Hangzhou Bay: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Location Hangzhou Bay Bridge.PNG|thumb|right| |
[[File:Location Hangzhou Bay Bridge.PNG|thumb|right|300px|Hangzhou Bay extends from the [[East China Sea]] (right) to its namesake, the city of [[Hangzhou]], where the [[Qiantang River]] flows in (left). The red line shows the first bridge crossing of the bay, [[Hangzhou Bay Bridge]]. [[Zhoushan Islands]] is the archipelago, off [[Ningbo]], at the southeast edge of the Bay (lower right). Shanghai is north of the bay (upper right).]] |
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'''Hangzhou Bay''' |
'''Hangzhou Bay'''{{efn|{{zh|s=杭州湾|p=Hángzhōu Wān''; [[Hangzhounese|Hangzhou Wu]]:'' han-tsei uae}}}} is a funnel-shaped inlet of the [[East China Sea]], bordered by the province of [[Zhejiang]] and the municipality of [[Shanghai]], which lies north of the Bay. The Bay extends from the East China Sea to its head at the city of [[Hangzhou]], from which its name is derived. |
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At Hangzhou, the [[Qiantang River]] flows into this Bay, providing freshwater from the West while seawater comes in from the East. |
At Hangzhou, the [[Qiantang River]] flows into this Bay, providing freshwater from the West while seawater comes in from the East. Thus, Hangzhou Bay, especially its western end, is sometimes called in the scientific literature as the Qiantang River [[Estuary]].<ref name="qiantang 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Ying |last2=Pan |first2=Dong-Zi |last3=Chanson |first3=Hubert |last4=Pan |first4=Cun-Hong |title=Real-time characteristics of tidal bore propagation in the Qiantang River Estuary, China, recorded by marine radar |journal=Continental Shelf Research |date=July 2019 |volume=180 |pages=48–58 |doi=10.1016/j.csr.2019.04.012 |publisher=Elsevier |bibcode=2019CSR...180...48L |s2cid=155917795 |url=https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:be98433/UQbe98433_OA.pdf }}</ref> |
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At the southeast end of Hangzhou Bay, off [[Ningbo]], are many small islands that are collectively called the [[Zhoushan Islands]]. This archipelago of islands is urbanized with the administrative status of a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. |
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At less than 15 meters in depth, the entire Bay is relatively shallow. |
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At less than 15 meters in depth, the entire Bay is relatively shallow. Consequently, the main port in the Bay area is the one in [[Ningbo]] and [[Zhoushan]], at the southeast end of the Bay on the coast of East China Sea. |
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Hangzhou Bay contains many small islands that are collectively called the "[[Zhoushan Islands]]." |
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== Qiantang River tidal bore == |
== Qiantang River tidal bore == |
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[[File:盐官一线潮5.jpg|thumb|Yanguan tidal bore (2017)]] |
[[File:盐官一线潮5.jpg|thumb|[[:zh:盐官镇 (海宁市)|Yanguan]] tidal bore (2017)]] |
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The Bay is known for hosting the world's largest [[tidal bore]], up to 9 |
The Bay is known for hosting the world's largest [[tidal bore]], up to {{convert|9|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} high, and traveling up to {{convert|40|km|mi|abbr=on}} per hour. ''[[:zh:盐官镇 (海宁市)|Yanguan Town]] Tide-Viewing Park'' (盐官镇观潮胜地公园 Yánguān Zhèn Guāncháo Shèngdì Gōngyuán), on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay some 50 km east of the city of Hangzhou, is regarded as one of the best place to watch the Qiantang River Tidal Bore, especially on the 18th day of the eighth lunar month.<ref name="qiantang 2019" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Qiantang River Tidal Bore |url=https://rove.me/to/china/qiantang-river-tidal-bore |website=rove.me |access-date=20 May 2020}}</ref> |
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== Bay bridges == |
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[[File:Hangzhou Bay Bridge-1.jpg|thumb|right |
[[File:Hangzhou Bay Bridge-1.jpg|thumb|right|Hangzhou Bay Bridge: northern cable-stayed span]] |
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[[File:Hangzhou Bay Bridge Tour Station.jpg|thumb|right|Service center with lookout tower at midpoint of Hangzhou Bay Bridge]] |
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The Bay is spanned by the [[Hangzhou Bay Bridge]], which was linked up on June 14, 2007 and opened on 1 May, 2008. One of the [[longest bridges in the world]], it cuts the trip between eastern [[Zhejiang]] and [[Shanghai]] from 400 to 80 kilometers (250 to 50 miles). |
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The Bay was first spanned by the [[Hangzhou Bay Bridge]], which was linked up on June 14, 2007, and opened on May 1, 2008. It is a long {{convert|35.7|km|mi|abbr=on}} bridge carrying {{jct|country=CHN|Ex|15}} expressway, three lanes each way, with two separate cable-stayed portions and a service center at the bridge midpoint. It runs across the mouth of Hangzhou Bay connecting the municipalities of [[Jiaxing]] and [[Ningbo]] in Zhejiang province. One of the [[longest bridges in the world]], it cuts the trip between eastern [[Zhejiang]] and [[Shanghai]] from {{convert|400 to 80|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}}. |
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[[File: Jiashao Bridge.jpg|thumb|The Jiashao Bridge with six consecutive cable-stayed spans]] |
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The second bridge crossing of the Bay is the [[Jiashao Bridge]], located west of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, and completed in 2013. It stretches {{convert|10.14|km|mi|abbr=on}} across the Qiantang River estuary and carries the {{jct|country=CHN|Ex|15W}} expressway, four lanes each way, over six consecutive cable-stayed spans supported by six tall pylons. The Jiashao Bridge connects [[Shaoxing]] on the south shore of the Bay to a point on the north shore of the Bay due south of [[Jiaxing]] and provides a more direct route for vehicle traffic between Shaoxing and Shanghai. |
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Another bridge is planned which will carry the [[Nantong–Ningbo high-speed railway]]. |
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== Hangzhou Great Bay Area == |
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In 2018, the Zhejiang provincial government, following in [[Guangdong]]'s footsteps, released ambitious plans for the ''Hangzhou Great Bay Area'', aiming for a mega urban re-development schema that would double the economic output of the region by 2022 and develop a “world class” bay area in Zhejiang by 2035. The Great Bay Area, an economic and industrial belt centered around Hangzhou Bay, is home to about 40 million people and, as of 2017, accounts for 87 percent of the province's economic output. The challenge to Zhejiang's vision may be its interaction with Shanghai.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wang |first1=Orange |title=Chinese province Zhejiang jumps on the Greater Bay Area bandwagon with its own ambitious regional blueprint |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/economy/article/2148352/chinese-province-zhejiang-jumps-greater-bay-area-bandwagon-its |website=scmp.com |access-date=22 May 2020 |date=May 2018}}</ref> |
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== See also== |
== See also== |
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* [[Qiantang River]] |
* [[Qiantang River]] |
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* [[Tidal bore]] |
* [[Tidal bore]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan]] |
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* [[ |
* [[Yangtze River Delta]] |
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== Notes == |
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{{notelist}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist }} |
{{Reflist }} |
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{{Bays of China}} |
{{Bays of China}} |
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{{Zhejiang topics}} |
{{Zhejiang topics}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{ |
{{Coord|30.2852|N|120.924|E|source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}} |
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[[Category:Bays of China]] |
[[Category:Bays of China]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:10, 31 March 2024
Hangzhou Bay[a] is a funnel-shaped inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai, which lies north of the Bay. The Bay extends from the East China Sea to its head at the city of Hangzhou, from which its name is derived.
At Hangzhou, the Qiantang River flows into this Bay, providing freshwater from the West while seawater comes in from the East. Thus, Hangzhou Bay, especially its western end, is sometimes called in the scientific literature as the Qiantang River Estuary.[1]
At the southeast end of Hangzhou Bay, off Ningbo, are many small islands that are collectively called the Zhoushan Islands. This archipelago of islands is urbanized with the administrative status of a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province.
At less than 15 meters in depth, the entire Bay is relatively shallow. Consequently, the main port in the Bay area is the one in Ningbo and Zhoushan, at the southeast end of the Bay on the coast of East China Sea.
Qiantang River tidal bore
[edit]
The Bay is known for hosting the world's largest tidal bore, up to 9 meters (30 feet) high, and traveling up to 40 km (25 mi) per hour. Yanguan Town Tide-Viewing Park (盐官镇观潮胜地公园 Yánguān Zhèn Guāncháo Shèngdì Gōngyuán), on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay some 50 km east of the city of Hangzhou, is regarded as one of the best place to watch the Qiantang River Tidal Bore, especially on the 18th day of the eighth lunar month.[1][2]
Bay bridges
[edit]
The Bay was first spanned by the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, which was linked up on June 14, 2007, and opened on May 1, 2008. It is a long 35.7 km (22.2 mi) bridge carrying 
G15 expressway, three lanes each way, with two separate cable-stayed portions and a service center at the bridge midpoint. It runs across the mouth of Hangzhou Bay connecting the municipalities of Jiaxing and Ningbo in Zhejiang province. One of the longest bridges in the world, it cuts the trip between eastern Zhejiang and Shanghai from 400 to 80 kilometers (249 to 50 miles).
The second bridge crossing of the Bay is the Jiashao Bridge, located west of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, and completed in 2013. It stretches 10.14 km (6.30 mi) across the Qiantang River estuary and carries the 
G15W expressway, four lanes each way, over six consecutive cable-stayed spans supported by six tall pylons. The Jiashao Bridge connects Shaoxing on the south shore of the Bay to a point on the north shore of the Bay due south of Jiaxing and provides a more direct route for vehicle traffic between Shaoxing and Shanghai.
Another bridge is planned which will carry the Nantong–Ningbo high-speed railway.
Hangzhou Great Bay Area
[edit]In 2018, the Zhejiang provincial government, following in Guangdong's footsteps, released ambitious plans for the Hangzhou Great Bay Area, aiming for a mega urban re-development schema that would double the economic output of the region by 2022 and develop a “world class” bay area in Zhejiang by 2035. The Great Bay Area, an economic and industrial belt centered around Hangzhou Bay, is home to about 40 million people and, as of 2017, accounts for 87 percent of the province's economic output. The challenge to Zhejiang's vision may be its interaction with Shanghai.[3]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Chinese: 杭州湾; pinyin: Hángzhōu Wān; Hangzhou Wu: han-tsei uae
References
[edit]- ^ a b Li, Ying; Pan, Dong-Zi; Chanson, Hubert; Pan, Cun-Hong (July 2019). "Real-time characteristics of tidal bore propagation in the Qiantang River Estuary, China, recorded by marine radar" (PDF). Continental Shelf Research. 180. Elsevier: 48–58. Bibcode:2019CSR...180...48L. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2019.04.012. S2CID 155917795.
- ^ "Qiantang River Tidal Bore". rove.me. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
- ^ Wang, Orange (May 2018). "Chinese province Zhejiang jumps on the Greater Bay Area bandwagon with its own ambitious regional blueprint". scmp.com. Retrieved May 22, 2020.
30°17′07″N 120°55′26″E / 30.2852°N 120.924°E
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