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{{Short description|Bush regenerators (1916–1982)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2024}}
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| name = Joan Bradley
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}{{Infobox person
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| image = Joan and Eileen Bradley environmentalists.jpg
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| name = Joan and Eileen Bradley
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| image_size =
| caption = Eileen and Joan Bradley - environmentalists
| image = Joan and Eileen Bradley environmentalists.jpg
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| image_size =
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| birth_name = Joan Burton Bradley
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| caption = Eileen and Joan Bradley - environmentalists
| birth_date = 2 September 1916
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| birth_name = Joan Burton Bradley and Eileen Burton Bradley
| birth_place = [[Neutral Bay]]
| death_date = 18 May 1982
| birth_date =
| death_place = [[Clifton Gardens]]
| birth_place = [[Neutral Bay]]
| death_date =
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| death_cause =
| death_place =
| known_for = [[Bush regeneration]]
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| death_cause =
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| education = [[University of Sydney]]
| employer = [[National Trust of Australia]]
| known_for = [[Bush regeneration]]
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| education =
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| occupation = chemist and environmentalist
| employer = [[National Trust of Australia]]
| relatives =
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| occupation = chemist and environmentalist
| signature =
| website =
| relatives =
| footnotes =
| signature =
| website =
⚫
| nationality = [[Australia]]n
| footnotes =
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| nationality = [[Australia]]n
}}
}}
'''Joan Burton Bradley''' (1916 – 1982) was an [[Australia]]n industrial chemist who with her sister, '''Eileen Burton Bradley''', became [[Bush regeneration|bush regenerators]]. They created a successful method of controlling invasive plants.
'''Joan Burton Bradley''' (2 September 1916 – 18 May 1982) and her sister '''Eileen Burton Bradley''' (14 August 1911 {{endash}} 1976) were Australian [[Bush regeneration|bush regenerators]]. They created a successful method of controlling invasive plants.


==Life==
==Life==


Bradley was born in [[Neutral Bay]] in 1916. Her parents were Caroline Mary (born Drummond) and John Houghton Bradley.<ref name=jadrb>{{Citation |last=Radi |first=Heather |title=Joan Burton Bradley (1916–1982) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bradley-joan-burton-10001 |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |access-date=2023-11-11 |place=Canberra |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |language=en}}</ref> She was very close to her elder sister Eileen Bradley who had been born in 1911.<ref name=bush>{{Cite web |title=The Bradley Sisters |url=https://www.mosmanparksandbushland.org/the-bradley-sisters |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Mosman Parks & Bushland Association |language=en-AU}}</ref> Joan attended the University of Sydney and afterwards worked as an industrial chemist. Her sister was based sat home but she did work at a dentists. Their father was a dentist and the rest of the family were amateur gardeners. In time the two sisters aided by their mother created a decorating business.<ref name=jadrb/>
Eileen Bradley was born in [[Neutral Bay]] in 1911, and her sister Joan was born five years later in 1916. Their parents were Caroline Mary (born Drummond) and John Houghton Bradley.<ref name=jadrb>{{Citation |last=Radi |first=Heather |title=Joan Burton Bradley (1916–1982) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/bradley-joan-burton-10001 |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |access-date=2023-11-11 |place=Canberra |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |language=en}}</ref> The two sisters were very close.<ref name=bush>{{Cite web |title=The Bradley Sisters |url=https://www.mosmanparksandbushland.org/the-bradley-sisters |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Mosman Parks & Bushland Association |language=en-AU}}</ref> Joan attended the University of Sydney and afterwards worked as an industrial chemist. Eileen was based at home but she did work at a dentists. Their father was a dentist and the rest of the family were amateur gardeners. In time the two sisters aided by their mother created a decorating business.<ref name=jadrb/>


In 1958 the sisters published "Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens" in the peer reviewed journal [[Emu (journal)|Emu]], which described their work trapping and ringing 25 [[Superb fairywren]]s from three different groups.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bradley |first=Eileen |last2=Bradley |first2=Joan |date=1958 |title=Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens |journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology |language=en |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=313–326 |doi=10.1071/MU958313 |issn=0158-4197}}</ref> which they found in their garden and the nearby Ashton Park. Six years later they went to the press when they noticed that the population had been decimated. Joan was a trained chemist and they pointed out that [[organochlorine insecticide]]s caused sterility in birds.<ref name=jadrb/>
In 1958 the sisters published "Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens" in the peer-reviewed journal [[Emu (journal)|''Emu'']], which described their work trapping and ringing 25 [[superb fairywren]]s from three different groups,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bradley |first1=Eileen |last2=Bradley |first2=Joan |date=1958 |title=Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens |journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology |language=en |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=313–326 |doi=10.1071/MU958313 |bibcode=1958EmuAO..58..313B |issn=0158-4197}}</ref> which they found in their garden and the nearby Ashton Park. Six years later they went to the press when they noticed that the population had been decimated. Joan was a trained chemist and they pointed out that [[organochlorine insecticide]]s caused sterility in birds.<ref name=jadrb/>


The sisters are known for their ideas for encouraging native plants to grow. They had seen that when weeds were cut back the weeds not only returned but they were stronger and encouraged. However their random acts of removing the plants they did not like seemed to work.<ref name=pioneer>{{Cite book |last=Mulligan |first=Martin |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vZ5pH6RmDDoC&pg=PA208&dq=%22weeds+and+their+control%22+bradley&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjbr5-g0ruCAxUoVUEAHTQKDgQQ6AF6BAgKEAI#v=onepage&q=%22weeds%20and%20their%20control%22%20bradley&f=false |title=Ecological Pioneers: A Social History of Australian Ecological Thought and Action |last2=Hill |first2=Stuart |page=208|date=2001-10-22 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-00956-0 |language=en}}</ref> They experimented with weeding using only handtools and found that removing weeds was much more successful. Importantly they would retain the mulch to make sure that seeds were not mistakenly removed. They worked for only an hour a day attacking an area from less infested areas and only proceeding to more infested areas as they witnessed regrowth after their work. They saw that native plants needed time to take over land so they had to be careful to be gentle and to not proceed too quickly. An area of high infestation should only be tackled when all the nearby areas were cleared.<ref name=pioneer/> Eileen Bradley published ''Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W.'' in 1967<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bradley |first=Eileen |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Xtm1NAAACAAJ&dq=%22weeds+and+their+control%22+bradley&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&redir_esc=y |title=Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W. |date=1967 |publisher=Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association |language=en}}</ref> and in 1971 Joan published ''Bush Regeneration''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bradley |first=Joan |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xP27NQAACAAJ&dq=joan+bradley+Bush+Regeneration&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&redir_esc=y |title=Bush Regeneration |date=1971 |publisher=Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association |isbn=978-0-9599665-0-3 |language=en}}</ref>
The sisters are known for their ideas for encouraging native plants to grow. They had seen that when weeds were cut back, they not only returned but they were stronger and more vigorous. However, their random acts of removing plants they did not like seemed to be successful.<ref name=pioneer>{{Cite book |last1=Mulligan |first1=Martin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZ5pH6RmDDoC&dq=%22weeds+and+their+control%22+bradley&pg=PA208 |title=Ecological Pioneers: A Social History of Australian Ecological Thought and Action |last2=Hill |first2=Stuart |page=208|date=2001-10-22 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-00956-0 |language=en}}</ref> They experimented with weeding using only hand tools and found that removing weeds by hand was much more successful. Importantly, they would retain the mulch, after they had worked, to make sure that seeds were not mistakenly removed. They worked for only an hour a day attacking a less-infested area and only proceeding to more-infested areas as they witnessed regrowth after their work. They saw that native plants needed time to take over land so they had to be careful to be gentle and to not proceed too quickly. An area of high infestation should only be tackled when all the nearby areas were cleared.<ref name=pioneer/> Eileen Bradley published ''Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W.'' in 1967<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bradley |first=Eileen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xtm1NAAACAAJ&q=%22weeds+and+their+control%22+bradley |title=Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W. |date=1967 |publisher=Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association |language=en}}</ref> and in 1971 Joan published ''Bush Regeneration''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bradley |first=Joan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xP27NQAACAAJ&q=joan+bradley+Bush+Regeneration |title=Bush Regeneration |date=1971 |publisher=Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association |isbn=978-0-9599665-0-3 |language=en}}</ref>


Joan was employed by the [[National Trust of Australia]] in 1975 as they experimented with the Bradley method of controlling weeds at the Ludovic Blackwood Memorial Sanctuary in Beecroft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=heather |date=2015-04-26 |title=Other Parks |url=https://bchg.org.au/2015/04/26/other-parks/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Beecroft Cheltenham History Group |language=en-AU}}</ref>
Joan was employed by the [[National Trust of Australia]] in 1975 as they experimented with the Bradley method of controlling weeds at the Ludovic Blackwood Memorial Sanctuary in Beecroft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=heather |date=2015-04-26 |title=Other Parks |url=https://bchg.org.au/2015/04/26/other-parks/ |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Beecroft Cheltenham History Group |language=en-AU}}</ref>


Bradley died in [[Clifton Gardens]] in 1916 six years after her sister.<ref name=jadrb/>
Joan died in [[Clifton Gardens, New South Wales|Clifton Gardens]] in 1982, six years after Eileen. Both had died of [[myocardial infarction]].<ref name=jadrb/>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 19:24, 1 April 2024

Joan and Eileen Bradley
Eileen and Joan Bradley - environmentalists
Born
Joan Burton Bradley and Eileen Burton Bradley

Neutral Bay
NationalityAustralian
Occupation(s)chemist and environmentalist
EmployerNational Trust of Australia
Known forBush regeneration

Joan Burton Bradley (2 September 1916 – 18 May 1982) and her sister Eileen Burton Bradley (14 August 1911 – 1976) were Australian bush regenerators. They created a successful method of controlling invasive plants.

Life

[edit]

Eileen Bradley was born in Neutral Bay in 1911, and her sister Joan was born five years later in 1916. Their parents were Caroline Mary (born Drummond) and John Houghton Bradley.[1] The two sisters were very close.[2] Joan attended the University of Sydney and afterwards worked as an industrial chemist. Eileen was based at home but she did work at a dentists. Their father was a dentist and the rest of the family were amateur gardeners. In time the two sisters aided by their mother created a decorating business.[1]

In 1958 the sisters published "Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens" in the peer-reviewed journal Emu, which described their work trapping and ringing 25 superb fairywrens from three different groups,[3] which they found in their garden and the nearby Ashton Park. Six years later they went to the press when they noticed that the population had been decimated. Joan was a trained chemist and they pointed out that organochlorine insecticides caused sterility in birds.[1]

The sisters are known for their ideas for encouraging native plants to grow. They had seen that when weeds were cut back, they not only returned but they were stronger and more vigorous. However, their random acts of removing plants they did not like seemed to be successful.[4] They experimented with weeding using only hand tools and found that removing weeds by hand was much more successful. Importantly, they would retain the mulch, after they had worked, to make sure that seeds were not mistakenly removed. They worked for only an hour a day attacking a less-infested area and only proceeding to more-infested areas as they witnessed regrowth after their work. They saw that native plants needed time to take over land so they had to be careful to be gentle and to not proceed too quickly. An area of high infestation should only be tackled when all the nearby areas were cleared.[4] Eileen Bradley published Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W. in 1967[5] and in 1971 Joan published Bush Regeneration.[6]

Joan was employed by the National Trust of Australia in 1975 as they experimented with the Bradley method of controlling weeds at the Ludovic Blackwood Memorial Sanctuary in Beecroft.[7]

Joan died in Clifton Gardens in 1982, six years after Eileen. Both had died of myocardial infarction.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Radi, Heather, "Joan Burton Bradley (1916–1982)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 11 November 2023
  2. ^ "The Bradley Sisters". Mosman Parks & Bushland Association. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  3. ^ Bradley, Eileen; Bradley, Joan (1958). "Notes on the Behaviour and Plumage of Colour-ringed Blue Wrens". Emu - Austral Ornithology. 58 (4): 313–326. Bibcode:1958EmuAO..58..313B. doi:10.1071/MU958313. ISSN 0158-4197.
  4. ^ a b Mulligan, Martin; Hill, Stuart (22 October 2001). Ecological Pioneers: A Social History of Australian Ecological Thought and Action. Cambridge University Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-521-00956-0.
  5. ^ Bradley, Eileen (1967). Weeds and Their Control, Ashton Park, Mosman, N.S.W. Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association.
  6. ^ Bradley, Joan (1971). Bush Regeneration. Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association. ISBN 978-0-9599665-0-3.
  7. ^ heather (26 April 2015). "Other Parks". Beecroft Cheltenham History Group. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
[edit]
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