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{{short description|President of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy}}{{Infobox scientist
⚫
[[File:Matt Mountain at the Johnson Space Center, May 2009.png|thumb|right|Matt Mountain gives two thumbs up at NASA's Johnson Space Center during Hubble's Servicing Mission 4 in 2009.]]
⚫
| name = Matt Mountain
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|size=100%|country=GBR|FRAS}}
| image = Matt Mountain.jpg
| alt = Photo of Matt Mountain against a backdrop of clouds
| birth_name = Charles Mattias Mountain
| fields = [[Astronomy]]
| workplaces = {{Plainlist|
* [[Royal Observatory, Edinburgh]]
* [[Gemini Observatory]]
⚫
* [[Space Telescope Science Institute]]
* [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy|AURA]]
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}}
| alma_mater = [[Imperial College London]] (BSc, PhD)
| thesis_title = Astronomical Spectrometry In The Near-Infrared
| thesis_url = http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/36525
| thesis_year = 1982
| doctoral_advisor = M. J. Selby
| awards = [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Chile#Order of Educational and Cultural Merit "Gabriela Mistral|Gabriela Mistral Medal]] (2003)
}}
'''Charles Mattias ("Matt") Mountain''' {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|FRAS}} is currently the President<ref name="president">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/leadership/|title = Leadership}}</ref> of the [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy]] (AURA) which designs, builds, and operates telescopes and observatories for the [[National Science Foundation]] (NSF) and the [[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] (NASA). AURA's NASA center is the [[Space Telescope Science Institute]] (STScI), responsible for the science mission for the [[Hubble Space Telescope]], the science and operations for the [[James Webb Space Telescope]], and the MAST data archive. AURA's NSF centers are [[Gemini Observatory]], the [[National Optical Astronomy Observatory]] (NOAO), and the [[National Solar Observatory]] (NSO). Dr. Mountain and AURA are also responsible for the NSF construction projects: the [[Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope]] (DKIST) on Haleakalā, Hawaii and the [[Large Synoptic Survey Telescope]] (LSST) on Cerro Pachón in [[Chile]].<ref name="centers">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/|title = Centers}}</ref>


AURA is a nonprofit consortium<ref name="consortium">{{Cite web|url=https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/|title=About}}</ref> of 46 US Universities and 4 International affiliates formed in 1957 to enable the US Federal Government to provide forefront astronomical facilities to the entire US academic community. Today AURA has both a National and International mission to enable astronomical discovery and promote broad engagement in exploring the Universe. AURA has a staff of over 1,500 scientists, engineers and administrators with an annual operating budget of approximately $350M.
'''Charles Mattias ("Matt") Mountain''' is the current President of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA). AURA is a consortium of 40 US institutions and 4 international affiliates that operates world-class astronomical observatories. AURA’s role is to establish, nurture, and promote public observatories and facilities that advance innovative astronomical research. In addition, AURA is deeply committed to public and educational outreach, and to diversity throughout the astronomical and scientific workforce. AURA carries out its role through its astronomical facilities.

<ref name=director>[http://director.stsci.edu/ STScI Director's website]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> He served as the [[Space Telescope Science Institute]] (STScI) in [[Baltimore, Maryland]] director between September 2005 and March 2015.<ref name=director /><ref name=appointed>[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/08/text/ New Director Appointed at Space Telescope], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, June 13, 2005.</ref><ref>Kanipe, Jeff. [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v437/n7059/full/437610a.html Space telescopes: Mountain at the top], [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] 437, pp. 610-611, September 29, 2005 | doi:10.1038/437610a</ref> Previously, Mountain was the director of the [[Gemini Observatory]] and led the design, construction, and operation of Gemini's two 8-meter telescopes in [[Hawaii]] and [[Chile]].<ref>[http://director.stsci.edu/about About the Director], STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref><ref name=Gemini>Gravitz, Lauren. [http://www.gemini.edu/files/pio/newsletters/gf_0609_newsletter.pdf Matt Mountain: A Clear Vision of the Future], GeminiFocus Issue 38, pp. 12-15, June 2009.</ref> Mountain is also the telescope scientist for [[NASA]]’s [[James Webb Space Telescope]] (JWST), a member of the JWST Science Working Group, a professor at [[Johns Hopkins University]]’s Department of Physics and Astronomy, and a visiting professor at the [[University of Oxford]].<ref name=meet>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/meet-mountain.html Meet Matt Mountain, James Webb Space Telescope Scientist and STScI Director], [[NASA]], [[James Webb Space Telescope|JWST]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref><ref name=JHU>[http://physics-astronomy.jhu.edu/directory/charles-mattias-mountain/ JHU Faculty: Charles Mattias Mountain], Department of Physics and Astronomy, [[Johns Hopkins University School of Arts and Sciences|JHU]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref>
Prior to his position as President of AURA, Mountain served as the [[Space Telescope Science Institute]] (STScI) Director in [[Baltimore, Maryland]] between September 2005 and March 2015 <ref name="director">[http://director.stsci.edu/ STScI Director's website]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref><ref name="appointed">[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/08/text/ New Director Appointed at Space Telescope], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, June 13, 2005.</ref><ref>Kanipe, Jeff. [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v437/n7059/full/437610a.html Space telescopes: Mountain at the top], [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] 437, pp. 610-611, September 29, 2005 | doi:10.1038/437610a</ref> leading the institute during NASA's last servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (SM4) in 2009, and through the re-formulation of the James Webb Space Telescope project in 2010. While at STScI he used his discretionary Hubble Telescope time for two major science undertakings, the Multi-Cycle Treasury, and the Frontier Fields Programs. Before joining STScI in 2005, Dr. Mountain was the Director of the international [[Gemini Observatory]] and led the team that designed, built, and brought into operation the two 8m Gemini telescopes on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and Cerro Pachón, Chile.<ref>[http://director.stsci.edu/about About the Director], STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref><ref name="Gemini">Gravitz, Lauren. [http://www.gemini.edu/files/pio/newsletters/gf_0609_newsletter.pdf Matt Mountain: A Clear Vision of the Future], GeminiFocus Issue 38, pp. 12-15, June 2009.</ref>

His research interests have included star formation, advanced infrared instrumentation, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes to study exo-planets. Dr. Mountain appeared in several documentaries and TV shows on telescopes and astronomy. He received his degree in Physics in 1979, and Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1983 both from Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London. Dr. Mountain has published over 100 research papers, articles, and reports and is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) and the Royal Astronomical Society and a member of the American Astronomical Society (AAS). Dr. Mountain is also the Telescope Scientist for [[NASA]]’s [[James Webb Space Telescope]], and Chair of European Observatory's (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) Management Advisory Committee.<ref name="Committee">{{Cite web|url=http://www.eso.org/public/about-eso/committees/members-emac.html|title=ESO - EMAC members}}</ref>


== Education and career ==
== Education and career ==


Mountain earned a [[bachelor of science]] degree in physics in 1978 and a [[Ph.D.]] in astronomy in 1983, both from the [[Imperial College London|Imperial College of Science and Technology, London University]].<ref name=appointed /><ref name=meet /><ref name=JHU /> After earning his degrees, Mountain held a [[Smithsonian Environmental Research Center]] (SERC) research fellowship<ref>[http://www.serc.si.edu/pro_training/fellowships/fellowships.aspx SERC Fellowships], [[Smithsonian Institution]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> at Imperial College. Mountain later joined the staff of the [[Royal Observatory, Edinburgh|Royal Observatory in Edinburgh]], where he remained for seven years.<ref name=JHU /><ref name=background>[http://director.stsci.edu/professional-background/ Professional Background], STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> At the Royal Observatory, Mountain's work involved observations of [[star formation]] processes, and he led a team that designed and commissioned the CGS-4 [[infrared]] array [[spectrometer]] for the [[United Kingdom Infrared Telescope]] in Hawaii.<ref name=background />
Mountain earned a [[Bachelor of Science]] degree in physics in 1978 and a [[Ph.D.]] in astronomy in 1983, both from the [[Imperial College London|Imperial College of Science and Technology, London University]].<ref name="president" /> After earning his degrees, Mountain held a Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) fellowship at Imperial College. Mountain later joined the staff of the [[Royal Observatory, Edinburgh|Royal Observatory in Edinburgh]], where he remained for seven years.<ref name="background">[http://director.stsci.edu/professional-background/ Professional Background], STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> At the Royal Observatory, Mountain's work involved observations of [[star formation]] processes, and he led a team that designed and commissioned the CGS-4 [[infrared]] array [[spectrometer]] for the [[United Kingdom Infrared Telescope]] in Hawaii.<ref name="background" />


Mountain became project scientist for the Gemini 8-meter telescopes project<ref>Kurz, R.; Mountain, M.; Oschmann, J. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995seft.conf...27K The Gemini 8-meter telescopes project: Scientific priorities and programmatics], International Symposium on the Scientific and Engineering Frontiers for 8 - 10 m Telescopes, p. 27 - 32, 1995</ref> in 1992, then was appointed director of the seven-nation Gemini project<ref>[http://www.gemini.edu/project/projofc.html%20The%20Gemini%20Project International Gemini Project]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> in 1994. Mountain led the team that designed, built, and commissioned the two 8-meter-diameter Gemini telescopes atop [[Mauna Kea]] in Hawaii and [[Cerro Pachón]] in Chile.<ref name=appointed /><ref name=background /> The book ''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology''<ref>[http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674019966 ''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology''], by [[W. Patrick McCray]], [[Harvard University Press]], 2006</ref> details the efforts involved in building the Gemini telescopes.<ref name=background /> At Gemini's helm for more than a decade, Mountain assumed responsibility for the creation of the Gemini Observatory, which included formulating, implementing, and running the operations and development programs for the two telescopes.<ref name=meet /><ref name=background /> Mountain also developed an [[adaptive optics]] group to help the Gemini telescopes remain at the forefront of observational infrared astronomy.<ref name=appointed /><ref name=Gemini /><ref name=meet /><ref name=background />
Mountain became project scientist for the Gemini 8-meter telescopes project<ref>Kurz, R.; Mountain, M.; Oschmann, J. [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995seft.conf...27K The Gemini 8-meter telescopes project: Scientific priorities and programmatics], International Symposium on the Scientific and Engineering Frontiers for 8 - 10 m Telescopes, p. 27 - 32, 1995</ref> in 1992, then was appointed director of the seven-nation Gemini project<ref>[http://www.gemini.edu/project/projofc.html%20The%20Gemini%20Project International Gemini Project]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> in 1994. Mountain led the team that designed, built, and commissioned the two 8-meter-diameter Gemini telescopes atop [[Mauna Kea]] in Hawaii and [[Cerro Pachón]] in Chile.<ref name="appointed" /><ref name="background" /> The book ''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology''<ref>[http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674019966 ''Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology''], by [[W. Patrick McCray]], [[Harvard University Press]], 2006</ref> details the efforts involved in building the Gemini telescopes.<ref name="background" /> At Gemini's helm for more than a decade, Mountain assumed responsibility for the creation of the Gemini Observatory, which included formulating, implementing, and running the operations and development programs for the two telescopes.<ref name="background" /> Mountain also developed an [[adaptive optics]] group to help the Gemini telescopes remain at the forefront of observational infrared astronomy.<ref name="appointed" /><ref name="Gemini" /><ref name="background" />


In 2002, NASA appointed Mountain to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Science Working Group<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/workinggroup.html JWST Science Working Group], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref> as the JWST telescope scientist.<ref name=meet /><ref name=background /> Mountain worked with the JWST project<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ JWST Project], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref> to downscale the telescope's primary mirror to an achievable diameter. He represented the science community on the Mirror Review Board, contributing to the selection of [[beryllium]] mirrors<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/mirrors.html JWST Mirrors], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2003/27/text/ NASA Approves James Webb Space Telescope Mirror Architecture], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, September 10, 2003.</ref> for the telescope. He co-chaired the Science Assessment Team<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/news/2005/SAT-interim-report.pdf James Webb Space Telescope Science Assessment Team Interim Report], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], July 26, 2005.</ref> in 2005 and was a member of the Test Assessment Team<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/resources/JWST_TAT_Final_Report_100907.pdf JWST Test Assessment Team Final Report], [[NASA]], October 9, 2007</ref> in 2010. Mountain continues to work with NASA, the JWST project, the JWST instrument teams,<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/news/2003/nasa-selects-teams Instrument and Science Teams for JWST], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], JWST News, January 8, 2003.</ref> and the Science Working Group to ensure that the performance of JWST meets the requirements of the scientific community.<ref name=background />
In 2002, NASA appointed Mountain to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Science Working Group<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/workinggroup.html JWST Science Working Group], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref> as the JWST telescope scientist.<ref name="background" /> Mountain worked with the JWST project<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/ JWST Project], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref> to downscale the telescope's primary mirror to an achievable diameter. He represented the science community on the Mirror Review Board, contributing to the selection of [[beryllium]] mirrors<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/mirrors.html JWST Mirrors], [[NASA]]. Accessed October 9, 2013.</ref><ref>[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2003/27/text/ NASA Approves James Webb Space Telescope Mirror Architecture], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, September 10, 2003.</ref> for the telescope. He co-chaired the Science Assessment Team<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/news/2005/SAT-interim-report.pdf James Webb Space Telescope Science Assessment Team Interim Report], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], July 26, 2005.</ref> in 2005 and was a member of the Test Assessment Team<ref>[http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/resources/JWST_TAT_Final_Report_100907.pdf JWST Test Assessment Team Final Report], [[NASA]], October 9, 2007</ref> in 2010. Mountain continues to work with NASA, the JWST project, the JWST instrument teams,<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/news/2003/nasa-selects-teams Instrument and Science Teams for JWST], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], JWST News, January 8, 2003.</ref> and the Science Working Group to ensure that the performance of JWST meets the requirements of the scientific community.<ref name="background" />


In 2003, Mountain initiated a partnership with the [[National Optical Astronomy Observatory]] (NOAO), which resulted in the formation of the New Initiatives Office<ref>[http://www.aura-astronomy.org/news/Archive/NIO_Principles.pdf AURA New Initiatives Office, General Principles], [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy|AURA]], August 8, 2005.</ref> at the [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy]] (AURA). The New Initiatives Office conducted a two-year study of the feasibility of ground-based 30-meter telescopes, which led to the inclusion of AURA in the [[Thirty Meter Telescope]] (TMT) project. Mountain has also served as a member of the review committee for the [[California Extremely Large Telescope]] (which became the TMT) and of the TMT Board.<ref name=meet /><ref name=JHU />
In 2003, Mountain initiated a partnership with the [[National Optical Astronomy Observatory]] (NOAO), which resulted in the formation of the New Initiatives Office<ref>[http://www.aura-astronomy.org/news/Archive/NIO_Principles.pdf AURA New Initiatives Office, General Principles], [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy|AURA]], August 8, 2005.</ref> at the [[Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy]] (AURA). The New Initiatives Office conducted a two-year study of the feasibility of ground-based 30-meter telescopes, which led to the inclusion of AURA in the [[Thirty Meter Telescope]] (TMT) project. Mountain has also served as a member of the review committee for the [[California Extremely Large Telescope]] (which became the TMT) and of the TMT Board.


In 2005, Mountain was appointed the director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) by AURA in consultation with NASA.<ref name=appointed /><ref name=background /> As part of his effort to transform STScI into an adaptable multi-mission institution<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/org/do/director/MM%20Space%20News%20Profile%20May07.pdf Profile: Matt Mountain], [http://www.spacenews.com/ SpaceNews], pg 22, May 28, 2007.</ref> and a modern, diverse workplace, Mountain reorganized STScI's internal management and oversaw the creation of the Science Mission Office,<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/smo STScI Science Mission Office]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> the Project Management Organization, and the Future of the Workplace Committee<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/org/do/futureworkplace/ STScI Future of the Workplace Committee]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> to advise the director on issues of inclusion and workplace culture.<ref name=background />
In 2005, Mountain was appointed the director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) by AURA in consultation with NASA.<ref name="appointed" /><ref name="background" /> As part of his effort to transform STScI into an adaptable multi-mission institution<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/org/do/director/MM%20Space%20News%20Profile%20May07.pdf Profile: Matt Mountain], [http://www.spacenews.com/ SpaceNews], pg 22, May 28, 2007.</ref> and a modern, diverse workplace, Mountain reorganized STScI's internal management and oversaw the creation of the Science Mission Office,<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/smo STScI Science Mission Office]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> the Project Management Organization, and the Future of the Workplace Committee<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/institute/org/do/futureworkplace/ STScI Future of the Workplace Committee]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> to advise the director on issues of inclusion and workplace culture.<ref name="background" />

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[[File:Matt Mountain at the Johnson Space Center, May 2009.png|thumb|right|Matt Mountain gives two thumbs up at NASA's Johnson Space Center during Hubble's Servicing Mission 4 in 2009.]]


As STScI's director, Mountain collaborated with the astronomical community, NASA, and the crew of [[STS-125]] to develop the science priorities for the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]'s final servicing mission. He also represented the science community at NASA's [[Johnson Space Center]] during the mission's [[extra-vehicular activity|extra-vehicular activities]] in May 2009. After the servicing mission, Mountain initiated Hubble's Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/hst/proposing/mct-information Hubble Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]]. Accessed November 7, 2013.</ref> (in 2010) and the Frontier Fields initiative<ref>[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2013/44/ NASA's Great Observatories Begin Deepest Ever Probe of the Universe], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, October 24, 2013.</ref> (in 2013).<ref name=background />
As STScI's director, Mountain collaborated with the astronomical community, NASA, and the crew of [[STS-125]] to develop the science priorities for the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]'s final servicing mission. He also represented the science community at NASA's [[Johnson Space Center]] during the mission's [[extra-vehicular activity|extra-vehicular activities]] in May 2009. After the servicing mission, Mountain initiated Hubble's Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs<ref>[http://www.stsci.edu/hst/proposing/mct-information Hubble Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]]. Accessed November 7, 2013.</ref> (in 2010) and the Frontier Fields initiative<ref>[http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2013/44/ NASA's Great Observatories Begin Deepest Ever Probe of the Universe], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]], HubbleSite NewsCenter, October 24, 2013.</ref> (in 2013).<ref name=background />


As an astrophysicist, Mountain’s research interests have included [[star formation]], instrumentation for infrared astronomy, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes.<ref name=meet /><ref name=JHU /><ref name=background /> He has published more than 100 research papers, articles, and reports.<ref>[http://director.stsci.edu/bibliography/ Matt Mountain's Bibliography], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]] Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref>
As an astrophysicist, Mountain's research interests have included [[star formation]], instrumentation for infrared astronomy, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes.<ref name=background /> He has published more than 100 research papers, articles, and reports.<ref>[http://director.stsci.edu/bibliography/ Matt Mountain's Bibliography], [[Space Telescope Science Institute|STScI]] Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref>
Mountain is also a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the [[Johns Hopkins University School of Arts and Sciences|Johns Hopkins University]]<ref name=JHU /> and a visiting professor at the [[University of Oxford]].<ref name=background /><ref>[http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/2010-2011/16june2011-no4957/notices/#49701 Visiting Professorships in the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences], [[University of Oxford]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> He is a fellow of the [[American Astronomical Society]], the [[Royal Astronomical Society]], and the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], and he is a member of the International Society for Optical Engineering ([[SPIE]]).<ref name=meet /><ref name=JHU /><ref name=background />
Mountain is also a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the [[Johns Hopkins University School of Arts and Sciences|Johns Hopkins University]] and a visiting professor at the [[University of Oxford]].<ref name=background /><ref>[http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/2010-2011/16june2011-no4957/notices/#49701 Visiting Professorships in the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences], [[University of Oxford]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref> He is a fellow of the [[American Astronomical Society]], the [[Royal Astronomical Society]], and the [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]], and he is a member of the International Society for Optical Engineering ([[SPIE]]).<ref name=background />


In 2003, Mountain received the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Chile#Order of Educational and Cultural Merit "Gabriela Mistral|Gabriela Mistral Medal]] for excellence in education from the [[Ministry of Education (Chile)|Chilean Ministry of Education]] for the Gemini StarTeachers educational program. This was the first time the medal was awarded outside of Chile.<ref name=meet /><ref name=background /><ref name=award>[http://www.gemini.edu/project/announcements/gabrielamistral.html Gabriela Mistral Medal announcement], [[Gemini Observatory]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref>
In 2003, Mountain received the [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Chile#Order of Educational and Cultural Merit "Gabriela Mistral|Gabriela Mistral Medal]] for excellence in education from the [[Ministry of Education (Chile)|Chilean Ministry of Education]] for the Gemini StarTeachers educational program. This was the first time the medal was awarded outside of Chile.<ref name=background /><ref name=award>[http://www.gemini.edu/project/announcements/gabrielamistral.html Gabriela Mistral Medal announcement], [[Gemini Observatory]]. Accessed October 11, 2013.</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
Line 28: Line 53:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.aura-astronomy.org AURA website]
* [http://director.stsci.edu/ STScI Director's website]
* [http://director.stsci.edu/ STScI Director's website]
* [http://director.stsci.edu/bibliography/ Matt Mountain's bibliography]
* [https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Dr.-Matt-Mountain-Bio.pdf/ Matt Mountain's biography]
* [http://www.stsci.edu/portal/ Space Telescope Science Institute]
* [https://archive.today/20121212120443/http://www.stsci.edu/portal/ Space Telescope Science Institute]
* [http://www.gemini.edu/ The Gemini Observatory]
* [http://www.gemini.edu/ The Gemini Observatory]
* [http://www.tmt.org/ Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project]
* [http://www.tmt.org/ Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project]
{{Authority Control}}

{{Persondata
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| NAME =Mountain, Matt
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Mountain, Matt
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute
| DATE OF BIRTH = ,
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
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}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mountain, Matt}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mountain, Matt}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Latest revision as of 12:52, 10 April 2024

Matt Mountain
FRAS
Photo of Matt Mountain against a backdrop of clouds
Born
Charles Mattias Mountain
Alma materImperial College London (BSc, PhD)
AwardsGabriela Mistral Medal (2003)
Scientific career
FieldsAstronomy
Institutions
ThesisAstronomical Spectrometry In The Near-Infrared (1982)
Doctoral advisorM. J. Selby

Charles Mattias ("Matt") Mountain FRAS is currently the President[1] of the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) which designs, builds, and operates telescopes and observatories for the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). AURA's NASA center is the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), responsible for the science mission for the Hubble Space Telescope, the science and operations for the James Webb Space Telescope, and the MAST data archive. AURA's NSF centers are Gemini Observatory, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), and the National Solar Observatory (NSO). Dr. Mountain and AURA are also responsible for the NSF construction projects: the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) on Haleakalā, Hawaii and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) on Cerro Pachón in Chile.[2]

AURA is a nonprofit consortium[3] of 46 US Universities and 4 International affiliates formed in 1957 to enable the US Federal Government to provide forefront astronomical facilities to the entire US academic community. Today AURA has both a National and International mission to enable astronomical discovery and promote broad engagement in exploring the Universe. AURA has a staff of over 1,500 scientists, engineers and administrators with an annual operating budget of approximately $350M.

Prior to his position as President of AURA, Mountain served as the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Director in Baltimore, Maryland between September 2005 and March 2015 [4][5][6] leading the institute during NASA's last servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (SM4) in 2009, and through the re-formulation of the James Webb Space Telescope project in 2010. While at STScI he used his discretionary Hubble Telescope time for two major science undertakings, the Multi-Cycle Treasury, and the Frontier Fields Programs. Before joining STScI in 2005, Dr. Mountain was the Director of the international Gemini Observatory and led the team that designed, built, and brought into operation the two 8m Gemini telescopes on Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and Cerro Pachón, Chile.[7][8]

His research interests have included star formation, advanced infrared instrumentation, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes to study exo-planets. Dr. Mountain appeared in several documentaries and TV shows on telescopes and astronomy. He received his degree in Physics in 1979, and Ph.D. in Astrophysics in 1983 both from Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London. Dr. Mountain has published over 100 research papers, articles, and reports and is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) and the Royal Astronomical Society and a member of the American Astronomical Society (AAS). Dr. Mountain is also the Telescope Scientist for NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, and Chair of European Observatory's (ESO) Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) Management Advisory Committee.[9]

Education and career

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Mountain earned a Bachelor of Science degree in physics in 1978 and a Ph.D. in astronomy in 1983, both from the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London University.[1] After earning his degrees, Mountain held a Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) fellowship at Imperial College. Mountain later joined the staff of the Royal Observatory in Edinburgh, where he remained for seven years.[10] At the Royal Observatory, Mountain's work involved observations of star formation processes, and he led a team that designed and commissioned the CGS-4 infrared array spectrometer for the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope in Hawaii.[10]

Mountain became project scientist for the Gemini 8-meter telescopes project[11] in 1992, then was appointed director of the seven-nation Gemini project[12] in 1994. Mountain led the team that designed, built, and commissioned the two 8-meter-diameter Gemini telescopes atop Mauna Kea in Hawaii and Cerro Pachón in Chile.[5][10] The book Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology[13] details the efforts involved in building the Gemini telescopes.[10] At Gemini's helm for more than a decade, Mountain assumed responsibility for the creation of the Gemini Observatory, which included formulating, implementing, and running the operations and development programs for the two telescopes.[10] Mountain also developed an adaptive optics group to help the Gemini telescopes remain at the forefront of observational infrared astronomy.[5][8][10]

In 2002, NASA appointed Mountain to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Science Working Group[14] as the JWST telescope scientist.[10] Mountain worked with the JWST project[15] to downscale the telescope's primary mirror to an achievable diameter. He represented the science community on the Mirror Review Board, contributing to the selection of beryllium mirrors[16][17] for the telescope. He co-chaired the Science Assessment Team[18] in 2005 and was a member of the Test Assessment Team[19] in 2010. Mountain continues to work with NASA, the JWST project, the JWST instrument teams,[20] and the Science Working Group to ensure that the performance of JWST meets the requirements of the scientific community.[10]

In 2003, Mountain initiated a partnership with the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO), which resulted in the formation of the New Initiatives Office[21] at the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA). The New Initiatives Office conducted a two-year study of the feasibility of ground-based 30-meter telescopes, which led to the inclusion of AURA in the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) project. Mountain has also served as a member of the review committee for the California Extremely Large Telescope (which became the TMT) and of the TMT Board.

In 2005, Mountain was appointed the director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) by AURA in consultation with NASA.[5][10] As part of his effort to transform STScI into an adaptable multi-mission institution[22] and a modern, diverse workplace, Mountain reorganized STScI's internal management and oversaw the creation of the Science Mission Office,[23] the Project Management Organization, and the Future of the Workplace Committee[24] to advise the director on issues of inclusion and workplace culture.[10]

Matt Mountain gives two thumbs up at NASA's Johnson Space Center during Hubble's Servicing Mission 4 in 2009.

As STScI's director, Mountain collaborated with the astronomical community, NASA, and the crew of STS-125 to develop the science priorities for the Hubble Space Telescope's final servicing mission. He also represented the science community at NASA's Johnson Space Center during the mission's extra-vehicular activities in May 2009. After the servicing mission, Mountain initiated Hubble's Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs[25] (in 2010) and the Frontier Fields initiative[26] (in 2013).[10]

As an astrophysicist, Mountain's research interests have included star formation, instrumentation for infrared astronomy, and the capabilities of advanced telescopes.[10] He has published more than 100 research papers, articles, and reports.[27] Mountain is also a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the Johns Hopkins University and a visiting professor at the University of Oxford.[10][28] He is a fellow of the American Astronomical Society, the Royal Astronomical Society, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and he is a member of the International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE).[10]

In 2003, Mountain received the Gabriela Mistral Medal for excellence in education from the Chilean Ministry of Education for the Gemini StarTeachers educational program. This was the first time the medal was awarded outside of Chile.[10][29]

References

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  1. ^ a b "Leadership".
  2. ^ "Centers".
  3. ^ "About".
  4. ^ STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  5. ^ a b c d New Director Appointed at Space Telescope, STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, June 13, 2005.
  6. ^ Kanipe, Jeff. Space telescopes: Mountain at the top, Nature 437, pp. 610-611, September 29, 2005 | doi:10.1038/437610a
  7. ^ About the Director, STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  8. ^ a b Gravitz, Lauren. Matt Mountain: A Clear Vision of the Future, GeminiFocus Issue 38, pp. 12-15, June 2009.
  9. ^ "ESO - EMAC members".
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Professional Background, STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  11. ^ Kurz, R.; Mountain, M.; Oschmann, J. The Gemini 8-meter telescopes project: Scientific priorities and programmatics, International Symposium on the Scientific and Engineering Frontiers for 8 - 10 m Telescopes, p. 27 - 32, 1995
  12. ^ International Gemini Project. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  13. ^ Giant Telescopes: Astronomical Ambitions and the Promise of Technology, by W. Patrick McCray, Harvard University Press, 2006
  14. ^ JWST Science Working Group, NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.
  15. ^ JWST Project, NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.
  16. ^ JWST Mirrors, NASA. Accessed October 9, 2013.
  17. ^ NASA Approves James Webb Space Telescope Mirror Architecture, STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, September 10, 2003.
  18. ^ James Webb Space Telescope Science Assessment Team Interim Report, STScI, July 26, 2005.
  19. ^ JWST Test Assessment Team Final Report, NASA, October 9, 2007
  20. ^ Instrument and Science Teams for JWST, STScI, JWST News, January 8, 2003.
  21. ^ AURA New Initiatives Office, General Principles, AURA, August 8, 2005.
  22. ^ Profile: Matt Mountain, SpaceNews, pg 22, May 28, 2007.
  23. ^ STScI Science Mission Office. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  24. ^ STScI Future of the Workplace Committee. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  25. ^ Hubble Multi-Cycle Treasury Programs, STScI. Accessed November 7, 2013.
  26. ^ NASA's Great Observatories Begin Deepest Ever Probe of the Universe, STScI, HubbleSite NewsCenter, October 24, 2013.
  27. ^ Matt Mountain's Bibliography, STScI Director's website. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  28. ^ Visiting Professorships in the Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences, University of Oxford. Accessed October 11, 2013.
  29. ^ Gabriela Mistral Medal announcement, Gemini Observatory. Accessed October 11, 2013.
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