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{{Short description|Austrian art historian}}
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'''Erica Tietze-Conrat '''(born June 20, 1883 [[Vienna]], died December 12, 1958 in [[New York]], also known as Erika Conrat, Erica Tietze) is an Austrian-American art historian, one of the first women to study art history, a strong supporter of contemporary art in Vienna and an art historian specializing in Renaissance art and the [[Venetian school (art)|Venetian school]] drawings.
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox person
⚫
| name = Erica Tietze-Conrat
| other_names = Erica Cohn, Erica Tietze
| birth_name = Erica Conrat
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1883|06|20}}
| birth_place = Vienna, Austria
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1958|12|12|1883|06|20}}
| death_place = New York City, U.S.
| alma_mater = [[University of Vienna]]
| occupation = Art historian, researcher, lecturer
| spouse = Hans Tietze
⚫
}}
⚫
'''Erica Tietze-Conrat '''(née '''Erika Conrat''', also known as '''Erica Tietze'''; born June 20, 1883 – died December 12, 1958) was an Austrian-born American art historian, one of the first women to study art history, a strong supporter of contemporary art in Vienna and an art historian specializing in Renaissance art and the [[Venetian school (art)|Venetian school]] drawings.


== Life ==
== Life ==
Erica Conrat came from a prominent [[Jews|Jewish]] family in Vienna, which had converted to [[Protestantism]]. She was the youngest of three sisters, and the oldest, Ilse Conrat was a sculptor. The father Hugo Conrat (also known as Hugo Cohn) was an avid music lover and friends of [[Johannes Brahms]]. Erica was highly musical, played the piano and was among others friends with [[Alexander von Zemlinsky]] and [[Arnold Schoenberg]], through which they met [[Karl Kraus (writer)|Karl Kraus]]. They also shared a long-standing friendship with [[Alma Mahler]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://www.dictionaryofarthistorians.org/tietzee.htm|title = A Biographical Dictionary of Historic Scholars, Museum Professionals and Academic Historians of Art, Erica Tietze-Conrat|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Dictionary of Art Historians|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref>
Erica Conrat was born June 20, 1883, in Vienna, Austria. She came from a prominent Jewish family in Vienna, which had converted to [[Protestantism]]. She was the youngest of three sisters, and the oldest, [[Ilse Twardowski-Conrat]] was a sculptor. The father Hugo Conrat (also known as Hugo Cohn) was an avid music lover and friends of [[Johannes Brahms]]. Erica was highly musical, played the piano and was among others friends with [[Alexander von Zemlinsky]] and [[Arnold Schoenberg]], through which they met [[Karl Kraus (writer)|Karl Kraus]]. They also shared a long-standing friendship with [[Alma Mahler]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://www.dictionaryofarthistorians.org/tietzee.htm|title = A Biographical Dictionary of Historic Scholars, Museum Professionals and Academic Historians of Art, Erica Tietze-Conrat|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Dictionary of Art Historians|publisher = |last = |first = |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160604042821/https://dictionaryofarthistorians.org/tietzee.htm|archive-date = June 4, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Erica Conrat studied art history at the University of Vienna from 1902 until 1905 under [[Franz Wickhoff]] and Alois Riegl and in 1905 received her doctorate with dissertation contributions to the history of [[Georg Raphael Donner]]. She was the first woman who completed the study of art history at the University of Vienna with a doctorate.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.univie.ac.at/geschichtegesichtet/e_tietze-conrat.html|title = University of Applied Arts Vienna|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Erica Tietze-Conrat|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> In the same year Erica married fellow student [[Hans Tietze]], he was also studying art history during the same time. This was the first "[[Vienna School of Art History|Vienna School]]" art history program.<ref name=":0" /> Europe lacked significant teaching positions for women at the time, so frequently Erica would assist her husband in research and eventually they became a research team.<ref name=":1" /> Between 1908 and 1910 the Tietzes had four children.<ref name=":0" />
Erica Conrat studied art history at the [[University of Vienna]] from 1902 until 1905 under [[Franz Wickhoff]] and [[Alois Riegl]] and in 1905 received her doctorate with dissertation contributions to the history of [[Georg Raphael Donner]]. She was the first woman who completed the study of art history at the University of Vienna with a doctorate.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.univie.ac.at/geschichtegesichtet/e_tietze-conrat.html|title = University of Applied Arts Vienna|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Erica Tietze-Conrat|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref> In the same year Erica married fellow student [[Hans Tietze]], he was also studying art history during the same time. This was the first "[[Vienna School of Art History|Vienna School]]" art history program.<ref name=":0" /> European universities discriminated even more blatantly against women scholars at the time than they do now, and apparently Erica's husband did not foster her independent research but rather expected her to help with his and cook for him as well.<ref name=":1" /> Between 1908 and 1910 the Tietzes had four children.<ref name=":0" />


Erica and Hans Tietze were friends with many contemporary artists including [[Oskar Kokoschka]] who was commissioned to paint them in 1909, the portrait is now at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/oskar-kokoschka-hans-tietze-and-erica-tietze-conrat-1909|title = Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat by Oskar Kokoschka|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = MOMA NYC Learning|publisher = MOMA|last = |first = }}</ref> The sculptor Georg Ehrlich created two bronze busts of Hans and Erica Tietze which are now in the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere in Vienna, as well as numerous portrait drawings of Erica Tietze.{{Citation needed|date = May 2014}}
Erica and Hans Tietze were friends with many contemporary artists including [[Oskar Kokoschka]] who was commissioned to paint them in 1909, the portrait is now at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/oskar-kokoschka-hans-tietze-and-erica-tietze-conrat-1909|title = Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat by Oskar Kokoschka|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = MOMA NYC Learning|publisher = MOMA|last = |first = }}</ref> The sculptor Georg Ehrlich created two bronze busts of Hans and Erica Tietze which are now in the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere in Vienna, as well as numerous portrait drawings of Erica Tietze.{{Citation needed|date = May 2014}}


In 1938 the couple emigrated to the U.S. for political reasons during [[World War II]], Erica Tietze worked as a researcher, academic lecturer at [[Columbia University]] and published art historical publications on Renaissance artists as well as contemporary Vienna artists until her death.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url = http://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/american-council-of-learned-societies/tietze-conrat-erica-volunteer-assistant|title = American Council of Learned Societies, Erica Tietze-Conrat|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Monuments of Men Foundation, for the Preservation of Art|publisher = |last = |first = }}</ref>
In 1938 the couple emigrated to the U.S. for political reasons during World War II, Erica Tietze worked as a researcher, academic lecturer at [[Columbia University]] and published art historical publications on Renaissance artists as well as contemporary Vienna artists until her death.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url = http://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/american-council-of-learned-societies/tietze-conrat-erica-volunteer-assistant|title = American Council of Learned Societies, Erica Tietze-Conrat|date = |accessdate = May 23, 2014|website = Monuments of Men Foundation, for the Preservation of Art|publisher = |last = |first = |archive-date = May 24, 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140524024013/http://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/american-council-of-learned-societies/tietze-conrat-erica-volunteer-assistant|url-status = dead}}</ref>


In 1970, a room at the Austrian Museum of Baroque Art was named in Erica Tietze-Conrat’s honor for her contributions to the study of Austrian artists.<ref name=":1" />
In 1970, a room at the Austrian Museum of Baroque Art was named in Erica Tietze-Conrat’s honor for her contributions to the study of Austrian artists.<ref name=":1" />


In the fall of 2004 the ''International Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat society'' founded in Vienna, which has taken the care of the complete works of art historian-married couple to the task.{{Citation needed|date = May 2014}}
In the fall of 2004, the ''International Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat Society'' founded in Vienna, which has taken the care of the complete works of art historian-married couple to the task.{{Citation needed|date = May 2014}} The son of the couple is the [[Turkology|Turcologist]], [[Andreas Tietze]].


== Works ==
== Works ==
* "''The Art of Woman. An epilogue to the exhibition at the Vienna Secession"'', in: ''Journal of Fine Art'' , NF 22, 1911, pp. 146-148.
* "The Art of Woman. An epilogue to the exhibition at the Vienna Secession", in: ''Journal of Fine Art'' , NF 22, 1911, pp. 146–148.
* "''Austrian Baroque sculpture"'', Vienna 1920.
* ''Austrian Baroque Sculpture'', Vienna 1920.
* "''Oskar Laske"'', Vienna 1921.
* ''Oskar Laske'', Vienna 1921.
* "''Andrea Mantegna"'', Leipzig 1923.
* ''Andrea Mantegna'', Leipzig 1923.
* "''The French engraving of the Renaissance"'', Munich 1925.
* ''The French engraving of the Renaissance'', Munich 1925.
* "''The Drawings of the Venetian Painters in the 15th and 16th Centuries"'', New York 1944 (shared with Hans Tietze)
* ''The Drawings of the Venetian Painters in the 15th and 16th Centuries'', New York 1944 (with Hans Tietze)
* "''Mantegna. Paintings, Drawings, Engravings"'', London 1955.
* ''Mantegna. Paintings, Drawings, Engravings'', London 1955.
* "''Georg Ehrlich"'', London 1956.
* ''Georg Ehrlich'', London 1956.
* "''Dwarfs and Jesters in Art"'', London 1957.
* ''Dwarfs and Jesters in Art'', London 1957.


== Literature ==
== Literature ==
* "''Essays in Honor of Hans Tietze"'', Paris, 1958 (with complete bibliography of the writings of Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat).
* ''Essays in Honor of Hans Tietze'', Paris, 1958 (with a complete bibliography of the writings of Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat).
* Almut Krapf-Weiler: "''Erica Tietze Conrat (1883-1958) and Alma Mahler-Schindler (1879-1964), an encounter'' , in: ''Without smoke goes nothing! A Festschrift for the 50th birthday of Dr. Peter Rauch"'', Vienna, Cologne and Weimar 1992, p 77-84.
* Almut Krapf-Weiler: "Erica Tietze Conrat (1883–1958) and Alma Mahler-Schindler (1879–1964), an encounter", in: ''Without smoke goes nothing! A Festschrift for the 50th birthday of Dr. Peter Rauch'', Vienna, Cologne and Weimar 1992, p 77–84.
* Almut Krapf-Weiler: ''"Lion and Owl". Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat - a biographical sketch'' , in: ''Belvedere'' , 1, 1999, pp. 64-83.
* Almut Krapf-Weiler: "'Lion and Owl'. Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat – a biographical sketch", in: ''Belvedere'', 1, 1999, pp. 64-83.
* Almut Krapf-Weiler (ed.): "''Erica Tietze-Conrat. The woman in the science of art." Texts 1906-1958'' , Vienna, 2007.
* Almut Krapf-Weiler (ed.): ''Erica Tietze-Conrat. The woman in the science of art. Texts 1906–1958'' , Vienna, 2007.
* Ulrike Wendland: "''Biographical Handbook of German art historians in exile. Life and work of the persecuted and exiled under Nazism scientists."'' Saur, Munich, 1999, vol 2, p 679-703
* Ulrike Wendland: ''Biographical Handbook of German art historians in exile. Life and work of the persecuted and exiled under Nazism scientists.'' Saur, Munich, 1999, vol. 2, p 679-703


==See also==
==See also==
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata

⚫
| NAME = Tietze-Conrat, Erica
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Conrat, Erica
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Austrian-American art historian
| DATE OF BIRTH = June 20, 1883
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Vienna
| DATE OF DEATH = December 12, 1958
| PLACE OF DEATH = New York
⚫
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tietze-Conrat, Erica}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tietze-Conrat, Erica}}
[[Category:People who emigrated to escape Nazism]]
[[Category:Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss to the United States]]
[[Category:Women art historians]]
[[Category:Austrian women art historians]]
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[[Category:American people of Austrian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Austrian emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Vienna culture]]
[[Category:Vienna-related lists]]
[[Category:Austrian women academics]]
[[Category:Austrian women academics]]
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1958 deaths]]
[[Category:1958 deaths]]
[[Category:Austrian art historians]]
[[Category:Austrian art historians]]
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[[Category:American art historians]]
[[Category:American women historians]]

Latest revision as of 09:34, 3 April 2024

Erica Tietze-Conrat
Born
Erica Conrat

(1883-06-20)June 20, 1883
Vienna, Austria
DiedDecember 12, 1958(1958-12-12) (aged 75)
New York City, U.S.
Other namesErica Cohn, Erica Tietze
Alma materUniversity of Vienna
Occupation(s)Art historian, researcher, lecturer
SpouseHans Tietze

Erica Tietze-Conrat (née Erika Conrat, also known as Erica Tietze; born June 20, 1883 – died December 12, 1958) was an Austrian-born American art historian, one of the first women to study art history, a strong supporter of contemporary art in Vienna and an art historian specializing in Renaissance art and the Venetian school drawings.

Life

[edit]

Erica Conrat was born June 20, 1883, in Vienna, Austria. She came from a prominent Jewish family in Vienna, which had converted to Protestantism. She was the youngest of three sisters, and the oldest, Ilse Twardowski-Conrat was a sculptor. The father Hugo Conrat (also known as Hugo Cohn) was an avid music lover and friends of Johannes Brahms. Erica was highly musical, played the piano and was among others friends with Alexander von Zemlinsky and Arnold Schoenberg, through which they met Karl Kraus. They also shared a long-standing friendship with Alma Mahler.[1]

Erica Conrat studied art history at the University of Vienna from 1902 until 1905 under Franz Wickhoff and Alois Riegl and in 1905 received her doctorate with dissertation contributions to the history of Georg Raphael Donner. She was the first woman who completed the study of art history at the University of Vienna with a doctorate.[2] In the same year Erica married fellow student Hans Tietze, he was also studying art history during the same time. This was the first "Vienna School" art history program.[1] European universities discriminated even more blatantly against women scholars at the time than they do now, and apparently Erica's husband did not foster her independent research but rather expected her to help with his and cook for him as well.[3] Between 1908 and 1910 the Tietzes had four children.[1]

Erica and Hans Tietze were friends with many contemporary artists including Oskar Kokoschka who was commissioned to paint them in 1909, the portrait is now at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.[4] The sculptor Georg Ehrlich created two bronze busts of Hans and Erica Tietze which are now in the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere in Vienna, as well as numerous portrait drawings of Erica Tietze.[citation needed]

In 1938 the couple emigrated to the U.S. for political reasons during World War II, Erica Tietze worked as a researcher, academic lecturer at Columbia University and published art historical publications on Renaissance artists as well as contemporary Vienna artists until her death.[3]

In 1970, a room at the Austrian Museum of Baroque Art was named in Erica Tietze-Conrat’s honor for her contributions to the study of Austrian artists.[3]

In the fall of 2004, the International Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat Society founded in Vienna, which has taken the care of the complete works of art historian-married couple to the task.[citation needed] The son of the couple is the Turcologist, Andreas Tietze.

Works

[edit]
  • "The Art of Woman. An epilogue to the exhibition at the Vienna Secession", in: Journal of Fine Art , NF 22, 1911, pp. 146–148.
  • Austrian Baroque Sculpture, Vienna 1920.
  • Oskar Laske, Vienna 1921.
  • Andrea Mantegna, Leipzig 1923.
  • The French engraving of the Renaissance, Munich 1925.
  • The Drawings of the Venetian Painters in the 15th and 16th Centuries, New York 1944 (with Hans Tietze)
  • Mantegna. Paintings, Drawings, Engravings, London 1955.
  • Georg Ehrlich, London 1956.
  • Dwarfs and Jesters in Art, London 1957.

Literature

[edit]
  • Essays in Honor of Hans Tietze, Paris, 1958 (with a complete bibliography of the writings of Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat).
  • Almut Krapf-Weiler: "Erica Tietze Conrat (1883–1958) and Alma Mahler-Schindler (1879–1964), an encounter", in: Without smoke goes nothing! A Festschrift for the 50th birthday of Dr. Peter Rauch, Vienna, Cologne and Weimar 1992, p 77–84.
  • Almut Krapf-Weiler: "'Lion and Owl'. Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat – a biographical sketch", in: Belvedere, 1, 1999, pp. 64-83.
  • Almut Krapf-Weiler (ed.): Erica Tietze-Conrat. The woman in the science of art. Texts 1906–1958 , Vienna, 2007.
  • Ulrike Wendland: Biographical Handbook of German art historians in exile. Life and work of the persecuted and exiled under Nazism scientists. Saur, Munich, 1999, vol. 2, p 679-703

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "A Biographical Dictionary of Historic Scholars, Museum Professionals and Academic Historians of Art, Erica Tietze-Conrat". Dictionary of Art Historians. Archived from the original on June 4, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  2. ^ "University of Applied Arts Vienna". Erica Tietze-Conrat. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c "American Council of Learned Societies, Erica Tietze-Conrat". Monuments of Men Foundation, for the Preservation of Art. Archived from the original on May 24, 2014. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  4. ^ "Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat by Oskar Kokoschka". MOMA NYC Learning. MOMA. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
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