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Guidobaldo was the son of [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] and [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]].{{sfn|Reiss|2013|p=177}} In 1535, despite a papal ban, he married [[Giulia da Varano]], daughter of the duke of [[Camerino]] and [[Caterina Cybo]].{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} In response to his marriage with Giulia, Pope Paul III excommunicated Guidobaldo, his bride, Giulia, his mother-in-law, Caterina Cybo, in 1535.{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} Upon his installation as duke of Camerino, Paul III placed the duchy under interdict.{{sfn|Brigden|2013|p=227}} Upon the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of [[Urbino]] in 1538.
Guidobaldo was the son of [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] and [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]].{{sfn|Reiss|2013|p=177}} In 1535, despite a papal ban, he married [[Giulia da Varano]], daughter of the duke of [[Camerino]] and [[Caterina Cybo]].{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} In response to his marriage with Giulia, Pope Paul III excommunicated Guidobaldo, his bride, Giulia, his mother-in-law, Caterina Cybo, in 1535.{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} Upon his installation as duke of Camerino, Paul III placed the duchy under interdict.{{sfn|Brigden|2013|p=227}} Upon the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of [[Urbino]] in 1538.


Guidobaldo and Giulia had a child, Virginia Varana della Rovere, who married Frederico Borromeo.{{sfn|Ammannati|2007|p=344}}
Guidobaldo and Giulia had a child, Virginia Varana della Rovere, who married Frederico Borromeo.{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}}


==Career==
==Career==
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In 1546, he received a ''condotta'' as military leader (''Governatore'') by the [[Republic of Venice]], for which his father had been a valiant commander during the [[Italian Wars]]. He employed the artist and armourer [[Bartolomeo Campi]], who made him a suit of armour.<ref>[https://www.patrimonionacional.es/colecciones-reales/real-armeria/armadura-la-romana-de-guiobaldo-della-rovere-duque-de-urbino Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid]</ref>
In 1546, he received a ''condotta'' as military leader (''Governatore'') by the [[Republic of Venice]], for which his father had been a valiant commander during the [[Italian Wars]]. He employed the artist and armourer [[Bartolomeo Campi]], who made him a suit of armour.<ref>[https://www.patrimonionacional.es/colecciones-reales/real-armeria/armadura-la-romana-de-guiobaldo-della-rovere-duque-de-urbino Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid]</ref>


After the death of his first wife, Giulia, in 1548 he married [[Vittoria Farnese, Duchess of Urbino|Vittoria Farnese]], the daughter of [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma]]{{sfn|Ammannati|2007|p=344}} and [[Gerolama Orsini]]. Later he was made Papal governor of [[Fano]], receiving also the title of ''[[Captain General of the Church|capitano generale]]'' (commander-in-chief) of the [[Papal States]], as well as that of Prefect of [[Rome]].
After the death of his first wife, Giulia, in 1548 he married [[Vittoria Farnese, Duchess of Urbino|Vittoria Farnese]], the daughter of [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma]]{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}} and [[Gerolama Orsini]]. Later he was made Papal governor of [[Fano]], receiving also the title of ''[[Captain General of the Church|capitano generale]]'' (commander-in-chief) of the [[Papal States]],{{sfn|Setton|1984|p=601}} as well as that of Prefect of [[Rome]].


In 1559, he was hired by the [[King of Spain]], helping [[Bernardo Sanseverino]] (who had married Isabella, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Turks.
In 1559, he was hired by the [[King of Spain]], helping [[Bernardo Sanseverino]] (who had married Isabella, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Turks.
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==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Guidobaldo and Vittoria had:
Guidobaldo and Vittoria had:
* [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]], who succeeded him as Duke of Urbino, married Lucrezia d'Este{{sfn|Ammannati|2007|p=344}}
* [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]], who succeeded him as Duke of Urbino, married Lucrezia d'Este{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}}
* Isabella, wife of Niccolò Bernardino Sanseverino, 6° Prince of Bisignano.
* Isabella, wife of Niccolò Bernardino Sanseverino, 6° Prince of Bisignano.
* Lavinia, married [[Alfonso Félix de Ávalos Aquino y Gonzaga, Marquis del Vasto]].
* Lavinia, married [[Alfonso Félix de Ávalos Aquino y Gonzaga, Marquis del Vasto]].
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|6= 6. [[Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
|6= 6. [[Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
|7= 7. [[Isabella d'Este]]
|7= 7. [[Isabella d'Este]]
|8= 8. Raffaello della Rovere
|8= 8. [[Raffaello della Rovere]]
|9= 9. Teodora Manirolo
|9= 9. Teodora Manirolo
|10= 10. [[Federico da Montefeltro|Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino]]
|10= 10. [[Federico da Montefeltro|Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino]]
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*{{cite book |chapter=A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy |first=Sheryl E. |last=Reiss |title=A Companion to Renaissance and Baroque Art |editor-first1=Babette |editor-last1=Bohn |editor-first2=James M. |editor-last2=Saslow |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |year=2013 }}
*{{cite book |chapter=A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy |first=Sheryl E. |last=Reiss |title=A Companion to Renaissance and Baroque Art |editor-first1=Babette |editor-last1=Bohn |editor-first2=James M. |editor-last2=Saslow |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |year=2013 }}
*{{cite book |title=Publishing Women: Salons, the Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy |first=Diana |last=Robin |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |year=2007 }}
*{{cite book |title=Publishing Women: Salons, the Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy |first=Diana |last=Robin |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |year=2007 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571 |volume=IV: The Sixteenth Century |editor-first=Kenneth Meyer |editor-last=Setton |publisher=American Philosophical Society |year=1984 }}601




Latest revision as of 20:50, 24 March 2024

Guidobaldo II
Portrait by Titian, 1545
Duke of Urbino
Reign20 October 1538 – 28 September 1574
PredecessorFrancesco Maria I
SuccessorFrancesco Maria II
Born(1514-04-02)2 April 1514
Urbino, Duchy of Urbino
Died28 September 1574(1574-09-28) (aged 60)
Pesaro, Duchy of Urbino
SpouseGiulia da Varano
Vittoria Farnese
IssueVirginia, Duchess of Gravina
Francesco Maria II, Duke of Urbino
Isabella, Princess of Bisignano
Lavinia, Princess of Francavilla
HouseRovere
FatherFrancesco Maria I della Rovere
MotherEleonora Gonzaga
The portrait of Venus of Urbino has acquired its name from the Duchy of Urbino through Guidobaldo's title as the Duke of Urbino.

Guidobaldo II della Rovere (2 April 1514 – 28 September 1574) was an Italian condottiero, who succeeded his father Francesco Maria I della Rovere as Duke of Urbino from 1538 until his death in 1574. He was a member of the House of La Rovere. Guidobaldo was an important patron of the arts in general, and of Titian in particular, commissioning his own portrait, and buying Titian's Venus of Urbino.

Early life

[edit]

Guidobaldo was the son of Francesco Maria I della Rovere and Eleonora Gonzaga.[1] In 1535, despite a papal ban, he married Giulia da Varano, daughter of the duke of Camerino and Caterina Cybo.[2] In response to his marriage with Giulia, Pope Paul III excommunicated Guidobaldo, his bride, Giulia, his mother-in-law, Caterina Cybo, in 1535.[2] Upon his installation as duke of Camerino, Paul III placed the duchy under interdict.[3] Upon the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of Urbino in 1538.

Guidobaldo and Giulia had a child, Virginia Varana della Rovere, who married Frederico Borromeo.[4]

Career

[edit]
Portrait of the Duke of Urbino wearing an Armor by Bronzino, c. 1531–33, Uffizi

In 1546, he received a condotta as military leader (Governatore) by the Republic of Venice, for which his father had been a valiant commander during the Italian Wars. He employed the artist and armourer Bartolomeo Campi, who made him a suit of armour.[5]

After the death of his first wife, Giulia, in 1548 he married Vittoria Farnese, the daughter of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma[4] and Gerolama Orsini. Later he was made Papal governor of Fano, receiving also the title of capitano generale (commander-in-chief) of the Papal States,[6] as well as that of Prefect of Rome.

In 1559, he was hired by the King of Spain, helping Bernardo Sanseverino (who had married Isabella, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the Ottoman Turks.

On 1 January 1573, a revolt rose against Guidobaldo in Urbino, due to the excessive tax burden that he was exerting over his state. He reacted by bloodily suppressing the riot.

Personal life

[edit]

Guidobaldo and Vittoria had:

After falling ill during a voyage to Ferrara and Pesaro, he died in the latter town in 1574.

Ancestry

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Reiss 2013, p. 177.
  2. ^ a b Robin 2007, p. 277.
  3. ^ Brigden 2013, p. 227.
  4. ^ a b c Ammannati 2006, p. 344.
  5. ^ Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid
  6. ^ Setton 1984, p. 601.

Sources

[edit]
  • Ammannati, Laura Battiferra degli (2006). Laura Battiferra and Her Literary Circle: An Anthology: A Bilingual Edition. Translated by Kirkham, Victoria. University of Chicago Press.
  • Brigden, Susan (2013). "Henry VIII and the Crusade against England". In Betteridge, Thomas; Lipscomb, Suzannah (eds.). Henry VIII and the Court: Art, Politics and Performance. Ashgate.
  • Reiss, Sheryl E. (2013). "A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy". In Bohn, Babette; Saslow, James M. (eds.). A Companion to Renaissance and Baroque Art. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Robin, Diana (2007). Publishing Women: Salons, the Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy. The University of Chicago Press.
  • Setton, Kenneth Meyer, ed. (1984). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571. Vol. IV: The Sixteenth Century. American Philosophical Society.601


[edit]
Preceded by Duke of Urbino

1538–1574 		Succeeded by
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