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{{Infobox royalty
{{unreferenced|date=February 2010}}
| name = Prusias II "The Hunter"
{{Unreferenced stub|auto=yes|date=December 2009}}
| succession = [[King]] of [[Bithynia]]
'''Prusias II Cynegus''' ("the Hunter", c. 182 BC 149 BC) was the king of [[Bithynia]]. He was the son and successor of [[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] and [[Apama III]].
| image = Dinastia attalide di pergamo, prusias I e II, tetradracma della bitinia, 228-182 ac o 182-149 ac ca.JPG
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Prusias II, depicted on ancient Greek coins in the Altes Museum Berlin
| reign = 182 – 149 BC
| native_lang1 = Greek
| native_lang1_name1 = {{lang|grc|Προυσίας}}
| birth_date = c. 220 BC
| birth_place = Bithynia<br />(modern-day [[Turkey]])
| death_date = 149 BC (aged 71)
| death_place = [[Nicomedia]]<br />(modern-day [[İzmit]], [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]], [[Turkey]])
| predecessor = [[Prusias I]]
| successor = [[Nicomedes II]]
| queen = [[Apame IV]]
| royal house =
| father = [[Prusias I]]
| mother = Apama III
| issue = {{plain list|
*[[Nicomedes II]]
*Apama
*Unnamed children by second wife}}
| religion = [[Religion in ancient Greece|Greek Polytheism]]
}}


[[File:Prusias II, King of Bithynia, Reduced to Begging - Google Art Project.jpg|thumbnail|Prusias II, King of Bithynia, Reduced to Begging]]
Prusias joined with King of Pergamon, [[Eumenes II]] in a war against King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] (181–179 BC). He later invaded the territories of [[Pergamon]] (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, and the Pergamenes insisted on heavy reparations. Prusias married his maternal cousin [[Apame IV]], a princess from the [[Antigonid dynasty]], by whom he had a son called [[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]]. He sent his son [[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] to [[Roman Republic|Rome]] to ask their help in reducing the amount of these reparations, but Nicomedes revolted and became King.

'''Prusias II Cynegus''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: Προυσίας ὁ Κυνηγός; "the Hunter", c. 220 BC &ndash; 149 BC, reigned c. 182 BC &ndash; 149 BC) was the Greek king of [[Bithynia]]. He was the son and successor of [[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] and [[Apama III]].

==Life==
Prusias was born to [[Prusias I]] and [[Apama III]] in 220 BC. His father died in 189 BC,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Memnon|title=History of Heraclea Pontica|url=http://www.attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html#19}}</ref> at which point he became the king of Bithynia. Prusias II joined with the king of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes II]] in a war against King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] (181–179 BC).<ref>{{cite book|title=Oxford Reference|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001/acref-9780199545568-e-5398}}</ref> He later invaded the territories of [[Pergamon]] (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, with Pergamon insisting on heavy reparations, including 500 talents and "twenty decked ships".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/|quote=The ambassadors decided that as a penalty he must transfer to Attalus twenty decked ships at once, and pay him 500 talents of silver within a certain time.}}</ref>

Prusias II married his maternal cousin [[Apame IV]], a sister of [[Perseus of Macedon]] and a princess from the [[Antigonid dynasty]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/|quote= to whom Perseus, king of Macedonia, gave his sister in marriage}}</ref> by whom he had a son, Nicomedes II, and a daughter, Apama, who would marry Dyegilos,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote= his son-in-law, Diegylis the Thracian}}</ref> son of [[Cotys IV]], King of [[Thrace]], and his wife, Semestra.

Prusias II was honoured by the [[Aetolian League]] with a [[Monument of Prusias II|stele at Delphi]] on account of his behavior and benefactions towards them.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum: 632 Pontica|url=http://www.attalus.org/docs/sig2/s632.html
|quote=The league of Aetolians honours king Prousias son of king Prousias on account of his virtue and his benefactions towards them.}}</ref>

Towards the end of his life, Prusias II had children by a later wife, and wanted to make them his heirs in place of Nicomedes.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#4}}</ref> He sent Nicomedes to Rome to ask its help in reducing the amount of these reparations, and directed the co-ambassador, Menas, to kill Nicomedes if the mission was unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#4|quote= He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.}}</ref> Despite the failure of the mission, Nicomedes persuaded Menas to betray Prusias, and Nicomedes declared himself king.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#5}}</ref> Prusias had to renounce the kingship in favour of his son and was himself murdered in 149 BC.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote=Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{Start box}}
{{Start box}}
{{Succession box |
{{Succession box |
title=[[List of Kings of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]] |
title=[[List of rulers of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]] |
before=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] |
before=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] |
after=[[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] |
after=[[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] |
years=182 BC – 149 BC}}
years=182 BC – 149 BC}}
{{End box}}
{{End box}}
{{Hellenistic rulers}}


{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prusias 02 Of Bithynia}}

[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:149 BC deaths]]
[[Category:149 BC deaths]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC rulers]]
[[Category:Monarchs of Bithynia]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Kings of Bithynia]]



{{MEast-royal-stub}}
{{MEast-royal-stub}}

[[ca:Prúsies II]]
[[da:Prusias 2. af Bithynien]]
[[de:Prusias II.]]
[[el:Προυσίας Β' της Βιθυνίας]]
[[es:Prusias II de Bitinia]]
[[eu:Prusias II.a]]
[[fr:Prusias II]]
[[it:Prusia II]]
[[pl:Prusjasz II]]
[[ru:Прусий II]]
[[sh:Prusija II od Bitinije]]
[[fi:Prusias II]]
[[zh:普魯西阿斯二世]]

Latest revision as of 14:32, 18 March 2024

Prusias II "The Hunter"
Prusias II, depicted on ancient Greek coins in the Altes Museum Berlin
King of Bithynia
Reign182 – 149 BC
PredecessorPrusias I
SuccessorNicomedes II
Bornc. 220 BC
Bithynia
(modern-day Turkey)
Died149 BC (aged 71)
Nicomedia
(modern-day İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey)
ConsortApame IV
Issue
GreekΠρουσίας
FatherPrusias I
MotherApama III
ReligionGreek Polytheism
Prusias II, King of Bithynia, Reduced to Begging

Prusias II Cynegus (Greek: Προυσίας ὁ Κυνηγός; "the Hunter", c. 220 BC – 149 BC, reigned c. 182 BC – 149 BC) was the Greek king of Bithynia. He was the son and successor of Prusias I and Apama III.

Life

[edit]

Prusias was born to Prusias I and Apama III in 220 BC. His father died in 189 BC,[1] at which point he became the king of Bithynia. Prusias II joined with the king of Pergamon, Eumenes II in a war against King Pharnaces I of Pontus (181–179 BC).[2] He later invaded the territories of Pergamon (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, with Pergamon insisting on heavy reparations, including 500 talents and "twenty decked ships".[3]

Prusias II married his maternal cousin Apame IV, a sister of Perseus of Macedon and a princess from the Antigonid dynasty,[4] by whom he had a son, Nicomedes II, and a daughter, Apama, who would marry Dyegilos,[5] son of Cotys IV, King of Thrace, and his wife, Semestra.

Prusias II was honoured by the Aetolian League with a stele at Delphi on account of his behavior and benefactions towards them.[6]

Towards the end of his life, Prusias II had children by a later wife, and wanted to make them his heirs in place of Nicomedes.[7] He sent Nicomedes to Rome to ask its help in reducing the amount of these reparations, and directed the co-ambassador, Menas, to kill Nicomedes if the mission was unsuccessful.[8] Despite the failure of the mission, Nicomedes persuaded Menas to betray Prusias, and Nicomedes declared himself king.[9] Prusias had to renounce the kingship in favour of his son and was himself murdered in 149 BC.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
  2. ^ Oxford Reference.
  3. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. The ambassadors decided that as a penalty he must transfer to Attalus twenty decked ships at once, and pay him 500 talents of silver within a certain time.
  4. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. to whom Perseus, king of Macedonia, gave his sister in marriage
  5. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. his son-in-law, Diegylis the Thracian
  6. ^ Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum: 632 Pontica. The league of Aetolians honours king Prousias son of king Prousias on account of his virtue and his benefactions towards them.
  7. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
  8. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.
  9. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
  10. ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.
Preceded by King of Bithynia
182 BC – 149 BC
Succeeded by