Prusias II of Bithynia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox royalty |
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{{unreferenced|date=February 2010}} |
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| name = Prusias II "The Hunter" |
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{{Unreferenced stub|auto=yes|date=December 2009}} |
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| succession = [[King]] of [[Bithynia]] |
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| image = Dinastia attalide di pergamo, prusias I e II, tetradracma della bitinia, 228-182 ac o 182-149 ac ca.JPG |
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| image_size = 200px |
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| caption = Prusias II, depicted on ancient Greek coins in the Altes Museum Berlin |
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| reign = 182 – 149 BC |
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| native_lang1 = Greek |
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| native_lang1_name1 = {{lang|grc|Προυσίας}} |
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| birth_date = c. 220 BC |
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| birth_place = Bithynia<br />(modern-day [[Turkey]]) |
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| death_date = 149 BC (aged 71) |
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| death_place = [[Nicomedia]]<br />(modern-day [[İzmit]], [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]], [[Turkey]]) |
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| predecessor = [[Prusias I]] |
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| successor = [[Nicomedes II]] |
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| queen = [[Apame IV]] |
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| royal house = |
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| father = [[Prusias I]] |
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| mother = Apama III |
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| issue = {{plain list| |
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*Apama |
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*Unnamed children by second wife}} |
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| religion = [[Religion in ancient Greece|Greek Polytheism]] |
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}} |
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[[File:Prusias II, King of Bithynia, Reduced to Begging - Google Art Project.jpg|thumbnail|Prusias II, King of Bithynia, Reduced to Begging]] |
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Prusias joined with King of Pergamon, [[Eumenes II]] in a war against King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] (181–179 BC). He later invaded the territories of [[Pergamon]] (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, and the Pergamenes insisted on heavy reparations. Prusias married his maternal cousin [[Apame IV]], a princess from the [[Antigonid dynasty]], by whom he had a son called [[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]]. He sent his son [[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] to [[Roman Republic|Rome]] to ask their help in reducing the amount of these reparations, but Nicomedes revolted and became King. |
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==Life== |
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Prusias was born to [[Prusias I]] and [[Apama III]] in 220 BC. His father died in 189 BC,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Memnon|title=History of Heraclea Pontica|url=http://www.attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html#19}}</ref> at which point he became the king of Bithynia. Prusias II joined with the king of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes II]] in a war against King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] (181–179 BC).<ref>{{cite book|title=Oxford Reference|url=http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199545568.001.0001/acref-9780199545568-e-5398}}</ref> He later invaded the territories of [[Pergamon]] (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, with Pergamon insisting on heavy reparations, including 500 talents and "twenty decked ships".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/|quote=The ambassadors decided that as a penalty he must transfer to Attalus twenty decked ships at once, and pay him 500 talents of silver within a certain time.}}</ref> |
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Prusias II married his maternal cousin [[Apame IV]], a sister of [[Perseus of Macedon]] and a princess from the [[Antigonid dynasty]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/|quote= to whom Perseus, king of Macedonia, gave his sister in marriage}}</ref> by whom he had a son, Nicomedes II, and a daughter, Apama, who would marry Dyegilos,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote= his son-in-law, Diegylis the Thracian}}</ref> son of [[Cotys IV]], King of [[Thrace]], and his wife, Semestra. |
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Prusias II was honoured by the [[Aetolian League]] with a [[Monument of Prusias II|stele at Delphi]] on account of his behavior and benefactions towards them.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum: 632 Pontica|url=http://www.attalus.org/docs/sig2/s632.html |
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|quote=The league of Aetolians honours king Prousias son of king Prousias on account of his virtue and his benefactions towards them.}}</ref> |
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Towards the end of his life, Prusias II had children by a later wife, and wanted to make them his heirs in place of Nicomedes.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#4}}</ref> He sent Nicomedes to Rome to ask its help in reducing the amount of these reparations, and directed the co-ambassador, Menas, to kill Nicomedes if the mission was unsuccessful.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#4|quote= He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.}}</ref> Despite the failure of the mission, Nicomedes persuaded Menas to betray Prusias, and Nicomedes declared himself king.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/?#5}}</ref> Prusias had to renounce the kingship in favour of his son and was himself murdered in 149 BC.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote=Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Start box}} |
{{Start box}} |
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{{Succession box | |
{{Succession box | |
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title=[[List of |
title=[[List of rulers of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]] | |
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before=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] | |
before=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] | |
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after=[[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] | |
after=[[Nicomedes II of Bithynia|Nicomedes II]] | |
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years=182 BC – 149 BC}} |
years=182 BC – 149 BC}} |
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{{End box}} |
{{End box}} |
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{{Hellenistic rulers}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Prusias 02 Of Bithynia}} |
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[[Category:Year of birth unknown]] |
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[[Category:149 BC deaths]] |
[[Category:149 BC deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Monarchs of Bithynia]] |
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[[Category:2nd-century BC Kings of Bithynia]] |
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{{MEast-royal-stub}} |
{{MEast-royal-stub}} |
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[[ca:Prúsies II]] |
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[[da:Prusias 2. af Bithynien]] |
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[[de:Prusias II.]] |
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[[el:Προυσίας Β' της Βιθυνίας]] |
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[[es:Prusias II de Bitinia]] |
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[[eu:Prusias II.a]] |
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[[fr:Prusias II]] |
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[[pl:Prusjasz II]] |
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[[ru:Прусий II]] |
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[[sh:Prusija II od Bitinije]] |
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[[fi:Prusias II]] |
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[[zh:普魯西阿斯二世]] |
Latest revision as of 14:32, 18 March 2024
Prusias II "The Hunter" | |
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King of Bithynia | |
Reign | 182 – 149 BC |
Predecessor | Prusias I |
Successor | Nicomedes II |
Born | c. 220 BC Bithynia (modern-day Turkey) |
Died | 149 BC (aged 71) Nicomedia (modern-day İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey) |
Consort | Apame IV |
Issue |
|
Greek | Προυσίας |
Father | Prusias I |
Mother | Apama III |
Religion | Greek Polytheism |
Prusias II Cynegus (Greek: Προυσίας ὁ Κυνηγός; "the Hunter", c. 220 BC – 149 BC, reigned c. 182 BC – 149 BC) was the Greek king of Bithynia. He was the son and successor of Prusias I and Apama III.
Life
[edit]Prusias was born to Prusias I and Apama III in 220 BC. His father died in 189 BC,[1] at which point he became the king of Bithynia. Prusias II joined with the king of Pergamon, Eumenes II in a war against King Pharnaces I of Pontus (181–179 BC).[2] He later invaded the territories of Pergamon (156–154 BC), only to be defeated, with Pergamon insisting on heavy reparations, including 500 talents and "twenty decked ships".[3]
Prusias II married his maternal cousin Apame IV, a sister of Perseus of Macedon and a princess from the Antigonid dynasty,[4] by whom he had a son, Nicomedes II, and a daughter, Apama, who would marry Dyegilos,[5] son of Cotys IV, King of Thrace, and his wife, Semestra.
Prusias II was honoured by the Aetolian League with a stele at Delphi on account of his behavior and benefactions towards them.[6]
Towards the end of his life, Prusias II had children by a later wife, and wanted to make them his heirs in place of Nicomedes.[7] He sent Nicomedes to Rome to ask its help in reducing the amount of these reparations, and directed the co-ambassador, Menas, to kill Nicomedes if the mission was unsuccessful.[8] Despite the failure of the mission, Nicomedes persuaded Menas to betray Prusias, and Nicomedes declared himself king.[9] Prusias had to renounce the kingship in favour of his son and was himself murdered in 149 BC.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ Memnon. History of Heraclea Pontica.
- ^ Oxford Reference.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
The ambassadors decided that as a penalty he must transfer to Attalus twenty decked ships at once, and pay him 500 talents of silver within a certain time.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
to whom Perseus, king of Macedonia, gave his sister in marriage
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
his son-in-law, Diegylis the Thracian
- ^ Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum: 632 Pontica.
The league of Aetolians honours king Prousias son of king Prousias on account of his virtue and his benefactions towards them.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
- ^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.