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{{Short description|British chemist (1872–1945)}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Martin Onslow Forster
|name = Martin Onslow Forster
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|image_size =
|image_size =
|caption =
|caption =
|birth_date = November 8, 1872
|birth_date = 8 November 1872
|birth_place = [[London]]
|birth_place = [[London]]
|death_date = May 24, 1945
|death_date = {{d-da|24 May 1945|8 November 1872}}
|death_place = [[Mysore]], India.
|death_place = [[Mysore]], India.
|field = [[Chemistry]]
|field = [[Chemistry]]
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|doctoral_students =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for =
|known_for =
|prizes = [[Longstaff Prize]] {{small|(1915)}}
|prizes =
}}
}}
Sir '''Martin Onslow Forster''', [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Armstrong | first1 = E. F. | last2 = Simonsen | first2 = J. L. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1945.0015 | title = Martin Onslow Forster. 1872-1945 | journal = [[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 5 | issue = 14 | pages = 243 | year = 1945 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref> (November 8, 1872 - May 24, 1945) was a [[chemist]] and a director of the [[Indian Institute of Science]] in [[Bangalore, India]].
Sir '''Martin Onslow Forster''', [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Armstrong | first1 = E. F. | last2 = Simonsen | first2 = J. L. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1945.0015 | title = Martin Onslow Forster. 1872-1945 | journal = [[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 5 | issue = 14 | pages = 243 | year = 1945 | s2cid = 162326843 }}</ref> (8 November 1872 – 24 May 1945) was a [[chemist]] and a director of the [[Indian Institute of Science]] in [[Bangalore, India]].


Forster was born in Lambeth, [[London]]. One of four children of Martin Forster, a bank clerk and his wife Ann Hope Limby, he schooled at Dane Hill House (or Boulden's), [[Margate]] and in 1888 went to Finsbury Technical College to pursue his interest in chemistry. Further studies and a certificate were achieved in industry. He undertok research under [[Raphael Meldola]] and later with [[Hermann Emil Fischer|Emil Fischer]] at the [[University of Würzburg]] where he obtained a Ph.D. in 1892. He then returned to England and worked under [[William A. Tilden|W. A. Tilden]] at Mason College, Birmingham followed by research under [[Henry Edward Armstrong|H. E. Armstrong]] at the Central Technical College, South Kensington. Here he received a fellowship from Salters' Company and studied the chemistry of camphor. In 1895 he was offered a post of demonstrator in chemistry at the Royal College of Science where his former advisor Tilden had moved. He received a Granville scholarship and joined the University of London in 1899 and became an assistant professor of chemistry in 1902. Forster retired in 1913 with an intention to join politics but returned to research in the chemical industry as a consultant for the dye industry in 1914. In 1915 he headed the technical committee for British Dyes Limited and became its director in 1916. He resigned from the company following troubles and joined the Salters' Institute of Industrial Chemistry which allowed him to conduct experiments at the Davy-Faraday Laboratories.<ref name=odnb />
Forster was born in [[Lambeth]], [[London]]. One of four children of Martin Forster, a bank clerk and his wife Ann Hope Limby, he schooled at Dane Hill House (or Boulden's), [[Margate]] and in 1888 went to Finsbury Technical College to pursue his interest in chemistry. Further studies and a certificate were achieved in industry. He undertook research under [[Raphael Meldola]] and later with [[Hermann Emil Fischer|Emil Fischer]] at the [[University of Würzburg]] where he obtained a Ph.D. in 1892. He then returned to England and worked under [[William A. Tilden|W. A. Tilden]] at Mason College, Birmingham followed by research under [[Henry Edward Armstrong|H. E. Armstrong]] at the Central Technical College, South Kensington. Here he received a fellowship from Salters' Company and studied the chemistry of camphor. In 1895 he was offered a post of demonstrator in chemistry at the Royal College of Science where his former advisor Tilden had moved. He received a Granville scholarship and joined the University of London in 1899 and became an assistant professor of chemistry in 1902. Forster retired in 1913 with an intention to join politics but returned to research in the chemical industry as a consultant for the dye industry in 1914. In 1915 he headed the technical committee for British Dyes Limited and became its director in 1916. He resigned from the company following troubles and joined the Salters' Institute of Industrial Chemistry which allowed him to conduct experiments at the Davy-Faraday Laboratories.<ref name=odnb />


Forster was an impressive speaker but his leadership was considered poor. He was considered to be aloof, having an air of superiority and was unpopular in Britain. His career in India was more successful. On the recommendation of Sir [[William Jackson Pope|W.J. Pope]], he became a director of the Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore. His administration earned him respect among the staff and students. Although retired in 1927 with a knighthood bestowed on him, he stayed on till 1933. He then settled in Mysore.<ref name=odnb>J. L. Simonsen, rev. K. D. Watson (2004) Forster, Sir Martin Onslow in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/33209}}</ref>
Forster was an impressive speaker but his leadership was considered poor. He was considered to be aloof, having an air of superiority and was unpopular in Britain. However, his career in India was more successful. On the recommendation of Sir [[William Jackson Pope|W.J. Pope]], he became a director of the Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore. His administration earned him respect among the staff and students. Although retired in 1927 with a knighthood bestowed on him, he stayed on till 1933. He then settled in Mysore.<ref name=odnb>J. L. Simonsen, rev. K. D. Watson (2004) Forster, Sir Martin Onslow in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/33209}}</ref>


Forster was married twice, first to Madeleine Nichols, daughter of an American chemist in 1907 and they divorced in 1916. In 1925 he married Elena Josefina. He had no children and died in [[Mysore]], India.
Forster was married twice, first to Madeleine Nichols, daughter of an American chemist in 1907 and they divorced in 1916. In 1925 he married Elena Josefina. He had no children and died in [[Mysore]], India.
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Sister project links| wikt=no | commons=no | b=no | n=no | q=no | s=no | v=no | voy=no | species=no | d=q2375148}}
* [http://www.open.ac.uk/ou5/Arts/chemists/person.cfm?SearchID=3671 Biographical material]
* [http://www.open.ac.uk/ou5/Arts/chemists/person.cfm?SearchID=3671 Biographical material]
* John Lionel Simonsen: [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v156/n3949/abs/156013a0.html ''Sir Martin Forster, F.R.S.''] In: ''Nature.'' 156, 7. July 1945, S. 13–14.
* John Lionel Simonsen: [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v156/n3949/abs/156013a0.html ''Sir Martin Forster, F.R.S.''] In: ''Nature.'' 156, 7. July 1945, S. 13–14.
* [http://www.insaindia.org/deceaseddetail.php?id=F000241 Martin Onslow Forster] at insaindia.org
* [https://archive.today/20150907151237/http://www.insaindia.org/deceaseddetail.php?id=F000241 Martin Onslow Forster] at insaindia.org


{{FRS 1905}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1872 births]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]
[[Category:People from London]]
[[Category:Scientists from London]]
[[Category:British chemists]]
[[Category:British chemists]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of London]]
[[Category:Directors of the Indian Institute of Science]]
[[Category:Directors of the Indian Institute of Science]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:British people in colonial India]]

[[Category:Scientists from British India]]

{{UK-chemist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 19:29, 21 March 2024

Martin Onslow Forster
Born8 November 1872
London
Died24 May 1945 (1945-05-25) (aged 72)
Mysore, India.
AwardsLongstaff Prize (1915)
Scientific career
FieldsChemistry
InstitutionsIndian Institute of Science

Sir Martin Onslow Forster, FRS[1] (8 November 1872 – 24 May 1945) was a chemist and a director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore, India.

Forster was born in Lambeth, London. One of four children of Martin Forster, a bank clerk and his wife Ann Hope Limby, he schooled at Dane Hill House (or Boulden's), Margate and in 1888 went to Finsbury Technical College to pursue his interest in chemistry. Further studies and a certificate were achieved in industry. He undertook research under Raphael Meldola and later with Emil Fischer at the University of Würzburg where he obtained a Ph.D. in 1892. He then returned to England and worked under W. A. Tilden at Mason College, Birmingham followed by research under H. E. Armstrong at the Central Technical College, South Kensington. Here he received a fellowship from Salters' Company and studied the chemistry of camphor. In 1895 he was offered a post of demonstrator in chemistry at the Royal College of Science where his former advisor Tilden had moved. He received a Granville scholarship and joined the University of London in 1899 and became an assistant professor of chemistry in 1902. Forster retired in 1913 with an intention to join politics but returned to research in the chemical industry as a consultant for the dye industry in 1914. In 1915 he headed the technical committee for British Dyes Limited and became its director in 1916. He resigned from the company following troubles and joined the Salters' Institute of Industrial Chemistry which allowed him to conduct experiments at the Davy-Faraday Laboratories.[2]

Forster was an impressive speaker but his leadership was considered poor. He was considered to be aloof, having an air of superiority and was unpopular in Britain. However, his career in India was more successful. On the recommendation of Sir W.J. Pope, he became a director of the Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore. His administration earned him respect among the staff and students. Although retired in 1927 with a knighthood bestowed on him, he stayed on till 1933. He then settled in Mysore.[2]

Forster was married twice, first to Madeleine Nichols, daughter of an American chemist in 1907 and they divorced in 1916. In 1925 he married Elena Josefina. He had no children and died in Mysore, India.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Armstrong, E. F.; Simonsen, J. L. (1945). "Martin Onslow Forster. 1872-1945". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 5 (14): 243. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1945.0015. S2CID 162326843.
  2. ^ a b J. L. Simonsen, rev. K. D. Watson (2004) Forster, Sir Martin Onslow in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33209
[edit]
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