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{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Taxobox
{{speciesbox
| name = White-browed shortwing
| name =
| status = LC
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22708986 |title=''Brachypteryx montana'' |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 17 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Brachypteryx montana'' |volume=2018 |page=e.T103866595A132045481 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T103866595A132045481.en |access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>
| image = White-browed Shortwing Brachypteryx montana Turdidae photographed in Doi Inthanon National Park on July 8 2013 by Devon Pike.jpg
| image = Brachypteryx montana.jpg
| image_caption = in Jawa Barat, Jawa, Indonesia
| image_width = 250px
⚫
| genus = Brachypteryx
| image_caption = Male white-browed shortwing (''Brachypteryx montana'') in Thailand.
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| species = montana
⚫
| authority = [[Thomas Horsfield|Horsfield]], 1821
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[Muscicapidae]]
⚫
| genus = ''[[Brachypteryx]]''
| species = '''''B. montana'''''
| binomial = ''Brachypteryx montana''
⚫
| binomial_authority = [[Thomas Horsfield|Horsfield]], 1822
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
}}
}}


The '''white-browed shortwing''' (''Brachypteryx montana'') is a species of [[chat (bird)|chat]]. This species is now classified in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Muscicapidae]].
The '''Javan shortwing''' ('''''Brachypteryx montana''''') (formerly the '''white-browed shortwing''') is a species of bird that is placed in the Old World flycatcher [[family (biology)|family]] [[Muscicapidae]]. It is endemic to the island of [[Java]] where it favours [[montane forest]]s.


==Taxonomy==
[[File:BrachypteryxErythrogynaKeulemans.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Illustration of the white-browed shortwing by J. G. Keulemans 1842-1912]]
⚫
The Javan shortwing was [[Species description|formally described]] in 1821 by the America naturalist [[Thomas Horsfield]]. He coined the present [[binomial name]] ''Brachypteryx montana''.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Horsfield | first=Thomas | author-link=Thomas Horsfield | year=1821 | title=Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the island of Java | journal=Transactions of the Linnean Society of London | volume=13 | issue=Part 1 | pages=133–200 [157] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/754890 | language=Latin, English | doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.1821.tb00061.x }} The paper was read to a meeting of the Society in April 1820. The title page is dated 1822.</ref>


This species was formerly named the white-browed shortwing and included many [[subspecies]]. It was split into five separate species based on the deep genetic difference between the populations coupled with the significant differences in plumage and vocalization.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Kyriazis | first1=C.C. | last2=Alam | first2=B. | last3=Wjodyla | first3=M. | last4=Hackett | first4=S. | last5=Hosner | first5=P. | last6=Mays | first6=H.L. | last7=Heaney | first7=L.R. | last8=Reddy | first8=S. | date=2018 | title=Colonization and diversification of the white-browed shortwing (Aves: Muscicapidae: ''Brachypteryx montana'') in the Philippines | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=121 | pages=121-131 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.025| doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1=Shakya | first1=S.B. | last2=Irham | first2=M. | last3=Brady | first3=M.L. | last4=Haryoko | first4=T. | last5=Fitriana | first5=Y.S. | last6=Johnson | first6=O. | last7=Rahman | first7=M.A. | last8=Robi | first8=N.J. | last9=Moyle | first9=R.G. | last10=Prawiradilaga | first10=D.M. | last11=Sheldon | first11=F.H. | date=2020 | title=Observations on the relationships of some Sundaic passerine taxa (Aves: Passeriformes) previously unavailable for molecular phylogenetic study | journal=Journal of Ornithology | volume=161 | issue=3 | pages=651-664 | doi=10.1007/s10336-020-01766-9}}</ref><ref name=bow>{{cite journal | last1=Collar | first1=N. | last2=del Hoyo | first2=J. | last3=Christie | first3=D.A. | last4=Boesman | first4=P.F.D. | date=2022 | title=Javan Shortwing (''Brachypteryx montana''), version 1.0 | editor1-last=Sly | editor1-first=N.D. | journal=Birds of the World | location=Ithaca, NY, USA | publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology | doi=10.2173/bow.whbsho11.01 }}</ref> The new species are the [[Philippine shortwing]] (''Brachypteryx poliogyna''), the [[Bornean shortwing]] (''Brachypteryx erythrogyna''), the [[Sumatran shortwing]] (''Brachypteryx saturata'') and the [[Flores shortwing]] (''Brachypteryx floris''). The white-browed shortwing with its much reduced range was renamed the Javan shortwing.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=January 2023 | title=Chats, Old World flycatchers | work=IOC World Bird List Version 13.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/chats/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=6 February 2023}}</ref> The species is now [[monotypic]]: no [[subspecies]] are recognised.<ref name=ioc/>
⚫
It is found in [[Bhutan]], [[China]], [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Laos]], [[Malaysia]], [[Myanmar]], [[Nepal]], the [[Philippines]], [[Taiwan]], [[Thailand]], and [[Vietnam]]. Its natural [[habitat]] is subtropical or tropical moist [[montane forest]]s.White-browed Shortwing is a shy skulker, preferring to be on or near the ground, in the depths of dark vegetation, where it feeds on small insects, larvae, berries, seeds, sprouts and new buds of plants. The nest consists of moss and grass stems, placed in a dense shrub.<ref>http://www.birdingintaiwan.com/white-browedshortwing.htm</ref>


==Description==
⚫
The first [[Species description|formal description]] of the white-browed shortwing was by the America naturalist [[Thomas Horsfield]]. He used the present [[binomial name]] ''Brachypteryx montana''.<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Horsfield | first=Thomas | author-link=Thomas Horsfield | year=1821 | title=Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the island of Java | journal=Transactions of the Linnean Society of London | volume=13 | issue=Part 1 | pages=133-200 [157] | url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/754890 | language=Latin, English }} The paper was read to a meeting of the Society in April 1820. The title page is dated 1822.</ref>
⚫
The Javan shortwing is a shy skulker, preferring to be on or near the ground, in the depths of dark vegetation, where it feeds on small insects, larvae, berries, seeds, sprouts and new buds of plants. The nest consists of moss and grass stems, placed in a dense shrub.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.birdingintaiwan.com/white-browedshortwing.htm|title = Birding in Taiwan - White-browed Shortwing}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}<!-- Forktail16:147. -->
{{Reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3315631}}
==External links==
*[http://www.thailex.info/wikipedia/THAILEX/THAILEXENG/LEXICON/White-browed%20Shortwing%20(Brachypteryx%20montana)%20นกปีกสั้นสีน้ำเงิน.htm Photo male and female White-browed Shortwing]


{{DEFAULTSORT:shortwing, white-winged}}
[[Category:Brachypteryx|white-browed shortwing]]
[[Category:Brachypteryx|white-browed shortwing]]
[[Category:Birds of Nepal]]
[[Category:Birds of Nepal]]
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[[Category:Birds of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Birds of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1822|white-browed shortwing]]
[[Category:Birds described in 1822|white-browed shortwing]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]



{{Muscicapidae-stub}}
{{Muscicapidae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 08:29, 10 April 2024

Javan shortwing
in Jawa Barat, Jawa, Indonesia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Muscicapidae
Genus: Brachypteryx
Species:
B. montana
Binomial name
Brachypteryx montana
Horsfield, 1821

The Javan shortwing (Brachypteryx montana) (formerly the white-browed shortwing) is a species of bird that is placed in the Old World flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It is endemic to the island of Java where it favours montane forests.

Taxonomy

[edit]

The Javan shortwing was formally described in 1821 by the America naturalist Thomas Horsfield. He coined the present binomial name Brachypteryx montana.[2]

This species was formerly named the white-browed shortwing and included many subspecies. It was split into five separate species based on the deep genetic difference between the populations coupled with the significant differences in plumage and vocalization.[3][4][5] The new species are the Philippine shortwing (Brachypteryx poliogyna), the Bornean shortwing (Brachypteryx erythrogyna), the Sumatran shortwing (Brachypteryx saturata) and the Flores shortwing (Brachypteryx floris). The white-browed shortwing with its much reduced range was renamed the Javan shortwing.[6] The species is now monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.[6]

Description

[edit]

The Javan shortwing is a shy skulker, preferring to be on or near the ground, in the depths of dark vegetation, where it feeds on small insects, larvae, berries, seeds, sprouts and new buds of plants. The nest consists of moss and grass stems, placed in a dense shrub.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ BirdLife International (2018). "Brachypteryx montana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T103866595A132045481. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T103866595A132045481.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. ^ Horsfield, Thomas (1821). "Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the island of Java". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London (in Latin and English). 13 (Part 1): 133–200 [157]. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1821.tb00061.x. The paper was read to a meeting of the Society in April 1820. The title page is dated 1822.
  3. ^ Kyriazis, C.C.; Alam, B.; Wjodyla, M.; Hackett, S.; Hosner, P.; Mays, H.L.; Heaney, L.R.; Reddy, S. (2018). "Colonization and diversification of the white-browed shortwing (Aves: Muscicapidae: Brachypteryx montana) in the Philippines". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 121: 121–131. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.025.
  4. ^ Shakya, S.B.; Irham, M.; Brady, M.L.; Haryoko, T.; Fitriana, Y.S.; Johnson, O.; Rahman, M.A.; Robi, N.J.; Moyle, R.G.; Prawiradilaga, D.M.; Sheldon, F.H. (2020). "Observations on the relationships of some Sundaic passerine taxa (Aves: Passeriformes) previously unavailable for molecular phylogenetic study". Journal of Ornithology. 161 (3): 651–664. doi:10.1007/s10336-020-01766-9.
  5. ^ Collar, N.; del Hoyo, J.; Christie, D.A.; Boesman, P.F.D. (2022). Sly, N.D. (ed.). "Javan Shortwing (Brachypteryx montana), version 1.0". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. doi:10.2173/bow.whbsho11.01.
  6. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Chats, Old World flycatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  7. ^ "Birding in Taiwan - White-browed Shortwing".
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