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{{Short description|Species of palm}}
{{speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
|image =
|image = Sabal minor 20zz.jpg
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group |year=2020 |title=''Sabal minor'' |page=e.T79521201A79521207 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T79521201A79521207.en |access-date=21 November 2022}}</ref>
|status2 = G5
|status2_system = TNC
|status2_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=NatureServe Explorer 2.0 |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.138270/Sabal_minor |website=explorer.natureserve.org |access-date=21 November 2022}}</ref>
|genus = Sabal
|genus = Sabal
|species = minor
|species = minor
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}}}}
}}}}


'''''Sabal minor''''', commonly known as the '''dwarf palmetto''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=SAMI8|taxon=Sabal minor|accessdate=26 October 2015}}</ref> is a small species of [[Arecaceae|palm]]. It is native to the deep southeastern and south-central [[United States]] and northeastern [[Mexico]]. It is naturally found in a diversity of habitats, including maritime forests, swamps, floodplains, and occasionally on drier sites.<ref name=fna/> It is often found growing in calcareous marl soil.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web |url=http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm |title= Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States by Alan Weakley}}</ref> Sabal minor is one of the most frost and cold tolerant among [[North America]]n palms.
'''''Sabal minor''''', commonly known as the '''dwarf palmetto''',<ref>{{PLANTS |id=SAMI8 |taxon=''Sabal minor'' |accessdate=26 October 2015 }}</ref> is a small species of [[Arecaceae|palm]]. It is native to the deep southeastern and south-central [[United States]] and northeastern [[Mexico]]. It is naturally found in a diversity of habitats, including maritime forests, swamps, floodplains, and occasionally on drier sites.<ref name=fna/> It is often found growing in [[calcareous]] [[marl]] soil.<ref name=Weakley>{{cite web |url=http://www.herbarium.unc.edu/flora.htm |title= Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States by Alan Weakley}}</ref> ''Sabal minor'' is one of the most frost and cold tolerant among [[North America]]n palms.


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
This palm's native range spans on the Atlantic Coast from central [[Florida]] north to [[Monkey Island, North Carolina]]. On the Gulf Coast, it spans from central Florida to central [[Texas]], [[Arkansas]], north to southern [[Oklahoma]], then south in the State of [[Nuevo León]] in [[Mexico]].<ref name=e>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=181048 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
This palm's native range spans on the Atlantic Coast from central [[Florida]] north to [[Monkey Island, North Carolina]].<ref name=Weakley/> On the Gulf Coast, it spans from central Florida to central [[Texas]], [[Arkansas]], north to southern [[Oklahoma]] and northern [[Alabama]], then south in the State of [[Nuevo León]] in [[Mexico]].<ref name=e>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=181048 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
The dwarf palmetto grows up to 1 m (rarely 3 m) in height, with a trunk up to 30&nbsp;cm diameter. It is a [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palm]] (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. Each leaf is 1.5–2&nbsp;m long, with 40 leaflets up to 80&nbsp;cm long, conjoined over half of this length. The [[flower]]s are yellowish-white, 5&nbsp;mm across, produced in large compound panicles up to 2 m long, extending out beyond the leaves. The [[fruit]] is a black [[drupe]] 1–1.3&nbsp;cm long containing a single seed.<ref name=fna>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200027117 ''Sabal minor''] in Flora of North America</ref>
''Sabal Minor'' grows up to 3 meters in height, with a trunk up to {{convert|30|cm}} diameter. It is a [[List of Arecaceae genera#Tribe Corypheae|fan palm]] (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the [[leaf|leaves]] with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. Each leaf is {{convert|1.5|-|2|m}} long, with 40 leaflets up to {{convert|80|cm}} long, conjoined over half of this length. The [[flower]]s are yellowish-white, {{convert|5|mm}} across, produced in large compound panicles up to {{convert|2|m}} long, extending out beyond the leaves. The [[fruit]] is a black [[drupe]] {{convert|1|to|1.3|cm}} long containing a single seed.<ref name=fna>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200027117 ''Sabal minor''] in Flora of North America</ref>


==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
''Sabal minor'' is one of the most cold hardy palms, second only to the needle palm, ''[[Rhapidophyllum hystrix]]''. It is leaf hardy to near 0 F/-18 C, and has been known to survive brief periods of -5 F temperatures. It is generally cultivated in subtropical and warm temperate climates, however it needs hot and humid summers to grow well.
''Sabal minor'' is one of the most cold hardy palms in cultivation; however, it does best when grown in hot and humid tropical summer conditions, and may struggle or grow slowly in cool summer climates. It is leaf hardy to near {{convert|0|F}}, and has been known to survive brief periods of {{convert|-5|F}} temperatures. It is generally cultivated in subtropical and warm temperate climates. ''S.{{nbsp}}minor'' can grow in a wide variety of soil types, and is often found submerged in swamps in the [[southeastern United States]]. It grows in both full sun and shaded locations, though it will do best in the cooler garden zones (below zone USDA 7) in full sun and a wind sheltered location.


In the United States, since the 1960s, cultivation has spread beyond the deep southern United States; Large healthy specimens have also been growing for several decades in areas like central [[Tennessee]] and the greater [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]], DC Metropolitan Area. ''Sabal minor'' is cultivated along the East Coast from Florida to coastal [[Connecticut]]/[[Long Island]], [[New York (state)|New York]], and on the West Coast from [[Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada|Vancouver]] BC south to San Diego. It is a recommended horticultural plant by the Virginia Cooperative Extension.<ref>[https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/HORT/HORT-60/HORT-60-PDF.pdf ''Care Sheet for Sabal minor or “Dwarf Palmetto” in Virginia Landscapes Fact and Care Sheet for Virginia Gardens'']</ref> There are several cultivars, including those from the [[Outer Banks|Outer Banks of North Carolina]] (northernmost strains), and those from [[Oklahoma]] and [[Texas]]. One popular strain is 'McCurtain', named after [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma]] where they are native. These tend to remain trunkless and smaller than those from warmer areas. ''Sabal minor'' is a popular landscape palm in coastal resort areas from [[Virginia Beach]], VA to southern Texas.
In the United States, since the 1960s, cultivation of ''Sabal minor'' has spread beyond the deep southern United States. ''S.{{nbsp}}minor'' is cultivated along the East Coast from [[Florida]] to [[Connecticut]], and on the West Coast from [[Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada|Vancouver]] BC south to [[San Diego]]. It is a recommended horticultural plant by the [[Virginia Cooperative Extension]].<ref>[https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/HORT/HORT-60/HORT-60-PDF.pdf ''Care Sheet for ''Sabal minor'' or “Dwarf Palmetto” in Virginia Landscapes Fact and Care Sheet for Virginia Gardens'']</ref> There are several cultivars, including those from the [[Outer Banks|Outer Banks of North Carolina]] (northernmost strains), and those from [[Oklahoma]] and [[Texas]]. One popular strain is 'McCurtain', named after [[McCurtain County, Oklahoma]], where they are native. These tend to remain trunkless and smaller than those from warmer areas. ''S.{{nbsp}}minor'' is a popular landscape palm in coastal resort areas from [[Virginia Beach]], Virginia, to southern Texas.


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:Sabal minor small.jpg| Young ''Sabal minor''
File:Palmetto state park.jpg|Dwarf palmettos (''Sabal minor'') at [[Palmetto State Park]], Texas (2 June 2007)
File:Big Thicket National Preserve, Lance Rosier Unit, Hardin Co. Texas, USA, 23 October 2019.jpg|''Sabal minor'' and resurrection fern (''[[Pleopeltis polypodioides]]'') growing on oak limb, [[Big Thicket National Preserve]], Hardin Co. Texas (23 October 2019)
⚫
File:SabalMinor A&S.jpg|A naturalistic planting of Sabal Minor outside the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
File:SabalMinorLargoFlorida.jpg|''Sabal minor'' grouping in natural setting.
File:Dwarf Palmetto (10562472575).jpg|A dwarf palmetto frond in [[Congaree National Park]], South Carolina (8 November 2008)
File:SabalMinorhabitatSwamp.jpg|''Sabal minor'' in saltwater marsh habitat, Hatteras North Carolina.
File:OldSabalMinorFriscoNC.jpg|''Sabal minor'' often start showing a trunk once they get very old. This example is around 100 years old in Frisco, NC.
File:After Blizzard 1.4.14 3.jpg|''Sabal minor'' and the [[Rhapidophyllum|needle palm]], also from the Southeast, are some of the world's most freeze-hardy palm species.
File:Sabal minor small.jpg| Young ''Sabal minor''
⚫
File:SabalMinor A&S.jpg|A naturalistic planting of ''Sabal minor'' outside the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
Sabal minor MHNT.BOT.2018.28.30.jpg|''Sabal minor'' - [[MHNT]]
</gallery>
</gallery>


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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Sabal%20minor.png Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map]
* [http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Sabal%20minor.png Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map]
* [http://www.plantmaps.com/nrm/sabal-minor-dwarf-palmetto-native-range-map.php Interactive Distribution Map for ''Sabal minor'']
* [https://www.plantmaps.com/nrm-sabal-minor-dwarf-palmetto-native-range-map Interactive Distribution Map for ''Sabal minor'']


{{Taxonbar|from=Q244278}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q244278}}

Latest revision as of 18:01, 21 March 2024

Sabal minor

Secure  (NatureServe)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Arecales
Family: Arecaceae
Genus: Sabal
Species:
S. minor
Binomial name
Sabal minor
Synonyms[3]
Synonymy
  • Corypha minor Jacq.
  • Sabal adansonii Guerns.
  • Chamaerops glabra Mill.
  • Corypha pumila Walter
  • Rhapis arundinacea Aiton
  • Chamaerops acaulis Michx.
  • Sabal caroliniana Poir.
  • Rhapis acaulis (Michx.) Walter ex Willd.
  • Chamaerops arundinacea (Aiton) Sm.
  • Chamaerops louisiana Darby
  • Sabal adiantina Raf.
  • Sabal pumila (Walter) Elliott
  • Sabal minima Nutt.
  • Chamaerops sabaloides Baldwin ex Darl.
  • Brahea minima (Nutt.) H.Wendl.
  • Sabal glabra (Mill.) Sarg.
  • Sabal deeringiana Small
  • Sabal floribunda Katzenstein
  • Sabal speciosa L.H.Bailey
  • Sabal louisiana (Darby) Bomhard

Sabal minor, commonly known as the dwarf palmetto,[4] is a small species of palm. It is native to the deep southeastern and south-central United States and northeastern Mexico. It is naturally found in a diversity of habitats, including maritime forests, swamps, floodplains, and occasionally on drier sites.[5] It is often found growing in calcareous marl soil.[6] Sabal minor is one of the most frost and cold tolerant among North American palms.

Distribution

[edit]

This palm's native range spans on the Atlantic Coast from central Florida north to Monkey Island, North Carolina.[6] On the Gulf Coast, it spans from central Florida to central Texas, Arkansas, north to southern Oklahoma and northern Alabama, then south in the State of Nuevo León in Mexico.[3]

Description

[edit]

Sabal Minor grows up to 3 meters in height, with a trunk up to 30 centimetres (12 in) diameter. It is a fan palm (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), with the leaves with a bare petiole terminating in a rounded fan of numerous leaflets. Each leaf is 1.5–2 metres (4 ft 11 in – 6 ft 7 in) long, with 40 leaflets up to 80 centimetres (31 in) long, conjoined over half of this length. The flowers are yellowish-white, 5 millimetres (0.20 in) across, produced in large compound panicles up to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long, extending out beyond the leaves. The fruit is a black drupe 1 to 1.3 centimetres (0.39 to 0.51 in) long containing a single seed.[5]

Cultivation

[edit]

Sabal minor is one of the most cold hardy palms in cultivation; however, it does best when grown in hot and humid tropical summer conditions, and may struggle or grow slowly in cool summer climates. It is leaf hardy to near 0 °F (−18 °C), and has been known to survive brief periods of −5 °F (−21 °C) temperatures. It is generally cultivated in subtropical and warm temperate climates. S. minor can grow in a wide variety of soil types, and is often found submerged in swamps in the southeastern United States. It grows in both full sun and shaded locations, though it will do best in the cooler garden zones (below zone USDA 7) in full sun and a wind sheltered location.

In the United States, since the 1960s, cultivation of Sabal minor has spread beyond the deep southern United States. S. minor is cultivated along the East Coast from Florida to Connecticut, and on the West Coast from Vancouver BC south to San Diego. It is a recommended horticultural plant by the Virginia Cooperative Extension.[7] There are several cultivars, including those from the Outer Banks of North Carolina (northernmost strains), and those from Oklahoma and Texas. One popular strain is 'McCurtain', named after McCurtain County, Oklahoma, where they are native. These tend to remain trunkless and smaller than those from warmer areas. S. minor is a popular landscape palm in coastal resort areas from Virginia Beach, Virginia, to southern Texas.

[edit]
  • Dwarf palmettos (Sabal minor) at Palmetto State Park, Texas (2 June 2007)
    Dwarf palmettos (Sabal minor) at Palmetto State Park, Texas (2 June 2007)
  • Sabal minor and resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides) growing on oak limb, Big Thicket National Preserve, Hardin Co. Texas (23 October 2019)
    Sabal minor and resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides) growing on oak limb, Big Thicket National Preserve, Hardin Co. Texas (23 October 2019)
  • Sabal minor grouping in natural setting.
    Sabal minor grouping in natural setting.
  • A dwarf palmetto frond in Congaree National Park, South Carolina (8 November 2008)
    A dwarf palmetto frond in Congaree National Park, South Carolina (8 November 2008)
  • Sabal minor in saltwater marsh habitat, Hatteras North Carolina.
    Sabal minor in saltwater marsh habitat, Hatteras North Carolina.
  • Sabal minor often start showing a trunk once they get very old. This example is around 100 years old in Frisco, NC.
    Sabal minor often start showing a trunk once they get very old. This example is around 100 years old in Frisco, NC.
  • Sabal minor and the needle palm, also from the Southeast, are some of the world's most freeze-hardy palm species.
    Sabal minor and the needle palm, also from the Southeast, are some of the world's most freeze-hardy palm species.
  • Young Sabal minor
    Young Sabal minor
  • A naturalistic planting of Sabal minor outside the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
    A naturalistic planting of Sabal minor outside the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
  • Sabal minor - MHNT
    Sabal minor - MHNT

References

[edit]
  1. ^ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2020). "Sabal minor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T79521201A79521207. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T79521201A79521207.en. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
  2. ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  4. ^ NRCS. "Sabal minor". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 26 October 2015.
  5. ^ a b Sabal minor in Flora of North America
  6. ^ a b "Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States by Alan Weakley".
  7. ^ Care Sheet for Sabal minor or “Dwarf Palmetto” in Virginia Landscapes Fact and Care Sheet for Virginia Gardens
[edit]
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