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Kotzebue Sound: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 66°32′46″N 162°44′58″W / 66.54611°N 162.74944°W / 66.54611; -162.74944
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The same name was listed on the article for Beaufort Sea (both without citation), and a DuckDuckGo search suggests that the word is simply the generic word for "sea" or "ocean", rather than any particular sea.
 
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{{Short description|Arm of the Chukchi Sea in western Alaska}}
[[Image:Kotzebue Sound.png|250px|right|thumb|Map of Kotzebue Sound]]
[[Image:Kotzebue Sound.png|250px|right|thumb|Map of Kotzebue Sound]]
[[File:Barrier Islands and Lagoons at Cape Espenberg - Kotzebue Sound.jpg|thumb|[[Barrier island]]s and [[lagoon]]s at [[Cape Espenberg, Alaska|Cape Espenberg]]]]
[[File:Barrier Islands and Lagoons at Cape Espenberg - Kotzebue Sound.jpg|thumb|[[Barrier island]]s and [[lagoon]]s at [[Cape Espenberg, Alaska|Cape Espenberg]]]]
'''Kotzebue Sound''' ({{lang-ru|Залив Коцебу}})<ref>[https:/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Alaska_1844.jpg Карта Ледовитого моря и Восточного океана (1844)]</ref> is an arm of the [[Chukchi Sea]] in the western region of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Alaska]]. It is on the north side of the [[Seward Peninsula]] and bounded on the east by the [[Baldwin Peninsula]]. It is {{convert|100|mi|km|-1}} long and {{convert|70|mi|km|-1}} wide.
'''Kotzebue Sound''' is an arm of the [[Chukchi Sea]] in the western region of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Alaska]]. It is on the north side of the [[Seward Peninsula]] and bounded on the east by the [[Baldwin Peninsula]]. It is {{convert|100|mi|km|-1}} long and {{convert|70|mi|km|-1}} wide.


Kotzebue Sound is located in the transitional climate zone, which is characterized by long, cold winters and cool summers. The average low temperature during January is {{convert|-12|°F |°C|0|lk=on}}; the average high during July is {{convert|58|°F|°C|0}}. Temperature extremes have been measured from {{convert|-52|°F|°C|0}} to {{convert|85|°F|°C|0}}. Snowfall averages {{convert|40|in|mm|0}}, with total precipitation of {{convert|9|in|mm|0}} per year. Kotzebue Sound is ice-free from early July until early October.
Kotzebue Sound is located in the transitional climate zone, which is characterized by long, cold winters and cool summers. The average low temperature during January is {{convert|-12|°F |°C|0|lk=on}}; the average high during July is {{convert|58|°F|°C|0}}. Temperature extremes have been measured from {{convert|-52|°F|°C|0}} to {{convert|85|°F|°C|0}}. Snowfall averages {{convert|40|in|mm|0}}, with total precipitation of {{convert|9|in|mm|0}} per year. Kotzebue Sound is ice-free from early July until early October.


The towns of [[Kotzebue, Alaska|Kotzebue]], [[Kiwalik, Alaska|Kiwalik]] and [[Deering, Alaska|Deering]] are on the shores of Kotzebue Sound. Kotzebue Sound was explored and named in 1816 by Baltic German [[Lieutenant]] [[Otto von Kotzebue]]<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA177#v=onepage&q&f=false | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|Government Printing Office]] | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=177}}</ref> while searching for the [[Northeast Passage]] in the service of [[Russia]].
The towns of [[Kotzebue, Alaska|Kotzebue]], [[Kiwalik, Alaska|Kiwalik]] and [[Deering, Alaska|Deering]] are on the shores of Kotzebue Sound. Kotzebue Sound was explored and named in 1816 by Baltic German [[Lieutenant]] [[Otto von Kotzebue]]<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|Government Printing Office]] | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n176 177]}}</ref> while searching for the [[Northeast Passage]] in the service of [[Russia]].


==Fauna==
==Fauna==
A wide variety of birdlife is apparent at Kotzebue Sound including the [[tufted puffin]], [[black-throated diver]] and [[red-throated loon]].<ref>J. Grinnell, 1900</ref>
A wide variety of birdlife is apparent at Kotzebue Sound including the [[tufted puffin]], [[black-throated diver]] and [[red-throated loon]].<ref>J. Grinnell, 1900</ref>


The sound is a location for the presence of the [[polar bear]], ''Ursus maritimus''; in fact, the world's record largest polar bear at 2,210 pounds (1,002&nbsp;kg) was observed at Kotzebue Sound.<ref>C. Michael Hogan (2008) [http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=36084 ''Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus'', Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224205716/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=36084 |date=December 24, 2008 }}</ref>
The sound is a location for the presence of the [[polar bear]], ''Ursus maritimus''; in fact, the world's record largest polar bear at 2,210 pounds (1,002&nbsp;kg) was observed at Kotzebue Sound in 1960.<ref>C. Michael Hogan (2008) [http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=36084 ''Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus'', Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224205716/http://globaltwitcher.auderis.se/artspec_information.asp?thingid=36084 |date=December 24, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Wood |first=G.L. |year=1983 |title=The Guinness Book of Animal Records |page=[https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofan00wood/page/240 240] |isbn=978-0-85112-235-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofan00wood/page/240 |publisher=Enfield, Middlesex : Guinness Superlatives }}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
* Giddings, J. Louis, and Douglas D. Anderson. ''Beach Ridge Archeology of Cape Krusenstern Eskimo and Pre-Eskimo Settlements Around Kotzebue Sound, Alaska''. Washington DC: National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1986.
* Giddings, J. Louis, and Douglas D. Anderson. ''Beach Ridge Archeology of Cape Krusenstern Eskimo and Pre-Eskimo Settlements Around Kotzebue Sound, Alaska''. Washington DC: National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1986.
* Lucier, Charles V., and James W. VanStone. ''Traditional Beluga Drives of the Iñupiat of Kotzebue Sound, Alaska''. Fieldiana, new ser., no. 25. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1995.
* Lucier, Charles V., and James W. VanStone. ''Traditional Beluga Drives of the Iñupiat of Kotzebue Sound, Alaska''. Fieldiana, new ser., no. 25. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1995.
* {{cite book |author=[[Joseph Grinnell]] |title=Birds of the Kotzebue sound region, Alaska |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ixALAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP5 |year=1900 |publisher= [[Cooper Ornithological Society]] }}
* {{cite book |author=Joseph Grinnell |author-link=Joseph Grinnell |title=Birds of the Kotzebue sound region, Alaska |url=https://archive.org/details/birdskotzebueso00gringoog |year=1900 |publisher= [[Cooper Ornithological Society]] }}


==External links==
⚫
{{coord|66|32|46|N|162|44|58|W|scale:2000000|display=title}}
* [https://archives-manuscripts.dartmouth.edu/repositories/2/resources/1032 Robert L. Dey Typescript and Correspondence on a Trip to Kotzebue Sound] at Dartmouth College Library

⚫
{{Coord|66|32|46|N|162|44|58|W|scale:2000000|display=title}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

Latest revision as of 10:39, 22 March 2024

Map of Kotzebue Sound
Barrier islands and lagoons at Cape Espenberg

Kotzebue Sound is an arm of the Chukchi Sea in the western region of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is on the north side of the Seward Peninsula and bounded on the east by the Baldwin Peninsula. It is 100 miles (160 km) long and 70 miles (110 km) wide.

Kotzebue Sound is located in the transitional climate zone, which is characterized by long, cold winters and cool summers. The average low temperature during January is −12 °F (−24 °C); the average high during July is 58 °F (14 °C). Temperature extremes have been measured from −52 °F (−47 °C) to 85 °F (29 °C). Snowfall averages 40 inches (1,016 mm), with total precipitation of 9 inches (229 mm) per year. Kotzebue Sound is ice-free from early July until early October.

The towns of Kotzebue, Kiwalik and Deering are on the shores of Kotzebue Sound. Kotzebue Sound was explored and named in 1816 by Baltic German Lieutenant Otto von Kotzebue[1] while searching for the Northeast Passage in the service of Russia.

Fauna

[edit]

A wide variety of birdlife is apparent at Kotzebue Sound including the tufted puffin, black-throated diver and red-throated loon.[2]

The sound is a location for the presence of the polar bear, Ursus maritimus; in fact, the world's record largest polar bear at 2,210 pounds (1,002 kg) was observed at Kotzebue Sound in 1960.[3][4]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Government Printing Office. pp. 177.
  2. ^ J. Grinnell, 1900
  3. ^ C. Michael Hogan (2008) Polar Bear: Ursus maritimus, Globaltwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg Archived December 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Wood, G.L. (1983). The Guinness Book of Animal Records. Enfield, Middlesex : Guinness Superlatives. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-85112-235-9.

References

[edit]
  • Giddings, J. Louis, and Douglas D. Anderson. Beach Ridge Archeology of Cape Krusenstern Eskimo and Pre-Eskimo Settlements Around Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. Washington DC: National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1986.
  • Lucier, Charles V., and James W. VanStone. Traditional Beluga Drives of the Iñupiat of Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. Fieldiana, new ser., no. 25. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1995.
  • Joseph Grinnell (1900). Birds of the Kotzebue sound region, Alaska. Cooper Ornithological Society.
[edit]

66°32′46″N 162°44′58″W / 66.54611°N 162.74944°W / 66.54611; -162.74944


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