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{{Short description|German humanist and classical scholar (1532–1576)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Wilhelm Xylander
| name = Wilhelm Xylander
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| alt =
| alt =
| caption = Engraving from ''Bibliotheca chalcographica''
| caption = Engraving from ''Bibliotheca chalcographica''
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1532|12|26}}
| birth_date = 26 December 1532
| birth_place = [[Augsburg]]
| birth_place = [[Augsburg]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1576|2|10|1532|12|26}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1576|2|10|1532|12|26}}
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| nationality = [[Germans|German]]
| nationality = [[Germans|German]]
| other_names = Guilielmus Xylander, Wilhelm Holtzmann
| other_names = Guilielmus Xylander, Wilhelm Holtzmann
| known_for = First translation of ''[[Meditations]]'' by [[Marcus Aurelius]] into Latin
| known_for = ''[[List of editiones principes in Greek|Editio princeps]]'' of ''[[Meditations]]'' by [[Marcus Aurelius]]
| occupation = Arts Professor
| occupation = Arts Professor
}}
}}


'''Wilhelm Xylander''' (born '''Wilhelm Holtzman''', graecized to Xylander; 26 December 1532{{snd}}10 February 1576) was a [[Germany|German]] classical scholar and [[humanism|humanist]]. He served as rector of [[Heidelberg University]] in 1564.<ref>{{cite book |last=Drüll |first=Dagmar |date=2002 |title=Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1386-1651 |url= |location=Berlin |publisher=Springer |pages=562–3 |isbn=3540435301 |author-link= }}</ref>
'''Wilhelm Xylander''' (born '''Wilhelm Holtzman''', graecized to Xylander; 26 December 1532{{snd}}10 February 1576) was a German classical scholar and [[humanism|humanist]]. He served as rector of [[Heidelberg University]] in 1564.<ref>{{cite book |last=Drüll |first=Dagmar |date=2002 |title=Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1386-1651 |location=Berlin |publisher=Springer |pages=562–3 |isbn=3540435301 }}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
Born at [[Augsburg]], he studied at [[university of Tübingen|Tübingen]], and in 1558, when very short of money (caused, according to some, by his intemperate habits), he was appointed to succeed [[Jacob Micyllus|Jakob Micyllus]] in the professorship of [[Greek language|Greek]] at the [[University of Heidelberg]]; he exchanged it for a chair of [[logic]] (''publicus organi Aristotelici interpres'') in 1562.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Xylander, Guilielmus|volume=28|page=889}}</ref>
Born at [[Augsburg]], he studied at [[university of Tübingen|Tübingen]], and in 1558, when very short of money (caused, according to some, by his intemperate habits), he was appointed to succeed [[Jacob Micyllus|Jakob Micyllus]] in the professorship of [[Greek language|Greek]] at the [[University of Heidelberg]]; he exchanged it for a chair of [[logic]] (''publicus organi Aristotelici interpres'') in 1562.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Xylander, Guilielmus|volume=28|page=889}}</ref>


In Heidelberg church and university politics, Xylander was a close partisan of [[Thomas Erastus]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gunnoe |first=Charles |date=2011 |title=Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate: A Renaissance Physician in the Second Reformation |url= |location=Leiden |publisher=Brill |page=201 |isbn=9789004187924 |author-link= }}</ref>
In Heidelberg church and university politics, Xylander was a close partisan of [[Thomas Erastus]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Gunnoe |first=Charles |date=2011 |title=Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate: A Renaissance Physician in the Second Reformation |location=Leiden |publisher=Brill |page=201 |isbn=9789004187924 }}</ref>


Xylander was the author of a number of important works, including [[Latin]] translations of [[Dio Cassius]] (1558), [[Plutarch]] (1560–1570) and [[Strabo]] (1571). He also edited (1568) the geographical [[lexicon]] of [[Stephanus of Byzantium]]; the travels of [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] (completed after his death by [[Friedrich Sylburg]], 1583); the ''[[Meditations]]'' of [[Marcus Aurelius]] (1558), the ''[[editio princeps]]'' based on a Heidelberg manuscript now lost; a second edition in 1568 with the addition of [[Antoninus Liberalis]], [[Phlegon of Tralles]], an unknown [[Apollonius (disambiguation)|Apollonius]], and [[Antigonus of Carystus]]—all [[Paradoxography|paradoxographers]]); and the chronicle of [[George Cedrenus]] (1566). He translated the first six books of [[Euclid]] into [[German language|German]] with notes, the ''Arithmetica'' of [[Diophantus]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XSV0hDFj3loC&pg=PA31|author=Weil, André|authorlink=André Weil|title=Number Theory: An approach through history from Hammurapi to Legendre|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2006|page=31}}</ref> and the ''De quattuor mathematicis scientiis'' of [[Michael Psellus]] into Latin.<ref name="EB1911"/>
Xylander was the author of a number of important works, including [[Latin]] translations of [[Dio Cassius]] (1558), [[Plutarch]] (1560–1570) and [[Strabo]] (1571). He also edited (1568) the geographical [[lexicon]] of [[Stephanus of Byzantium]]; the travels of [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] (completed after his death by [[Friedrich Sylburg]], 1583); the ''[[Meditations]]'' of [[Marcus Aurelius]] (1558), the ''[[editio princeps]]'' based on a Heidelberg manuscript now lost; a second edition in 1568 with the addition of [[Antoninus Liberalis]], [[Phlegon of Tralles]], an unknown [[Apollonius (disambiguation)|Apollonius]], and [[Antigonus of Carystus]]—all [[Paradoxography|paradoxographers]]; and the chronicle of [[George Cedrenus]] (1566). He translated the first six books of [[Euclid]] into [[German language|German]] with notes, the ''Arithmetica'' of [[Diophantus]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XSV0hDFj3loC&pg=PA31|author=Weil, André|author-link=André Weil|title=Number Theory: An approach through history from Hammurapi to Legendre|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=2006|page=31|isbn=9780817645656}}</ref> and the ''De quattuor mathematicis scientiis'' of [[Michael Psellus]] into Latin.<ref name="EB1911"/>

He died on 10 February 1576 in Heidelberg.<ref>{{cite book |last= Ball |first= W. W. Rouse |author-link= |date= 27 April 2012|title= A Short Account of the History of Mathematics| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Tfa7AQAAQBAJ|access-date= 20 March 2022|location= North Chelmsford, Massachusetts | publisher= Courier Corporation| page= NA| isbn= 978-0-486-15784-9}}</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
*[http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb10169588_00001.html Marcus Aurelius, ''De seipso, seu vita sua, libri 12''] ed. and trans. by Xylander. Zurich: Andreas Gessner, 1558.
*[https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10169588?page=1 Marcus Aurelius, ''De seipso, seu vita sua, libri 12''] ed. and trans. by Xylander. Zurich: Andreas Gessner, 1558.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:German classical scholars]]
[[Category:German classical scholars]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:Heidelberg University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Heidelberg University]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin]]
[[Category:Greek–Latin translators]]
[[Category:Greek–Latin translators]]

Latest revision as of 23:29, 9 March 2024

Wilhelm Xylander
Engraving from Bibliotheca chalcographica
Born26 December 1532
Augsburg
Died10 February 1576(1576-02-10) (aged 43)
Heidelberg
NationalityGerman
Other namesGuilielmus Xylander, Wilhelm Holtzmann
OccupationArts Professor
Known forEditio princeps of Meditations by Marcus Aurelius

Wilhelm Xylander (born Wilhelm Holtzman, graecized to Xylander; 26 December 1532 – 10 February 1576) was a German classical scholar and humanist. He served as rector of Heidelberg University in 1564.[1]

Biography

[edit]

Born at Augsburg, he studied at Tübingen, and in 1558, when very short of money (caused, according to some, by his intemperate habits), he was appointed to succeed Jakob Micyllus in the professorship of Greek at the University of Heidelberg; he exchanged it for a chair of logic (publicus organi Aristotelici interpres) in 1562.[2]

In Heidelberg church and university politics, Xylander was a close partisan of Thomas Erastus.[3]

Xylander was the author of a number of important works, including Latin translations of Dio Cassius (1558), Plutarch (1560–1570) and Strabo (1571). He also edited (1568) the geographical lexicon of Stephanus of Byzantium; the travels of Pausanias (completed after his death by Friedrich Sylburg, 1583); the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius (1558), the editio princeps based on a Heidelberg manuscript now lost; a second edition in 1568 with the addition of Antoninus Liberalis, Phlegon of Tralles, an unknown Apollonius, and Antigonus of Carystus—all paradoxographers; and the chronicle of George Cedrenus (1566). He translated the first six books of Euclid into German with notes, the Arithmetica of Diophantus,[4] and the De quattuor mathematicis scientiis of Michael Psellus into Latin.[2]

He died on 10 February 1576 in Heidelberg.[5]

Works

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Drüll, Dagmar (2002). Heidelberger Gelehrtenlexikon 1386-1651. Berlin: Springer. pp. 562–3. ISBN 3540435301.
  2. ^ a b  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Xylander, Guilielmus". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 889.
  3. ^ Gunnoe, Charles (2011). Thomas Erastus and the Palatinate: A Renaissance Physician in the Second Reformation. Leiden: Brill. p. 201. ISBN 9789004187924.
  4. ^ Weil, André (2006). Number Theory: An approach through history from Hammurapi to Legendre. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 31. ISBN 9780817645656.
  5. ^ Ball, W. W. Rouse (27 April 2012). A Short Account of the History of Mathematics. North Chelmsford, Massachusetts: Courier Corporation. p. NA. ISBN 978-0-486-15784-9. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
[edit]

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