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{{Short description|Standardized set of characteristics for photographic film}}{{One source|date=February 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
A '''film format''' is a technical definition of a set of standard characteristics regarding image capture on [[photographic film]], for either stills or [[filmmaking]]. It can also apply to projected film, either slides or movies. The primary characteristic of a film format is its size and shape.
[[File:Kodak-Max-400-35mm-Film.jpg|upright|thumb|A cartridge of [[Kodak]] [[35mm format|35 mm (135)]] film for cameras.]]


A '''film format''' is a technical definition of a set of standard characteristics regarding image capture on [[photographic film]] for [[still image]]s or [[film stock]] for [[filmmaking]]. It can also apply to projected film, either slides or movies. The primary characteristic of a film format is its size and shape.
In the case of [[motion picture]] film, the format may also include audio parameters (though often not). Other characteristics usually include the [[film gauge]], [[3-perf and 2-perf pulldown|pulldown]] method, lens [[anamorphic format|anamorphosis]] (or lack thereof), and [[film gate]] or [[movie projector|projector]] aperture dimensions, all of which need to be defined for photography as well as projection, as they may differ.


In the case of [[motion picture]] film, the format sometimes includes audio parameters. Other characteristics usually include the [[film gauge]], [[3-perf and 2-perf pulldown|pulldown]] method, lens [[anamorphic format|anamorphosis]] (or lack thereof), and [[film gate]] or [[movie projector|projector]] aperture dimensions, all of which need to be defined for photography as well as projection, as they may differ.
== Movie film formats ==

{{Further|List of film formats}}
== Motion picture film formats ==
{{Further|List of motion picture film formats}}
* [[35 mm movie film]]<ref name="beyond-monochrome">{{cite book |last1=Lambrecht |first1=Ralph |last2=Woodhouse |first2=Chris |title=Way Beyond Monochrome 2e: Advanced Techniques for Traditional Black & White Photography including digital negatives and hybrid printing |date=2 May 2013 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-136-08749-3 |page=411 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nleUsR78VlgC&dq=%2235mm+film+format%22&pg=PA411 |access-date=15 February 2024 |language=en}}</ref>


==Digital camera formats==
==Digital camera formats==
{{Further|Image sensor format}}
{{Further|Image sensor format}}


== Still photography film formats ==
== Photographic film formats ==
{{Further|List of photographic film formats}}

* [[135 film|35mm film]]<ref name="beyond-monochrome"/>
=== Multiple image ===
{{Refimprove|date=October 2010}}

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Designation{{efn|Unless otherwise noted, all formats were introduced by [[Kodak]], which began allocating the number series in 1913. Before that, films were simply identified by the name of the cameras they were intended for.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.brownie-camera.com/film.shtml |title=The History of Kodak Roll Films |accessdate=January 10, 2016|archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20090222042720/http://brownie-camera.com/film.shtml| archivedate= February 22, 2009}}</ref>}}
! Type
! Introduced
! Discontinued
! Image size
! Exposures
! Comment
|-
|101
|[[roll film]]
|1895
|1956
|3½" × 3½"
|
|
|-
|102
|roll film
|1896
|1933
|1½" × 2"
|
|One flange has gear teeth
|-
|103
|roll film
|1896
|1949
|3¾" × 4¾"
|
|
|-
|104
|roll film
|1897
|1949
|4¾" × 3¾"
|
|
|-
|[[120 film#Other similar 6 cm roll films|105]]
|roll film
|1897
|1949
|2¼" × 3¼"
|
|Like 120 film with 116-size flanges
|-
|106
|for roll holder
|1898
|1924
|3½" × 3½"
|
|Roll holder films were wound inside out
|-
|107
|for roll holder
|1898
|1924
|3¼" × 4¼"
|
|
|-
|108
|for roll holder
|1898
|1929
|4¼" × 3¼"
|
|
|-
|109
|for roll holder
|1898
|1924
|4" × 5"
|
|
|-
|{{anchor|110roll}}110<br/><small>(early roll film)</small>
|for roll holder
|1898
|1929
|5" × 4"
|
|No relation to the later 110 cartridge format.
|-
|[[110 film|110]]<br/><small>("Pocket&nbsp;Instamatic")</small>
|cartridge
|1972
|Present<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lomography.com/about/faq/3937-110-what-is-110-film|title=What is 110 film?|date=2012-05-16|website=lomography.com|access-date=2015-09-14}}</ref>
|13 × 17&nbsp;mm
|
| 16&nbsp;mm stock, registration perforated<br>Introduced with Kodak's "Pocket Instamatic" series<br>Daylight, Transparency, Black & White
|-
|111
|for roll holder
|1898
|Unknown
|6½" × 4¾"
|
|
|-
|112
|for roll holder
|1898
|1924
|7" × 5"
|
|
|-
|113
|for roll holder
|1898
|Unknown
|9 × 12&nbsp;cm
|
|
|-
|114
|for roll holder
|1898
|Unknown
|12 × 9&nbsp;cm
|
|
|-
|115
|roll film
|1898
|1949
|6¾" × 4¾"
|
|
|-
|116
|roll film
|1899
|1984
|2½" × 4¼"
|
|Like 616 film with wider flanges
|-
|[[120 film#Other similar 6 cm roll films|117]]
|roll film
|1900
|1949
|2¼" × 2¼"
|12
|Like 620 spool with 120 keyslot
|-
|118
|roll film
|1900
|1961
|3¼" × 4¼"
|
|3.474" spool
|-
|119
|roll film
|1900
|1940
|4¼" × 3¼"
|
|
|-
|[[120 film|120]]
|roll film
|1901
|Present
|2¼" × 3¼"<br>6&nbsp;cm × 7&nbsp;cm<br>2¼" × 2¼"<br>2¼" × 1⅝"
|8<br>10<br>12-13<br>15-16
|2.4 inch (60.96&nbsp;mm) stock, unperforated, paper-backed
|-
|121
|roll film
|1902
|1941
|1⅝" × 2½"
|
|
|-
|122
|roll film
|1903
|1971
|3¼" × 5½"
|6 or 10
|Postcard format
|-
|123
|roll film
|1904
|1949
|4" × 5"
|
|
|-
|124
|roll film
|1905
|1961
|3¼" × 4¼"
|
|3.716" spool - same picture size as 118 with longer spool
|-
|125
|roll film
|1905
|1949
|3¼" × 5½"
|
|like 122 on longer spool; also for stereo pairs, 3¼" × 2½" x 2
|-
|{{anchor|126roll}}126<br/><small>(early roll film)</small>
|roll film
|1906
|1949
|4¼" × 6½"
|
|No relation to the 126 cartridge format introduced in 1963.
|-
|[[126 film|126]]<br/><small>("Instamatic")</small>
|cartridge
|1963
|2008
|26.5 × 26.5&nbsp;mm
|12, 20 (later 24)
| 35&nbsp;mm stock, registration perforated<br>Introduced with first "Instamatic" cameras under the name "Kodapak"
|-
|[[127 film|127]]
|roll film
|1912
|Present
|1⅝" × 2½"<br>1⅝" × 1⅝"<br>1⅝" × 1¼"
|8<br>12<br>16
| 46&nbsp;mm stock, "Vest Pocket"
|-
|128
|roll film
|1912
|1941
|1½" × 2¼"
|
|for Houghton Ensignette #E1<ref>{{cite web|title=The Ensignette Camera|url=http://www.ensign.demon.co.uk/ensignette.htm|accessdate=19 October 2011}}</ref>
|-
|129
|roll film
|1912
|1951
|1⅞" × 3"
|
|for Houghton Ensignette #E2
|-
|130
|roll film
|1916
|1961
|2⅞" × 4⅞"
|
|
|-
|[[135 film|135]]
|cartridge
|1934
|Present
|24&nbsp;×&nbsp;36&nbsp;mm
|24 or 36
|35&nbsp;mm stock, double perforated<br>formerly available in 12, 20, or 72 exposures<ref>{{cite web|title=Ilford History and Chronology|url=http://www.photomemorabilia.co.uk/Ilford/Chronology.html|accessdate=20 June 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[120 film|220]]
|roll film
|1965
|Present
|2¼" × 3¼"<br>6&nbsp;cm × 7&nbsp;cm<br>2¼" × 2¼"<br>2¼" × 1⅝"
|18<br>21<br>24-27<br>30-33
|2.4 inch (60.96&nbsp;mm) stock, unperforated, no backing paper<br>Twice as long as 120
|-
|[[135 film|235]]
|loading spool
|1934
|Unknown
|24 × 36&nbsp;mm
|
|35&nbsp;mm film in daylight-loading spool
|-
|240 / [[Advanced Photo System|APS]]
|cartridge
|1996
|2011
|30.2 × 16.7&nbsp;mm
|15, 25, or 40
|24&nbsp;mm stock, registration perforated<br>Daylight, Transparency, Black & White (Chromogenic 400CN)
|-
|[[135 film|335]]
|stereo pairs
|1952
|Unknown
|24 × 24&nbsp;mm
|20 pairs
|Special length for [[Stereo Realist|Realist]] format stereo pairs
|-
|[[135 film|435]]
|loading spool
|1934
|Unknown
|24 × 36&nbsp;mm
|
|35&nbsp;mm film in daylight-loading spool
|-
|50
|for roll holder
|1915
|March 1941
|3¼" × 2¼"
|
|for Graflex rollholder
|-
|51
|for roll holder
|1915
|Feb. 1951
|4¼" × 3¼"
|
|for Graflex rollholder
|-
|52
|for roll holder
|1915
|March 1949
|5½" × 3¼"
|
|for Graflex rollholder
|-
|53
|for roll holder
|1915
|Feb. 1951
|5" × 4"
|
|for Graflex rollholder
|-
|54
|for roll holder
|1915
|March 1949
|7" × 5"
|
|for Graflex rollholder
|-
|500
|film pack
|1911
|1948
|1¾" × 2⅜"
|12
|redefined 1921 as 1⅝ x 2⁷/₁₆
|-
|515
|film pack
|1905
|1955
|5" × 7"
|12
|
|-
|516
|film pack
|1909
|1955
|2½" × 4¼"
|12
|
|-
|518
|film pack
|1903
|1976
|3¼" × 4¼"
|12 sheets
|
|-
|520
|film pack
|1906
|1976
|2¼" × 3¼"
|16 sheets
|
|-
|522
|film pack
|1904
|1955
|3¼" × 5½"
|12 sheets
|3A postcard
|-
|523
|film pack
|1904
|
|4" × 5"
|12 sheets
|
|-
|526
|film pack
|1920
|1941
|4¾ × 6½"
|
|
|-
|531
|film pack
|1926
|1941
|2⁹/₃₂ × 5¹¹/₃₂
|
|6&nbsp;cm × 13&nbsp;cm
|-
|540
|film pack
|1920
|1941
|1¾ × 4¼
|
|
|-
|541
|film pack
|1920
|1941
|3½ × 4¾
|12
|9&nbsp;cm × 12&nbsp;cm
|-
|542
|film pack
|1911
|1948
|3 × 5¼
|
|7.5&nbsp;cm × 13.5&nbsp;cm
|-
|543
|film pack
|1920
|1948
|3¾ × 5½
|12
|10&nbsp;cm × 15&nbsp;cm
|-
|[[616 film|616]]
|roll film
|1931
|1984
|2½" × 4¼" or 2½" × 2⅛"
|6, later 8
|Similar to 116 film but on a thinner spool
|-
|[[120 film#Other similar 6 cm roll films|620]]
|roll film
|1932
|1995
|
|
|Similar to 120 film but on a thinner spool
|-
|[[828 film|828]]
|roll film
|1935
|1985
|28 × 40&nbsp;mm,
|8
|35mm, one perforation per frame ''Bantam''
|-
|35
|roll film
|1916
|1933
|1¼" × 1¾"
|
|35&nbsp;mm stock, unperforated
|-
|00 UniveX
|roll film
|1933
|
|1½" × 1⅛"
|6
|made by [[Gevaert]]
|-
|Hit (a.k.a. Mycro)
|roll film
|1937
|unknown
|14 × 14&nbsp;mm
|10 <ref>{{cite web|title=Reloading Hit Cameras|url=http://www.subclub.org/darkroom/roll17mm.htm|accessdate=23 October 2011}}</ref>
|17.5&nbsp;mm stock; used in imported miniature toy cameras <ref>{{cite web|title=17.5mm or "Hit" Style Cameras|url=http://submin.com/17.5mm/collection/introduction.htm#17.5mm%20or%20Hit%20Style%20Cameras|accessdate=23 October 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Disc film|Disc]]
|cassette
|1982
|1998
|8&nbsp;×&nbsp;11&nbsp;mm
|15
|circular sheet of film attached to rigid carrier
|-
|[[Half-frame camera|Half-frame]]
|cartridge
|later than 1934
|Present
|18&nbsp;×&nbsp;24&nbsp;mm
|48 or 72
|[[135 film]] in "half-frame" cameras
|-
|[[Minox]]
|cartridge
|1938
|Present
|8 × 11&nbsp;mm
|15, 36 or 50
|nominally 9.5&nbsp;mm wide stock (in reality 9.2-9.3&nbsp;mm)
|-
|Karat
|cartridge
|1936
|1963
|
|
|Early [[Agfa-Gevaert|AGFA]] cartridge for 35&nbsp;mm film
|-
|Rapid
|cartridge
|1964
|1990s
|
| 12
|[[Agfa-Gevaert|AGFA]] cartridge for 35&nbsp;mm film (replaced Karat, same system)
|-
|SL
|cartridge
|1958
|1990
|24 × 36&nbsp;mm<br>24 × 24&nbsp;mm<br>18 × 24&nbsp;mm
|12<br>16<br>24
|[[Orwo]] ''Schnell-Lade Kassette'' for 35&nbsp;mm film
|-
|Kassette 16
|cartridge
|1978
|1990s
|13 × 17&nbsp;mm
| 20
|[[Orwo]], 16&nbsp;mm stock, central perforation (holes between frames)<br>Introduced exclusively for the Pentacon k16 camera
|-
|Super 16 (Rollei)
|cartridge
|1963
|1981
|13 × 17&nbsp;mm
| 18
|[[Rollei]], 16&nbsp;mm stock, perforation on both edges?<br>with kino film (?) only by Rollei for the Rollei 16 camera; also Wirgin Edixa 16 (Franka / alka 16)
|-
|Minolta-16
|cartridge
|1955
|1974
|10 × 14&nbsp;mm (orig) & 13 × 17
|20
|[[Minolta]], 16&nbsp;mm stock, originally double perforated (single perforated or unperforated film could be loaded), later single perf to allow larger 13 × 17&nbsp;mm image
|}
{{notes}}

''For roll holder'' means film for cartridge roll holders, allowing [[roll film]] to be used with cameras designed to use glass plates. These were spooled with the emulsion facing outward, rather than inward as in film designed for native roll-film cameras. Types 106 to 114 were for [[George Eastman|Eastman]]-[[William H. Walker|Walker]] rollholders, while types 50 to 54 were for [[Graflex]] rollholders.

The primary reason there were so many different negative formats in the early days was that prints were made by [[contact print|contact]], without use of an [[enlarger]]. The film format would thus be exactly the same as the size of the print—so if you wanted large prints, you would have to use a large camera and corresponding film format.

=== Roll film cross-reference table ===

Before WWII, each film manufacturer used its own system of numbering for the various sizes of rollfilms they made. The following sortable table shows the corresponding numbers. A blank space means that manufacturer did not make film in that size. Two numbers in one box refers to films available with different numbers of exposures, usually 6 and either 10 or 12. Spool length is measured between inner faces of the flanges; several films of the same image size were available on different spools to fit different cameras.

{|class="wikitable sortable sortable"
|-
! Eastman !! AGFA !! Ansco !! Ensign !! Vulcan !! Seneca !! Rexo !! Spool<br>length
|-
|101
|H6
|8A, 8B
|3½ inch
|202
|303
|
|3.661"
|-
|102
|
|1B
|1½ inch
|204
|
|
|1.655"
|-
|103
|K6
|10A, 10B
|4 inch
|206
|
|
|3.912"
|-
|104
|L6
|12A, 12B
|5 inch
|208
|
|
|5.064"
|-
|105
|C6
|5A, 5B
|2¼ inch C
|210
|315
|
|2.509"
|-
|115
|
|13A, 13B
|7 inch
|230
|
|
|7.126"
|-
|116
|D6
|6A, 6B
|2½ inch
|232
|348
|425, 426
|2.814"
|-
|117
|B1
|3A
|2¼ inch A
|234
|
|
|2.470"
|-
|118
|E6
|7A, 7B
|3¼ inch
|236
|354
|430, 431
|3.474"
|-
|119
|
|11A, 11B
|4¼ inch
|238
|
|
|4.490"
|-
|120
|B2
|4A
|2¼ inch B
|240
|360
|415
|2.466"
|-
|121
|AB6
|2A, 2B
|1⅝ inch
|242
|
|
|1.850"
|-
|122
|G6, G10
|18A, 18B
|3¼ inch A
|244
|366
|445, 446
|3.715"
|-
|123
|J6
|10C, 10D
|4 inch A
|246
|
|
|4.693"
|-
|124
|F6
|7C, 7D
|3¼ inch B
|248
|372
|435
|3.716"
|-
|125
|
|18C, 18D
|3¼ inch C
|250
|375
|
|3.912"
|-
|126
|
|19A
|4¼ inch A
|252
|
|
|4.898"
|-
|127
|A8
|2C
|Ensignette 1J
|254
|381
|407
|1.860"
|-
|128
|O6
|
|Ensignette 1
|
|
|
|1.606"
|-
|129
|N6
|
|Ensignette 2
|
|
|
|2.059"
|-
|130
|M6
|26A, 26B
|2⅞ inch
|260
|390
|436, 438
|3.132"
|-
|616
|PD16
|
|
|
|
|
|2.814"
|-
|620
|PB20
|
|
|
|
|
|2.468"
|}

=== Single image ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Size (in inches) !! Type
|-
| 1⅝×2⅛||"sixteenth-plate" [[tintype]]s
|-
| 2×2½||"ninth-plate" tintypes
|-
| 2×3||[[sheet film]]
|-
| 2¼×3¼||[[sheet film]]
|-
| 2½×3½||"sixth-plate" tintypes
|-
| 3×4||sheet film
|-
| 3⅛×4⅛||"quarter-plate" tintypes
|-
| 3¼×4¼||sheet film,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://people.rit.edu/andpph/pf-faq/faq-23.html | title=Speed Graphic FAQ file | publisher=Rochester Institute of Technology | accessdate=August 11, 2015}}</ref> "quarter-plate" [[Photographic plate|glass plates]]
|-
| 3¼×5½||postcard or 3A
|-
| 4×5||glass plate,sheet film
|-
| 4×10||sheet film
|-
| 4¼×5½||"half-plate" tintypes
|-
| 4¾×6½||"half-plate" glass plates, sheet film
|-
| 5×7||sheet film
|-
| 6½×8½||"whole-plate" glass plates, sheet film, tintypes
|-
| 7×17||sheet film
|-
| 8×10||glass plates,sheet film
|-
| 8×20||sheet film
|-
| 11×14||sheet film
|-
| 12×20||sheet film
|-
| 14×17||sheet film
|-
| 16×20||sheet film
|-
| 20×24||sheet film
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Size (in cm) !! Type
|-
| 6.5 × 9 || sheet film
|-
| 9 × 12 || glass plate, sheet film
|-
| 10 × 15 || sheet film
|-
| 13 × 18 || sheet film
|-
| 18 × 24 || sheet film
|-
| 24 × 30 || sheet film
|}

=== Instant film ===
{{Main|Instant film}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Designation
! Type
! Introduced
! Discontinued
! Image size
! Exposures
|-
| Type 20 || [[Polaroid Corporation|Polaroid]] roll film cartridge || 1965 || ? || 2 1/8" × 2 7/8" || 8
|-
| Type 30 || Polaroid roll film cartridge || 1954 || ? || 2 1/8" × 2 7/8" || 8
|-
| Type 40 || Polaroid roll film cartridge || 1948 || 1992 || 2 7/8" × 3 3/4" || 6 or 8
|-
| Type 80 || Polaroid peel-apart film pack || 1971 || 2006 || 2 3/4" × 2 7/8" || 8 or 10
|-
| Type 100 || Polaroid peel-apart film pack || 1963 || – || 2 7/8" × 3 3/4" || 8, 10 or 11
|-
| [[Polaroid SX-70|SX-70]]<br>Type 600 || Polaroid integral film pack || 1972 || – || 3 1/8" × 3 1/8" || 8 or 10
|-
| Spectra<br>Type 700<br>Type 1200 || Polaroid integral film pack || 1986 || – || 3 5/8" × 2 7/8" || 10 or 12
|-
| Captiva<br>Type 500 || Polaroid integral film pack || 1993 || 2006 || 2 7/8" × 2 1/8" || 10
|-
| [[i-Zone]]<br>Pocket || Polaroid integral film pack || 1997 || 2004 || 36&nbsp;mm × 24&nbsp;mm || 12
|-
| [[Instax]] Mini<br>Mio<br>Type 300 || Fuji/Polaroid integral film pack || ? || – || 46&nbsp;mm × 62&nbsp;mm || 10
|-
| Instax Wide || Fuji integral film pack || ? || – || 99&nbsp;mm × 62&nbsp;mm || 10
|}
Film types SX-70, 600 and 700 discontinued by Polaroid in 2008, reintroduced by [[Impossible Project]] in 2010. Colour film of Type 100, discontinued by Polaroid in 2008, as of February 2016 is still produced by [[Fujifilm]] (called FP-100C).


== See also ==
== See also ==
*[[Film base]]
*[[Film base]]
*[[Film stock]]
*[[Keykode]]
*[[Keykode]]
*[[Large format (photography)|Large format]]
*[[Large format]]
*[[Medium format (film)|Medium format]]
*[[Medium format (film)|Medium format]]
*[[Microform]]
*[[Microform]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}

<references />


==External links==
==External links==
*{{dmoz|Arts/Movies/Filmmaking/Film_Formats/|Film Formats}}
*[http://www.filmmaking-careers.com/hdtv.html Film Formats and HDTV]
*[http://www.filmmaking-careers.com/hdtv.html Film Formats and HDTV]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20141109205532/http://film-center.com/formats.html Table of Film formats Archive] by Mark Baldock
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141109205532/http://film-center.com/formats.html Table of Film formats Archive] by Mark Baldock
*[http://www.zerocut.com/tech/formats.html A comparison of large scale film formats]
*[http://www.nwmangum.com/Kodak/FilmHist.html Kodak roll films starting with 101]
*[http://www.nwmangum.com/Kodak/FilmHist.html Kodak roll films starting with 101]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20040409010046/http://members.aol.com/Chuck02178/film.htm The history of Kodak roll films]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040409010046/http://members.aol.com/Chuck02178/film.htm The history of Kodak roll films]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20061031000010/http://medfmt.8k.com/bronfilms.html Classic camera film sizes, sources, and film adapters, with spool dimensions]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061031000010/http://medfmt.8k.com/bronfilms.html Classic camera film sizes, sources, and film adapters, with spool dimensions]
*[http://www.digitalfoto-berlin.de/archiv/filme/filme-rapid.htm AGFA Rapid]
*[http://www.kodak.com/global/en/consumer/products/techInfo/aa13/aa13.shtml History of Kodak cameras]
*[http://www.rwhirled.com/landlist/landfilm.htm All about Land (Polaroid) instant film formats]
*[http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/ American Widescreen Museum]
*[http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/ American Widescreen Museum]
*[http://www.sparetimelabs.com/animato/animato/filmhist/filmhist.html Sub-35mm movie film formats history webpage]
*[http://www.sparetimelabs.com/animato/animato/filmhist/filmhist.html Sub-35&nbsp;mm movie film formats history webpage]
*[http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/1_early/1_early_photography_-_sizes.htm Plate and tintype sizes]
*[http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/1_early/1_early_photography_-_sizes.htm Plate and tintype sizes]
*[http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/filmsize.html Michael Rogge's brief history of film formats]
*[http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/filmsize.html Michael Rogge's brief history of film formats]

Latest revision as of 03:46, 8 March 2024

A cartridge of Kodak 35 mm (135) film for cameras.

A film format is a technical definition of a set of standard characteristics regarding image capture on photographic film for still images or film stock for filmmaking. It can also apply to projected film, either slides or movies. The primary characteristic of a film format is its size and shape.

In the case of motion picture film, the format sometimes includes audio parameters. Other characteristics usually include the film gauge, pulldown method, lens anamorphosis (or lack thereof), and film gate or projector aperture dimensions, all of which need to be defined for photography as well as projection, as they may differ.

Motion picture film formats

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Further information: List of motion picture film formats

Digital camera formats

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Further information: Image sensor format

Photographic film formats

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Further information: List of photographic film formats

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Lambrecht, Ralph; Woodhouse, Chris (2 May 2013). Way Beyond Monochrome 2e: Advanced Techniques for Traditional Black & White Photography including digital negatives and hybrid printing. Taylor & Francis. p. 411. ISBN 978-1-136-08749-3. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
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