERII|date=23 March 2012|language=ro|archivedate=23 March 2012|website=archive.is}}</ref>
-==Description==
+==Trivia==
+Starting in 2014, wisents of the closely related lowland subspecies (''Bison bonasus bonasus'') were [[Species reintroduction|reintroduced]] into the southern Carpathians from Poland by [[Rewilding Europe]] and the [[World Wide Fund for Nature]]. The [[rewilding (conservation biology)|rewilding]] area hosted a population of 30 animals by the end of 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rewildingeurope.com/areas/southern-carpathians/|title=Southern Carpathians|website=Rewilding Europe}}</ref>
-The Carpathian wisent resembled the European bison in that coat was dense and dark brown to golden brown. The neck was short, maned, and thick, topped by a shoulder hump. The head is relatively high. The horns, found in both sexes, projected outwards and curved upwards and slightly forwards.
 ==See also==
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20161226095419/http://www.ultimateungulate.com/artiodactyla/bison_bonasus.html European bison / Wisent]
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q1084143}}
+[[Category:Mammals described in 1946]]
-[[Category:Bison]]
+[[Category:European bison]]
 [[Category:Extinct mammals of Europe]]
 [[Category:Species made extinct by human activities]]
 [[Category:Mammal extinctions since 1500]]
+[[Category:Carpathians]]
 {{eventoedungulate-stub}}