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{{no footnotes|date=March 2013}}
{{More footnotes|date=March 2013}}
{{ infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Guidobaldo II
| name = Guidobaldo II
| image = Angelo Bronzino - Portrait of Guidobaldo della Rovere.jpg
| image = Titian (Tiziano Vecellio) - Portrait of Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino - 1956.7.1 - Yale University Art Gallery.jpg
| caption =Guidobaldo II by [[Agnolo Bronzino]]
| caption = Portrait by [[Titian]], 1545
|succession = [[Duke of Urbino]]
| succession = [[Duke of Urbino]]
|reign = 1539-1574
| reign = 20 October 1538 – 28 September 1574
|predecessor = [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere|Francesco Maria I]]
| predecessor = [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere|Francesco Maria I]]
|successor = [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]]
| successor = [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]]
| issue = Virginia, Duchess of Gravina <br>[[Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino|Francesco Maria II, Duke of Urbino]]<br>Isabella, Princess of Bisignano<br>Lavinia, Princess of Francavilla
| issue = Virginia, Duchess of Gravina <br>[[Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino|Francesco Maria II, Duke of Urbino]]<br>Isabella, Princess of Bisignano<br>Lavinia, Princess of Francavilla
| noble family = [[della Rovere|Rovere]]
| house = [[della Rovere|Rovere]]
| spouse = [[Giulia Varano]]<br>Vittoria Farnese
| spouse = [[Giulia da Varano]]<br>[[Vittoria Farnese, Duchess of Urbino|Vittoria Farnese]]
| father = [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]]
| father = [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]]
| mother = [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]]
| mother = [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]]
|house = [[della Rovere|Rovere]]
| birth_date = {{birth_date|1514|4|2|df=yes}}
| birth_date = {{birth_date|1514|4|2|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Urbino]], [[Duchy of Urbino]]
| birth_place = [[Urbino]], [[Duchy of Urbino]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1574|9|28|1514|4|2|df=yes}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1574|9|28|1514|4|2|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Pesaro]], [[Duchy of Urbino]]
| death_place = [[Pesaro]], Duchy of Urbino
| burial_place =
| burial_place =
}}
}}


'''Guidobaldo II della Rovere''' (2 April 1514 &ndash; 28 September 1574) was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[condottiero]], who succeeded his father [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] as [[Duke of Urbino]] from 1538 until his death in 1574. He was a member of the [[della Rovere|House of La Rovere]]. Guidobaldo was an important patron of the arts in general, and of Titian in particular, commissioning his own portrait, and buying Titian's [[Venus of Urbino]].
[[File:Tiziano - Venere di Urbino - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|The portrait of ''[[Venus of Urbino]]'' has acquired its name from the [[Duchy of Urbino]] through Guidobaldo's title as the Duke of Urbino.]]
'''Guidobaldo II della Rovere''' (2 April 1514 &ndash; 28 September 1574) was an Italian ''[[condottiero]]'', who succeeded his father [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] as [[Duchy of Urbino|Duke of Urbino]] from 1538 until his death in 1574. He was a member of the [[della Rovere|House of La Rovere]]. Guidobaldo was an important patron of the arts in general, and of [[Titian]] in particular, commissioning his own portrait, and buying Titian's ''[[Venus of Urbino]]''.


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
He was the son of [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] and [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]]. In 1535, he married [[Giulia da Varano]] (b. 1523), daughter of the duke of [[Camerino]] and [[Caterina Cybo]], but the couple had no issue. At the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of [[Urbino]] in 1538.
Guidobaldo was the son of [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere]] and [[Eleonora Gonzaga (1493–1570)|Eleonora Gonzaga]].{{sfn|Reiss|2013|p=177}} In 1535, despite a papal ban, he married [[Giulia da Varano]], daughter of the duke of [[Camerino]] and [[Caterina Cybo]].{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} In response to his marriage with Giulia, Pope Paul III excommunicated Guidobaldo, his bride, Giulia, his mother-in-law, Caterina Cybo, in 1535.{{sfn|Robin|2007|p=277}} Upon his installation as duke of Camerino, Paul III placed the duchy under interdict.{{sfn|Brigden|2013|p=227}} Upon the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of [[Urbino]] in 1538.

Guidobaldo and Giulia had a child, Virginia Varana della Rovere, who married Frederico Borromeo.{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}}


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino (1514–1574), Wearing an Armor by Filippo Negroli.jpg|thumb|Portrait of The Duke of Urbino wearing an Armor by [[Filippo Negroli]], ca. 1580–85, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]]]
[[File:Angelo Bronzino - Portrait of Guidobaldo della Rovere.jpg|thumb|Portrait of the Duke of Urbino wearing an Armor by [[Bronzino]], {{circa|1531–33}}, [[Uffizi]]]]
In 1546, he received a ''condotta'' as military leader (''Governatore'') by the [[Republic of Venice]], for which his father had been a valiant commander during the [[Italian Wars]]. After the 1547 death of Giulia da Varano, in 1548 he married Vittoria [[House of Farnese|Farnese]] - the daughter of [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma]] and [[Gerolama Orsini]], daughter of Lodovico Orsini and wife and first cousin Giulia Conti. Later he was made Papal governor of [[Fano]], receiving also the title of ''[[Captain General of the Church|capitano generale]]'' (commander-in-chief) of the [[Papal States]], as well as that of Prefect of [[Rome]].
In 1546, he received a ''condotta'' as military leader (''Governatore'') by the [[Republic of Venice]], for which his father had been a valiant commander during the [[Italian Wars]]. He employed the artist and armourer [[Bartolomeo Campi]], who made him a suit of armour.<ref>[https://www.patrimonionacional.es/colecciones-reales/real-armeria/armadura-la-romana-de-guiobaldo-della-rovere-duque-de-urbino Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid]</ref>

After the death of his first wife, Giulia, in 1548 he married [[Vittoria Farnese, Duchess of Urbino|Vittoria Farnese]], the daughter of [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma]]{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}} and [[Gerolama Orsini]]. Later he was made Papal governor of [[Fano]], receiving also the title of ''[[Captain General of the Church|capitano generale]]'' (commander-in-chief) of the [[Papal States]],{{sfn|Setton|1984|p=601}} as well as that of Prefect of [[Rome]].


In 1559, he was hired by the [[King of Spain]], helping [[Bernardo Sanseverino]] (who had married Isabelle, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Turks.
In 1559, he was hired by the [[King of Spain]], helping [[Bernardo Sanseverino]] (who had married Isabella, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] Turks.


On 1 January 1573, a revolt rose against Guidobaldo in Urbino, due to the excessive tax burden that he was exerting over his state. He reacted by bloodily suppressing the riot.
On 1 January 1573, a revolt rose against Guidobaldo in Urbino, due to the excessive tax burden that he was exerting over his state. He reacted by bloodily suppressing the riot.


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Guidobaldo and Vittoria had:
His additional children included:
* [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]], who succeeded him as Duke of Urbino.
* [[Francesco Maria II della Rovere|Francesco Maria II]], who succeeded him as Duke of Urbino, married Lucrezia d'Este{{sfn|Ammannati|2006|p=344}}
* Isabelle, wife of Niccolò Bernardino Sanseverino, 6° Prince of Bisignano.
* Isabella, wife of Niccolò Bernardino Sanseverino, 6° Prince of Bisignano.
* Lavinia, married [[Alfonso Félix de Ávalos Aquino y Gonzaga, Marquis del Vasto]].
* Lavinia, married [[Alfonso Félix de Ávalos Aquino y Gonzaga, Marquis del Vasto]].


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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
⚫
|1= 1. '''Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino'''
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
⚫
|1= 1. '''Guidobaldo II of Urbino'''
|2= 2. [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere, Duke of Urbino]]
|2= 2. [[Francesco Maria I della Rovere, Duke of Urbino]]
|3= 3. [[Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino|Eleonora Gonzaga]]
|3= 3. [[Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino|Eleonora Gonzaga]]
|4= 4. [[Giovanni della Rovere]]
|4= 4. [[Giovanni della Rovere, Duke of Sora]]
|5= 5. Giovanna da Montefeltro
|5= 5. [[Giovanna da Montefeltro, Duchess of Sora|Giovanna da Montefeltro]]
|6= 6. [[Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua|Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
|6= 6. [[Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
|7= 7. [[Isabella d'Este]]
|7= 7. [[Isabella d'Este]]
|8= 8. Raffaele della Rovere
|8= 8. [[Raffaello della Rovere]]
|9= 9. Teodora Marinola
|9= 9. Teodora Manirolo
|10= 10. [[Federico da Montefeltro|Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino]]
|10= 10. [[Federico da Montefeltro|Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino]]
|11= 11. Battista Sforza
|11= 11. [[Battista Sforza]]
|12= 12. [[Federico I Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua|Federico I Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
|12= 12. [[Federico I Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
⚫
|13= 13. [[Margaret of Bavaria, Marquise of Mantua|Margaret of Bavaria]]
|13= 13. Barbara of Brandenburg
|14= 14. [[Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara]]
|14= 14. [[Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara]]
|15= 15. [[Eleanor of Naples, Duchess of Ferrara|Eleanor of Naples]]
|15= 15. [[Eleanor of Naples, Duchess of Ferrara|Eleanor of Naples]]
|16= 16. Leonardo della Rovere
|17= 17. Lucchina Monleone
|18=
|19=
|20= 20. [[Guidantonio da Montefeltro|Guidantonio da Montefeltro, Count of Urbino]]
|21=
|22= 22. [[Alessandro Sforza]]
|23= 23. Costanza da Varano
|24= 24. [[Ludovico III Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua]]
⚫
|25= 25. [[Barbara of Brandenburg (1423–1481)|Margaret of Bavaria]]
|26= 26. [[John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach]]
|27= 27. Barbara of Saxe-Wittenberg
|28= 28. [[Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara]]
|29= 29. Ricciarda da Saluzzo
|30= 30. [[Ferdinand I of Naples]]
|31= 31. [[Isabella of Clermont]]
}}
}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book|last=Bicchierai|title=Lettere d'illustri capitani mai stampate|year=1854|location=Florence}}

* {{cite book|first=P.|last= Litta|title=Famiglie celebri italiane|year=1834|location=Milan}}
==Sources==
* {{cite book|first=B.|last=Feliciangeli|title=Notizie e documenti su la vita di Caterina Cibo-Varano, duchessa di Camerino|year=1891|location=Camerino}}
*{{cite book |title=Laura Battiferra and Her Literary Circle: An Anthology: A Bilingual Edition |first=Laura Battiferra degli |last=Ammannati |translator-first=Victoria |translator-last=Kirkham |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2006 }}
*{{cite book |chapter=Henry VIII and the Crusade against England |first=Susan |last=Brigden |title=Henry VIII and the Court: Art, Politics and Performance |editor-first1=Thomas |editor-last1=Betteridge |editor-first2=Suzannah |editor-last2=Lipscomb |publisher=Ashgate |year=2013 }}
*{{cite book |chapter=A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy |first=Sheryl E. |last=Reiss |title=A Companion to Renaissance and Baroque Art |editor-first1=Babette |editor-last1=Bohn |editor-first2=James M. |editor-last2=Saslow |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |year=2013 }}
*{{cite book |title=Publishing Women: Salons, the Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy |first=Diana |last=Robin |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |year=2007 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571 |volume=IV: The Sixteenth Century |editor-first=Kenneth Meyer |editor-last=Setton |publisher=American Philosophical Society |year=1984 }}601


==External links==
* [https://www.patrimonionacional.es/colecciones-reales/real-armeria/armadura-la-romana-de-guiobaldo-della-rovere-duque-de-urbino Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid]
* [https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/bartolome-campi Biography of Bartolommeo Campi (died 1573), in Spanish, Real Academia de la Historia]
* [https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O84231/pair-of-stirrups-campi-bartolomeo/ Pair of Stirrups, attribruted to Bartolomeo Campi], [[Victoria and Albert Museum]]


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[[Category:1514 births]]
[[Category:1514 births]]
[[Category:1574 deaths]]
[[Category:1574 deaths]]
[[Category:House of della Rovere|Guidobaldo 2]]
[[Category:Della Rovere family|Guidobaldo 2]]
[[Category:People from Urbino]]
[[Category:People from Urbino]]
[[Category:Dukes of Urbino|Guidobaldo 2]]
[[Category:Dukes of Urbino|Guidobaldo 2]]
[[Category:Condottieri]]
[[Category:16th-century condottieri]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian nobility]]
[[Category:16th-century Italian nobility]]
[[Category:Captains General of the Church]]
[[Category:Captains General of the Church]]

Latest revision as of 20:50, 24 March 2024

Guidobaldo II
Portrait by Titian, 1545
Duke of Urbino
Reign20 October 1538 – 28 September 1574
PredecessorFrancesco Maria I
SuccessorFrancesco Maria II
Born(1514-04-02)2 April 1514
Urbino, Duchy of Urbino
Died28 September 1574(1574-09-28) (aged 60)
Pesaro, Duchy of Urbino
SpouseGiulia da Varano
Vittoria Farnese
IssueVirginia, Duchess of Gravina
Francesco Maria II, Duke of Urbino
Isabella, Princess of Bisignano
Lavinia, Princess of Francavilla
HouseRovere
FatherFrancesco Maria I della Rovere
MotherEleonora Gonzaga
The portrait of Venus of Urbino has acquired its name from the Duchy of Urbino through Guidobaldo's title as the Duke of Urbino.

Guidobaldo II della Rovere (2 April 1514 – 28 September 1574) was an Italian condottiero, who succeeded his father Francesco Maria I della Rovere as Duke of Urbino from 1538 until his death in 1574. He was a member of the House of La Rovere. Guidobaldo was an important patron of the arts in general, and of Titian in particular, commissioning his own portrait, and buying Titian's Venus of Urbino.

Early life

[edit]

Guidobaldo was the son of Francesco Maria I della Rovere and Eleonora Gonzaga.[1] In 1535, despite a papal ban, he married Giulia da Varano, daughter of the duke of Camerino and Caterina Cybo.[2] In response to his marriage with Giulia, Pope Paul III excommunicated Guidobaldo, his bride, Giulia, his mother-in-law, Caterina Cybo, in 1535.[2] Upon his installation as duke of Camerino, Paul III placed the duchy under interdict.[3] Upon the assassination of his father, Guidobaldo became duke of Urbino in 1538.

Guidobaldo and Giulia had a child, Virginia Varana della Rovere, who married Frederico Borromeo.[4]

Career

[edit]
Portrait of the Duke of Urbino wearing an Armor by Bronzino, c. 1531–33, Uffizi

In 1546, he received a condotta as military leader (Governatore) by the Republic of Venice, for which his father had been a valiant commander during the Italian Wars. He employed the artist and armourer Bartolomeo Campi, who made him a suit of armour.[5]

After the death of his first wife, Giulia, in 1548 he married Vittoria Farnese, the daughter of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma[4] and Gerolama Orsini. Later he was made Papal governor of Fano, receiving also the title of capitano generale (commander-in-chief) of the Papal States,[6] as well as that of Prefect of Rome.

In 1559, he was hired by the King of Spain, helping Bernardo Sanseverino (who had married Isabella, one of Guidobaldo's daughters) in the war against the Ottoman Turks.

On 1 January 1573, a revolt rose against Guidobaldo in Urbino, due to the excessive tax burden that he was exerting over his state. He reacted by bloodily suppressing the riot.

Personal life

[edit]

Guidobaldo and Vittoria had:

After falling ill during a voyage to Ferrara and Pesaro, he died in the latter town in 1574.

Ancestry

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Reiss 2013, p. 177.
  2. ^ a b Robin 2007, p. 277.
  3. ^ Brigden 2013, p. 227.
  4. ^ a b c Ammannati 2006, p. 344.
  5. ^ Armour of Guiobaldo della Rovere, by Bartolomeo Campi, 1546, Real Armería, Madrid
  6. ^ Setton 1984, p. 601.

Sources

[edit]
  • Ammannati, Laura Battiferra degli (2006). Laura Battiferra and Her Literary Circle: An Anthology: A Bilingual Edition. Translated by Kirkham, Victoria. University of Chicago Press.
  • Brigden, Susan (2013). "Henry VIII and the Crusade against England". In Betteridge, Thomas; Lipscomb, Suzannah (eds.). Henry VIII and the Court: Art, Politics and Performance. Ashgate.
  • Reiss, Sheryl E. (2013). "A Taxonomy of Art Patronage in Renaissance Italy". In Bohn, Babette; Saslow, James M. (eds.). A Companion to Renaissance and Baroque Art. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Robin, Diana (2007). Publishing Women: Salons, the Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy. The University of Chicago Press.
  • Setton, Kenneth Meyer, ed. (1984). The Papacy and the Levant, 1204-1571. Vol. IV: The Sixteenth Century. American Philosophical Society.601


[edit]
Preceded by Duke of Urbino

1538–1574 		Succeeded by
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