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| equity =
| equity =
| num_employees =
| num_employees =
| parent = [[Rolls-Royce plc]], MTU, Avio
| parent = [[Rolls-Royce Holdings]] <br> [[MTU Aero Engines]] <br> [[Avio]]
| homepage = [http://www.turbounion.co.uk Turbo Union]
| homepage = [http://www.turbounion.co.uk Turbo Union]
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Turbo-Union Limited''' is a joint venture between three European [[Aircraft engine|aero-engine]] manufacturers, [[Avio|FiatAvio]] (now Avio), [[MTU Aero Engines]] and [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]].
'''Turbo-Union Limited''' is a joint venture of three European [[Aircraft engine|aero-engine]] manufacturers, [[Avio|FiatAvio]] (now Avio), [[MTU Aero Engines]] and [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]].


==Products==
==Products==
The company's only product is the [[Turbo-Union RB199|RB199]], a three-spool [[turbofan]] developed specifically for the [[Panavia Tornado]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Turbounion|url=http://www.turbounion.co.uk/|publisher=Turbounion|accessdate=1 January 2016}}</ref>
The company's only product is the [[Turbo-Union RB199|RB199]], a three-spool [[turbofan]] developed specifically for the [[Panavia Tornado]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Turbounion|url=http://www.turbounion.co.uk/|publisher=Turbounion|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref>


==Structure==
==Structure==
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* 40% [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]]
* 40% [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]]
* 40% [[MTU Aero Engines]]
* 40% [[MTU Aero Engines]]
* 20% [[Avio]] [[Società per Azioni|S.p.A.]] (formerly [[Fiat Aviazione]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=Skinner|first1=Stephen|title=British Aircraft Corporation: A History|date=2012|publisher=Crowood|isbn=9781847974501|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hQY9BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT524&lpg=PT524&dq=Turbo-Union+1969&source=bl&ots=y0O1-ybAPW&sig=YKYnb02XcuLxcgk_KUw_Nd8ZnL0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjko9vB7ojKAhXJwBQKHRanAKQQ6AEIQjAG#v=onepage&q=Turbo-Union%201969&f=false|accessdate=1 January 2016}}</ref>
* 20% [[Avio]] [[Società per Azioni|S.p.A.]] (formerly [[Fiat Aviazione]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=Skinner|first1=Stephen|title=British Aircraft Corporation: A History|date=2012|publisher=Crowood|isbn=9781847974501|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hQY9BAAAQBAJ&q=Turbo-Union+1969&pg=PT524|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref>


It had an office on ''Arabellastraße'' in Munich near both [[NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency|NAMMA]] and [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia]], but the head office was initially at [[Filton]]. It was known as Rolls-Royce Turbo-Union Ltd. Turbo-Union was a fully integrated and collaborative European Company, whose formal language was English, by kind and charitable agreement of the Governments concerned. The organisation of the company was of FG (Functional Group) kind - for example, FG4 was Concept Design Engineering, FG6 was Customer Support Engineering and Provisioning, and so on. Each FG was chaired by a European person included people from all three companies as required. The FG also had subgroups - for example, FG4-4 was Development, FG6-2 was FTC (Flight Test Centre) support.
It had an office on ''Arabellastraße'' in Munich near both [[NATO Eurofighter and Tornado Management Agency|NAMMA]] and [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia]], but the head office was initially at [[Filton]]. It was known as Turbo-Union Ltd. Turbo-Union was a fully integrated and collaborative European Company, whose formal language was English, by kind and charitable agreement of the Governments concerned. The organisation of the company was of FG (Functional Group) kind - for example, FG4 was Concept Design Engineering, FG6 was Customer Support Engineering and Provisioning, and so on. Each FG was chaired by a European person included people from all three companies as required. The FG also had subgroups - for example, FG4-4 was Development, FG6-2 was FTC (Flight Test Centre) support.


The company is now based at the home of Rolls-Royce in Derby,<ref>{{cite web|title=Turbo-Union Limited|url=https://www.duedil.com/company/00962980/turbo-union-limited|publisher=DueDil|accessdate=1 January 2016}}</ref> but also has an office at the [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia]] head office in Germany at [[Hallbergmoos]].
The company is now based at the home of Rolls-Royce in Derby,<ref>{{cite web|title=Turbo-Union Limited|url=https://www.duedil.com/company/00962980/turbo-union-limited|publisher=DueDil|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> but also has an office at the [[Panavia Aircraft GmbH|Panavia]] head office in Germany at [[Hallbergmoos]].


==Production sites==
==Production sites==
Turbo Union as a whole designed and produced the engine, albeit the GA (General Arrangement) drawing was assembled at Bristol ([[Filton]]) from all three partners' inputs. Over 2000 engines were built up to and including the 1990s, from components sourced in all three countries in approximate proportion to their Governmental support.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Turbo-Union|journal=Flight International|date=19 January 1980|page=183|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1980/1980%20-%200193.PDF}}</ref> The RAF had engines assembled and supported from Bristol, the [[German Air Force]] and [[German Navy|Navy]] from [[Munich]], and the [[Italian Air Force]] from Turin (Torino).
Turbo Union as a whole designed and produced the engine, albeit the GA (General Arrangement) drawing was assembled at Bristol ([[Filton]]) from all three partners' inputs. Over 2000 engines were built up to and including the 1990s, from components sourced in all three countries in approximate proportion to their Governmental support.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Turbo-Union|journal=Flight International|date=19 January 1980|page=183|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1980/1980%20-%200193.PDF}}</ref> The RAF had engines assembled and supported from Bristol, the [[German Air Force]] and [[German Navy|Navy]] from [[Munchen]], and the [[Italian Air Force]] from Torino.


==History==
==History==
When it was formed in October 1969 it was claimed to be the largest aero-engine consortium in the world. The RB199 would be Europe's biggest ever military engine programme, and was based at Filton.
When it was formed in October 1969 it was claimed to be the largest aero-engine consortium in the world. The RB199 would be Europe's biggest ever military engine programme, and was based n Munchen.


Development of the Rolls-Royce RB199 started in September 1969, prior to the formation of Turbo-Union.
Development of the RB199 started in September 1969, prior to the formation of Turbo-Union.

⚫
The first RB199 engine ran in September 1971, with the first flight in a Tornado in August 1974.<ref>{{cite web|title=Panavia Tornado celebrates 40 years of first flight|url=http://www.panavia.de/news-events/detail/?tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=4&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&cHash=32d35b6b480896bbce9607cf271ae16b|publisher=Panavia|accessdate=1 January 2016}}</ref> The engines are all [[FADEC]] controlled with slightly different engine versions for each Tornado variant. The French took no part in the European project, not least because it was a direct competitor of the [[Snecma M53]] engine. However, later in the 1980s, the French joined [[MTU Turbomeca Rolls-Royce]] to build the [[MTR MTR390]] helicopter engine.


⚫
The first RB199 engine ran in September 1971, with the first flight in a Tornado in August 1974.<ref>{{cite web|title=Panavia Tornado celebrates 40 years of first flight|url=http://www.panavia.de/news-events/detail/?tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=4&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&cHash=32d35b6b480896bbce9607cf271ae16b|publisher=Panavia|access-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> The engines are all electronically controlled with slightly different engine versions for each Tornado variant.
In 1983, a Swiss organisation, the [[Arbeitsgruppe für Luft und Raumfahrt]] (ALR) based in Zurich, proposed an aircraft called the [[ALR Piranha|Piranha 6]] powered by a single RB199.
In 1983, a Swiss organisation, the [[Arbeitsgruppe für Luft und Raumfahrt]] (ALR) based in Zurich, proposed an aircraft called the [[ALR Piranha|Piranha 6]] powered by a single RB199.


The first prototype Eurofighter planes used the RB199 engine, until in June 1995 when the first EJ200-engined plane took off from Turin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Eurofighter Typhoon|url=https://typhoon.starstreak.net/Eurofighter/engines.html|publisher=Eurojet|accessdate=1 January 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008015338/http://typhoon.starstreak.net/Eurofighter/engines.html|archivedate=8 October 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Its predecessor, the [[British Aerospace EAP]], also used the engines.
The first prototype Eurofighter planes used the RB199 engine, until in June 1995 when the first EJ200-engined plane took off from Turin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Eurofighter Typhoon|url=https://typhoon.starstreak.net/Eurofighter/engines.html|publisher=Eurojet|access-date=1 January 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151008015338/http://typhoon.starstreak.net/Eurofighter/engines.html|archive-date=8 October 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Its predecessor, the [[British Aerospace EAP]], also used the engines.


===Management===
===Management===
The first Chairman was Hugh Conway, the Managing Director of the Bristol (Filton) plant of Rolls-Royce. [[Marshal of the Royal Air Force]] [[Denis Spotswood]] was Chairman from 1975-80.
The first chairman was Hugh Conway, the managing director of the Bristol (Filton) plant of Rolls-Royce. [[Marshal of the Royal Air Force]] [[Denis Spotswood]] was chairman from 1975 to 1980.


For many years, the designer of the Pegasus engine, [[Gordon Lewis (engineer)|Gordon Lewis]], was Managing Director. Previous to him was Martin Steinberger of Motoren und Turbinen-Union (MTU - based in Munich). Karlheinz Koch was MD until 2008.
For many years, the designer of the Pegasus engine, [[Gordon Lewis (engineer)|Gordon Lewis]], was managing director. Previous to him was Martin Steinberger of Motoren und Turbinen-Union (MTU - based in Munich). Karlheinz Koch was MD until 2008.


[[File:Rolls Royce RB.199 4.jpg|thumb|right|RB199 engine]]
[[File:Rolls Royce RB.199 4.jpg|thumb|right|RB199 engine]]
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book |last= Gunston |first= Bill |coauthors= |title= World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition |year= 2006 |publisher= Sutton Publishing Limited |location= Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK |isbn= 0-7509-4479-X |pages= }}
* {{cite book |last= Gunston |first= Bill |title= World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition |year= 2006 |publisher= Sutton Publishing Limited |location= Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK |isbn= 0-7509-4479-X }}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 10:17, 2 April 2024

Turbo-Union Ltd
Company typeJoint venture, limited company
IndustryGas turbine engines
Founded14 October 1969; 55 years ago (1969-10-14)
HeadquartersMoor Lane, Derby
Area served
UK, Italy, Germany
ProductsRB199
ParentRolls-Royce Holdings
MTU Aero Engines
Avio
WebsiteTurbo Union

Turbo-Union Limited is a joint venture of three European aero-engine manufacturers, FiatAvio (now Avio), MTU Aero Engines and Rolls-Royce.

Products

[edit]

The company's only product is the RB199, a three-spool turbofan developed specifically for the Panavia Tornado.[1]

Structure

[edit]

The ownership of the company similarly split into-

It had an office on Arabellastraße in Munich near both NAMMA and Panavia, but the head office was initially at Filton. It was known as Turbo-Union Ltd. Turbo-Union was a fully integrated and collaborative European Company, whose formal language was English, by kind and charitable agreement of the Governments concerned. The organisation of the company was of FG (Functional Group) kind - for example, FG4 was Concept Design Engineering, FG6 was Customer Support Engineering and Provisioning, and so on. Each FG was chaired by a European person included people from all three companies as required. The FG also had subgroups - for example, FG4-4 was Development, FG6-2 was FTC (Flight Test Centre) support.

The company is now based at the home of Rolls-Royce in Derby,[3] but also has an office at the Panavia head office in Germany at Hallbergmoos.

Production sites

[edit]

Turbo Union as a whole designed and produced the engine, albeit the GA (General Arrangement) drawing was assembled at Bristol (Filton) from all three partners' inputs. Over 2000 engines were built up to and including the 1990s, from components sourced in all three countries in approximate proportion to their Governmental support.[4] The RAF had engines assembled and supported from Bristol, the German Air Force and Navy from Munchen, and the Italian Air Force from Torino.

History

[edit]

When it was formed in October 1969 it was claimed to be the largest aero-engine consortium in the world. The RB199 would be Europe's biggest ever military engine programme, and was based n Munchen.

Development of the RB199 started in September 1969, prior to the formation of Turbo-Union.

The first RB199 engine ran in September 1971, with the first flight in a Tornado in August 1974.[5] The engines are all electronically controlled with slightly different engine versions for each Tornado variant. In 1983, a Swiss organisation, the Arbeitsgruppe für Luft und Raumfahrt (ALR) based in Zurich, proposed an aircraft called the Piranha 6 powered by a single RB199.

The first prototype Eurofighter planes used the RB199 engine, until in June 1995 when the first EJ200-engined plane took off from Turin.[6] Its predecessor, the British Aerospace EAP, also used the engines.

Management

[edit]

The first chairman was Hugh Conway, the managing director of the Bristol (Filton) plant of Rolls-Royce. Marshal of the Royal Air Force Denis Spotswood was chairman from 1975 to 1980.

For many years, the designer of the Pegasus engine, Gordon Lewis, was managing director. Previous to him was Martin Steinberger of Motoren und Turbinen-Union (MTU - based in Munich). Karlheinz Koch was MD until 2008.

RB199 engine

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Turbounion". Turbounion. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  2. ^ Skinner, Stephen (2012). British Aircraft Corporation: A History. Crowood. ISBN 9781847974501. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  3. ^ "Turbo-Union Limited". DueDil. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  4. ^ "Turbo-Union" (PDF). Flight International: 183. 19 January 1980.
  5. ^ "Panavia Tornado celebrates 40 years of first flight". Panavia. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  6. ^ "Eurofighter Typhoon". Eurojet. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  • Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.

See also

[edit]
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