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{{Short description|Species of palm}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|image = Coccothrinax argentata Florida Keys.jpg
|image = Coccothrinax argentata Florida Keys.jpg
|image_caption = ''Coccothrinax argentata'', [[Bahia Honda Key]], [[Monroe County, Florida]]
|image_caption = ''Coccothrinax argentata'', [[Bahia Honda Key]], [[Monroe County, Florida]]
|status = G4 | status_system = TNC
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=Carrero, C. |date=2021 |title=''Coccothrinax argentata'' |volume=2021 |page=e.T67534749A67534752 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T67534749A67534752.en |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|status2 = G4
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|status2_system = TNC
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|status2_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.152156/Coccothrinax_argentata |website=explorer.natureserve.org |access-date=5 November 2022}}</ref>
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
⚫
|genus = Coccothrinax
|ordo = [[Arecales]]
⚫
|species = argentata
|familia = [[Arecaceae]]
|authority = ([[Jacq.]]) [[L.H.Bailey]]<ref name=WCSP_489971/>
⚫
|genus = ''[[Coccothrinax]]''
⚫
}}
⚫
|species = '''''C. argentata'''''
|binomial = ''Coccothrinax argentata''
|binomial_authority = ([[Jacq.]]) [[L.H.Bailey]]<ref name = Kew>{{cite web |url=http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/wcsp/namedetail.do?accepted_id=44377&repSynonym_id=146375&name_id=44377&status=true |title= ''Coccothrinax argentata''|accessdate=2007-01-29 |format= |work= [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]]: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}</ref>
⚫
|}}
'''''Coccothrinax argentata''''' is a [[Arecaceae|palm]] which is native to [[Bahamas]], south [[Florida]] (including the [[Florida Keys]]<ref name = Wunderlin>{{cite book | last = Wunderlin | first = Richard P. | coauthors = Bruce F. Hansen | title = Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida | edition = Second edition | year = 2003 | publisher = University Press of Florida | location = Gainsville | isbn = 0-8130-2632-6 }}</ref>) southeast [[Mexico]] and [[San Andrés and Providencia|San Andrés Island]].<ref name=Henderson>{{cite book |last=Henderson |first=Andrew |authorlink= Andrew Henderson (botanist)|coauthors=[[Gloria Galeano]]; [[Rodrigo Bernal]]|title=Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas |year=1995 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, New Jersey| isbn= 0-691-08537-4 }}</ref> It is a small (2–6 m tall), slow-growing [[fan palm]] with leaves that are dark blue-green above and silver-coloured below.<ref name = ForestService>{{cite web| url = http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/tree_fact_sheets/cocarga.pdf| title = ''Coccothrinax argentata'' Silverpalm| accessdate = 2010-10-08| last = Gilman| first = Edward F.| coauthors = Dennis G. Watson| date = November 1993| work = USDA Forest Service Fact Sheet ST-176}}</ref> Flowers are white and small on light orange branches. The fruits rae globose and half an inch in diameter. They are green turning purple or black when ripe.


'''''Coccothrinax argentata''''', commonly called the '''Florida silver palm''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=coar|taxon=Coccothrinax argentata |accessdate=13 January 2017}}</ref> is a species of [[Arecaceae|palm]] tree. It is native to south [[Florida]], southeast [[Mexico]], [[Colombia]] and to the [[West Indies]], where it is found in the [[Bahamas]], the southwest [[Caribbean]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]]. Its natural habitat is rocky, calcareous soil in coastal [[scrubland]] and [[Tropical hardwood hammock|hammock]] communities.
Common names include: Florida silver palm, Silver palm, Silver thatch palm, Biscayne palm, Palma de plata de Florida, Yuruguana de costa, Palmicha.


==Description==
Bahia Honda State Park is the home to a large stand of the endangered silver palm trees to be found in a nature walk just off of Sandspur Beach. Bahia Honda State Park is located on Bahia Honda Key, Florida between Mile Markers 36 and 37
It is a small (2–6 m tall), slow-growing [[fan palm]] with leaves that are dark blue-green above and silver-coloured below.<ref name = ForestService>{{cite web| url = http://hort.ifas.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/tree_fact_sheets/cocarga.pdf| title = ''Coccothrinax argentata'' Silverpalm| accessdate = 2010-10-08| last = Gilman| first = Edward F.|author2=Dennis G. Watson| date = November 1993| work = USDA Forest Service Fact Sheet ST-176}}</ref> Measurements in [[Fairchild Tropical Garden]] showed an average growth rate of {{convert|12|cm|in}} per year.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.palms.org/palmsjournal/2001/growthrate.htm |title=Growth rates of palms in Fairchild Tropical Garden |journal=Palms |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=151–154 |first1=Scott |last1=Zona |first2=Katherine |last2=Maidman |date=September 2001}}</ref> Flowers are white and small on light orange branches. The fruits are globose and half an inch in diameter. They are initially green and turn purple or black when ripe.


Silver palms in their natural habitat often grow among saw palmetto (''[[Serenoa repens]]'') and cabbage palmetto (''[[Sabal palmetto]]'') which have similar fronds. Silver Palms can be distinguished by its smooth vertical trunk, and its small, crescent-shaped hastula.<ref name=fna/>
The Endangered Florida Key Deer feed on the fruits of the silver top palm.
[[File:Coccothrinax argentata in residential area.jpg|thumb|''Coccothrinax argentata'' can be successfully grown in lawns and gardens]]


==Taxonomy==
Silver Palm Drive, S.W. 232 Street, South of Miami Florida is named for the native Coccothrinax argentata. Bismarck Palms which have a silvery appearance are sometimes misnamed as Silver Palms. Silver Palms in their natural habitat grow among Saw Palmetto which have a similar frond structure. Thus they are sometimes misidenified as palmetto. Silver Palms smooth vertical trunk make them clearly different. Silver Palms successfully grow in lawns and gardens with none of their natural habitat items present.
''Coccothrinax argentata'' was first described in 1803 by [[Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin]] as ''Palma argentata''. It was transferred to the genus ''[[Coccothrinax]]'' by [[Liberty Hyde Bailey]] in 1939.<ref name=WCSP_489971/>

==Distribution and habitat==
''Coccothrinax argentata'' is native to [[Florida]] in the southeastern United States, southeast [[Mexico]], [[Colombia]], and parts of the [[Caribbean]], where it is found in the [[Bahamas]], [[Cuba]], [[Jamaica]], the [[Cayman Islands]], [[Hispaniola]] (in the [[Dominican Republic]]), the southwest Caribbean, including the [[San Andrés and Providencia|Colombian Caribbean islands]],<ref name=Henderson>{{cite book |last1=Henderson |first1=Andrew |authorlink= Andrew Henderson (botanist)|last2=Galeano |first2=Gloria |authorlink2=Gloria Galeano |last3=Bernal |first3=Rodrigo |authorlink3=Rodrigo Bernal|title=Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas |year=1995 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, New Jersey| isbn= 0-691-08537-4 }}</ref> the [[Honduras|Honduran]] [[Bay Islands Department|Bay Islands]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]].<ref name=WCSP_489971/><ref name = Wunderlin>{{cite book | last = Wunderlin | first = Richard P. |author2=Bruce F. Hansen | title = Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida | edition = Second | year = 2003 | publisher = University Press of Florida | location = Gainesville | isbn = 0-8130-2632-6 }}</ref> Its natural habitat is rocky, calcareous soil, including coastal [[scrubland]] and [[Tropical hardwood hammock|hammock]] communities.<ref name=fna>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=222000033 Flora of North America]</ref>

Populations on the [[Atlantic Coastal Ridge]] in [[Southern Florida]] are now recognized as ''Coccothrinax argentata garberi''. This subspecies can be distinguished from ''Coccothrinax argentata argentata'' by shorter petioles and reduced stature.<ref name=fpat>[https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/plant.aspx?id=2170 Atlas of Florida Plants]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://bioone.org/journals/systematic-botany/volume-43/issue-1/036364418X696969/Mainland-and-Island-Populations-of-Coccothrinax-argentata-Arecaceae--Revisiting/10.1600/036364418X696969.short |title=Mainland and Island Populations of Coccothrinax argentata (Arecaceae): Revisiting a Common Garden Experiment in its 18th Year |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=153–161 |first1=Scott |last1=Zona |first2=Michael |last2=Hass |date=April 2018|doi=10.1600/036364418X696969 |s2cid=89888050 }}</ref>

[[Bahia Honda State Park]] in the Florida Keys has one of the largest stands of silver palms in the United States.<ref>[https://www.floridastateparks.org/sites/default/files/Division%20of%20Recreation%20and%20Parks/documents/Bahia%20Honda_7_2014_PRESS.pdf. Bahia Honda State Park, brochure]{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> They can be found on a nature walk just off of Sandspur Beach.

==Ecology==
The endangered [[Key deer]] (''Odocoileus virginianus clavium'') are known to feed on the fruits of the silver palm.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-28 |title=What do Key Deer Eat: |url=https://saveourkeydeer.org/deer-diet/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=Save Our Key Deer |language=en-US}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{reflist}}
<ref name=WCSP_489971>{{cite web |title=''Coccothrinax argentata'' |work=[[World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=https://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?accepted_id=44377&repSynonym_id=146375&name_id=44377&status=true |accessdate=2019-02-25}}</ref>
*IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 13 November 2007.
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2981243}}


[[Category:Coccothrinax|argentata]]
[[Category:Coccothrinax|argentata]]
[[Category:Flora of Florida]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southwest Caribbean]]
[[Category:Flora of Southeastern Mexico]]
[[Category:Flora of the Turks and Caicos Islands]]
[[Category:Trees of the Bahamas]]
[[Category:Trees of the Bahamas]]
[[Category:Trees of Colombia]]
[[Category:Trees of Colombia]]
[[Category:Trees of Florida]]
[[Category:Trees of Northern America]]
[[Category:Trees of Mexico]]
[[Category:Trees of the Dominican Republic]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1804]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1803]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Liberty Hyde Bailey]]


{{tree-stub}}
{{Corypheae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 16:27, 12 March 2024

Coccothrinax argentata
Coccothrinax argentata, Bahia Honda Key, Monroe County, Florida

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Genus: Coccothrinax
Species:
C. argentata
Binomial name
Coccothrinax argentata

Coccothrinax argentata, commonly called the Florida silver palm,[4] is a species of palm tree. It is native to south Florida, southeast Mexico, Colombia and to the West Indies, where it is found in the Bahamas, the southwest Caribbean and the Turks and Caicos Islands. Its natural habitat is rocky, calcareous soil in coastal scrubland and hammock communities.

Description

[edit]

It is a small (2–6 m tall), slow-growing fan palm with leaves that are dark blue-green above and silver-coloured below.[5] Measurements in Fairchild Tropical Garden showed an average growth rate of 12 centimetres (4.7 in) per year.[6] Flowers are white and small on light orange branches. The fruits are globose and half an inch in diameter. They are initially green and turn purple or black when ripe.

Silver palms in their natural habitat often grow among saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) which have similar fronds. Silver Palms can be distinguished by its smooth vertical trunk, and its small, crescent-shaped hastula.[7]

Coccothrinax argentata can be successfully grown in lawns and gardens

Taxonomy

[edit]

Coccothrinax argentata was first described in 1803 by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin as Palma argentata. It was transferred to the genus Coccothrinax by Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1939.[3]

Distribution and habitat

[edit]

Coccothrinax argentata is native to Florida in the southeastern United States, southeast Mexico, Colombia, and parts of the Caribbean, where it is found in the Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, the Cayman Islands, Hispaniola (in the Dominican Republic), the southwest Caribbean, including the Colombian Caribbean islands,[8] the Honduran Bay Islands and the Turks and Caicos Islands.[3][9] Its natural habitat is rocky, calcareous soil, including coastal scrubland and hammock communities.[7]

Populations on the Atlantic Coastal Ridge in Southern Florida are now recognized as Coccothrinax argentata garberi. This subspecies can be distinguished from Coccothrinax argentata argentata by shorter petioles and reduced stature.[10][11]

Bahia Honda State Park in the Florida Keys has one of the largest stands of silver palms in the United States.[12] They can be found on a nature walk just off of Sandspur Beach.

Ecology

[edit]

The endangered Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) are known to feed on the fruits of the silver palm.[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Carrero, C. (2021). "Coccothrinax argentata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T67534749A67534752. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T67534749A67534752.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b c "Coccothrinax argentata". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2019-02-25.
  4. ^ NRCS. "Coccothrinax argentata". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  5. ^ Gilman, Edward F.; Dennis G. Watson (November 1993). "Coccothrinax argentata Silverpalm" (PDF). USDA Forest Service Fact Sheet ST-176. Retrieved 2010-10-08.
  6. ^ Zona, Scott; Maidman, Katherine (September 2001). "Growth rates of palms in Fairchild Tropical Garden". Palms. 45 (3): 151–154.
  7. ^ a b Flora of North America
  8. ^ Henderson, Andrew; Galeano, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (1995). Field Guide to the Palms of the Americas. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08537-4.
  9. ^ Wunderlin, Richard P.; Bruce F. Hansen (2003). Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida (Second ed.). Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 0-8130-2632-6.
  10. ^ Atlas of Florida Plants
  11. ^ Zona, Scott; Hass, Michael (April 2018). "Mainland and Island Populations of Coccothrinax argentata (Arecaceae): Revisiting a Common Garden Experiment in its 18th Year". Systematic Botany. 43 (1): 153–161. doi:10.1600/036364418X696969. S2CID 89888050.
  12. ^ Bahia Honda State Park, brochure[permanent dead link‍]
  13. ^ "What do Key Deer Eat:". Save Our Key Deer. 2017-08-28. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
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