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Coordinates: 50°56′21″N 6°57′19″E / 50.93917°N 6.95528°E / 50.93917; 6.95528
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{{short description|Franciscan church from the 13th century}}
{{refimprove|date=November 2019}}

{{morefootnotes|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
[[File:Minoritenkirche Köln im Frühling (1892-94).jpg|thumb|The church]]
[[File:Minoritenkirche Köln im Frühling (1892-94).jpg|thumb|The church]]
[[File:Minoritenkirche Köln, Retabel (2009-12-04).JPG|thumb|High altarpiece]]
[[File:Minoritenkirche Köln, Retabel (2009-12-04).JPG|thumb|High altarpiece]]
[[File:Adolph kolping grab minoritenkirche koeln.jpg|thumb|Grave of Adolph Kolping]]
[[File:Adolph kolping grab minoritenkirche koeln.jpg|thumb|Tomb of Adolph Kolping]]
[[File:ScotusMinoriten.JPG|thumb|Grave of Duns Scotus]]
[[File:ScotusMinoriten.JPG|thumb|Tomb of Duns Scotus]]
[[File:Köln Minoritenkirche Langhaus1.JPG|thumb|Nave]]
[[File:Köln Minoritenkirche Langhaus1.JPG|thumb|Nave]]
[[File:Kreuzgang-des-ehemaligen-Minoritenklosters-Köln.JPG|thumb|Remains of the cloister]]
[[File:Kreuzgang-des-ehemaligen-Minoritenklosters-Köln.JPG|thumb|Remains of the cloister]]
The '''Minoritenkirche''' or '''Church of the Immaculate Conception''' (German - ''St. Mariä Empfängnis'') is a Roman Catholic church on the Kolpingplatz in [[Cologne]]. Built in the 13th century, it is now used by the [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] and the [[Kolpingwerk]] social association.
The '''Minoritenkirche''' or '''Church of the Immaculate Conception''' (German - ''St. Mariä Empfängnis'') is a Catholic church on the Kolpingplatz in [[Cologne]]. Built in the 13th century, it is now used by the [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] and the Kolpingwerk social association.


It is notable for containing the grave of [[Duns Scotus]] and [[Adolph Kolping]], both of whom were [[beatification|beatified]] by [[Pope John Paul II]]. They both feature on the new west doors designed by [[Paul Nagel]] in 2006.
It is notable for containing the tombs of [[Duns Scotus]] and [[Adolph Kolping]], both of whom were [[beatification|beatified]] by [[Pope John Paul II]] - Kolping was also ordained priest in the church. Kolping and Scotus both feature on the new west doors designed by Paul Nagel in 2006.


==History==
==History==
Typically for Franciscan abbey churches, it was built in the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style. It took from 1245 to about 1260 to build its early-Gothic choir, with a three-aisle nave added in the 14th century. As they Franciscans were a [[mendicant order]], they built a [[ridge turret]] but no bell tower. When the French Revolution spread to Cologne in 1794, the Franciscans were expelled from the church and the adjoining monastery. The occupying forces seized the buildings in 1804 and four years later turned them into the headquarters for secular social work in the city.
Typically for Franciscan monastery churches, it was built in the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] style. It took from 1245 to about 1260 to build its early-Gothic choir, with a three-aisle nave added in the 14th century. As the Franciscans are a [[mendicant order]], they built a [[ridge turret]] but no bell tower, indications of the poverty adopted by the order. When the French Revolution spread to Cologne in 1794, the Franciscans were expelled from the church and the adjoining monastery. The occupying forces seized the buildings in 1804 and four years later turned them into the headquarters for secular social work in the city.


In 1846 the church was handed over to the city's [[cathedral chapter]] for use as an annexe church to [[Cologne Cathedral]] and four years later archbishop [[Johannes von Geissel]] made it the diocesan church for confirmations and ordinations. He also instigated a restoration which was completed in 1862, partly thanks to a 40,000 [[Thaler|Taler]] donation from the businessman [[Johann Heinrich Richartz]] (1795–1861), who had already set up the [[Wallraf-Richartz-Museum & Fondation Corboud|Wallraf-Richartz-Museum]] on the former site of the monastery buildings.
In 1846 the church was handed over to the city's [[cathedral chapter]] for use as an annexe church to [[Cologne Cathedral]] and four years later archbishop [[Johannes von Geissel]] made it the diocesan church for confirmations and ordinations. He also instigated a restoration which was completed in 1862, partly thanks to a 40,000 [[Thaler|Taler]] donation from the businessman [[Johann Heinrich Richartz]] (1795–1861), who had already set up the [[Wallraf-Richartz-Museum & Fondation Corboud|Wallraf-Richartz-Museum]] on the former site of the monastery buildings.
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Im [[Zweiter Weltkrieg|Zweiten Weltkrieg]] zerstörte Feuer die Kirche, die Gewölbe und Teile des Südschiffes gingen verloren. Der Wiederaufbau durch das Kolpingwerk wurde 1958 abgeschlossen.
Im [[Zweiter Weltkrieg|Zweiten Weltkrieg]] zerstörte Feuer die Kirche, die Gewölbe und Teile des Südschiffes gingen verloren. Der Wiederaufbau durch das Kolpingwerk wurde 1958 abgeschlossen.


2009/10 wurde die Kirche umfassend für 1,85 Millionen Euro restauriert, darunter das komplette Dach mit Dachreiter. Den Hauptteil der Kosten steuerte das Erzbistum bei. Neu ist in der Kirche insbesondere ein gläsernes [[Kruzifix]] des Düsseldorfer Künstlers Thomas Kesseler, das im Chor über dem Altar schwebt, und eine [[Büste]] Kolpings neben seinem Grab.
2009/10 wurde die Kirche umfassend für 1,85 Millionen Euro restauriert, darunter das komplette Dach mit Dachreiter. Den Hauptteil der Kosten steuerte das Erzbistum bei. Neu ist in der Kirche insbesondere ein gläsernes [[Kruzifix]] des Düsseldorfer Künstlers Thomas Kesseler, das im Chor über dem Altar schwebt, und eine [[Büste]] Kolpings neben seinem Grab.


Vom Kreuzgang des Minoritenklosters hat sich das [[Maßwerk]] des Westflügels erhalten. Er ist heute in das Gebäude des [[Museum für Angewandte Kunst (Köln)|Museums für Angewandte Kunst]] integriert.
Vom Kreuzgang des Minoritenklosters hat sich das [[Maßwerk]] des Westflügels erhalten. Er ist heute in das Gebäude des [[Museum für Angewandte Kunst (Köln)|Museums für Angewandte Kunst]] integriert.
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A new Romanus Seifert & Sohn organ was installed in 1997, with 44 registers, divided into three manuals and pedals, with mechanical [[tracker action|trackers]] and electrical registers. The [[expression pedal]] is equipped with [[Barker lever]]s.
A new Romanus Seifert & Sohn organ was installed in 1997, with 44 registers, divided into three manuals and pedals, with mechanical [[tracker action|trackers]] and electrical registers. The [[expression pedal]] is equipped with [[Barker lever]]s.


⚫
{| border="0" cellspacing="24" cellpadding="10" style="border-collapse:collapse;"

⚫
{| border="0" cellspacing="24" cellpadding="10" style="border-collapse:collapse;"
| style="vertical-align:top" |
| style="vertical-align:top" |
{| border="0"
{| border="0"
Line 45: Line 49:
| 6.|| Rohrflöte || 4′
| 6.|| Rohrflöte || 4′
|-
|-
| 7.|| Quinte || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
| 7.|| Quinte || {{frac|2|2|3}}′
|-
|-
| 8.|| Superoctave || 2′
| 8.|| Superoctave || 2′
|-
|-
| 9.|| Mixtur V || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
| 9.|| Mixtur V || {{frac|1|1|3}}′
|-
|-
| 10.|| Cornett V ''(ab c<sup>0</sup>)'' || 8′
| 10.|| Cornett V ''(ab c<sup>0</sup>)'' || 8′
Line 74: Line 78:
| 18.|| Traversflöte || 4′
| 18.|| Traversflöte || 4′
|-
|-
| 19.|| Nasard || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
| 19.|| Nasard || {{frac|2|2|3}}′
|-
|-
| 20.|| Octavin || 2′
| 20.|| Octavin || 2′
|-
|-
| 21.|| Terz || {{Bruch|1|3|5}}′
| 21.|| Terz || {{frac|1|3|5}}′
|-
|-
| 22.|| Mixtur IV || 2′
| 22.|| Mixtur IV || 2′
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| 30.|| Gemshorn || 2′
| 30.|| Gemshorn || 2′
|-
|-
| 31.|| Sifflöte || {{Bruch|1|1|3}}′
| 31.|| Sifflöte || {{frac|1|1|3}}′
|-
|-
| 32.|| Scharff III || 1′
| 32.|| Scharff III || 1′
|-
|-
| 33.|| Sesquialter II || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
| 33.|| Sesquialter II || {{frac|2|2|3}}′
|-
|-
| 34.|| Cromorne || 8′
| 34.|| Cromorne || 8′
Line 126: Line 130:
| 37.|| Subbass || 16′
| 37.|| Subbass || 16′
|-
|-
| 38.|| Quintbass || {{Bruch|10|2|3}}′
| 38.|| Quintbass || {{frac|10|2|3}}′
|-
|-
| 39.|| Octavbass || 8′
| 39.|| Octavbass || 8′
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| 41.|| Choralbass || 4′
| 41.|| Choralbass || 4′
|-
|-
| 42.|| Hintersatz IV || {{Bruch|2|2|3}}′
| 42.|| Hintersatz IV || {{frac|2|2|3}}′
|-
|-
| 43.|| Bombarde || 16′
| 43.|| Bombarde || 16′
Line 141: Line 145:
|}
|}
|}
|}
* ''Stops:'' II/I, III/I, III/II, I/P, II/P, III/P
* ''Stops:'' II/I, III/I, III/II, I/P, II/P, III/P
* ''Stops:'' 768-fache [[combination action]]
* ''Stops:'' 768-fache [[combination action]]


== Bells==
== Bells==
The ridge-turret houses two bells, both cast in [[Münster]] by [[Feldmann & Marschel]]. They replace two bells cast in 1754 and 1853 which were destroyed during the [[Second World War]].<ref name="Glocken">{{cite web | url=http://www.glockenbuecherebk.de/pdf/glockenbuch_koeln.pdf | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129112322/http://www.glockenbuecherebk.de/pdf/glockenbuch_koeln.pdf | archivedate=29 January 2017 | title=Glocken katholischer Kirchen Kölns | first=Gerhard | last=Hoffs | language=de | accessdate=12 November 2019 | page=59 }}</ref> As with the 'Kirchen am Neumarkt' ([[Basilica of the Holy Apostles, Cologne|St. Aposteln]], the [[Antoniterkirche (Cologne)|Antoniterkirche]] and [[St. Peter (Cologne)|St. Peter]]), both bells ring at 16:45 on Saturdays and Sundays, whilst the 'Marienglocke' rings the [[Angelus]] on its own at 19:30 each evening.
<!---

Im Dachreiter hängen zwei [[Glocke]]n übereinander, die von [[Feldmann & Marschel]] in Münster gegossen wurden. Sie ersetzen zwei Glocken aus den Jahren 1754 und 1853, die durch Kriegseinwirkung vernichtet wurden.<ref name="Glocken">{{Webarchiv|url=http://www.glockenbuecherebk.de/pdf/glockenbuch_koeln.pdf |wayback=20140428063651 |text=Gerhard Hoffs: ''Glockenmusik katholischer Kirchen Kölns.'' PDF-Dokument, S. 63–66. |archiv-bot=2019-05-01 22:14:10 InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> Parallel mit den „Kirchen am Neumarkt“ ([[St. Aposteln]], [[Antoniterkirche (Köln)|Antoniterkirche]] und [[St. Peter (Köln)|St. Peter]]) wird am Samstag um 16:45 Uhr mit beiden Glocken der Sonntag eingeläutet. Abends um 19:30 Uhr läutet die ''Marienglocke'' zum [[Angelusläuten|Angelus]].
⚫
{| class="wikitable"
--->
⚫
{| class="wikitable"
|-----
|-----
|bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Nr.'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Name'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Gussjahr'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Ø'''<br />(mm) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Gewicht'''<br />(kg) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Nominal'''<br />(16tel) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Inschrift'''<br />&nbsp;
|bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Nr.'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Name'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Cast in'''<br />&nbsp; ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Diameter'''<br />(mm) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Weight'''<br />(kg) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Nominal'''<br />(16tel) ||bgcolor=#dddddd| '''Inscription'''<br />&nbsp;
|-----
|-----
| 1 || Maria || 1954 || align="right"|790 || align="right"|280 || '''h<sup>1</sup>''' –2 || „Maria, mein erstes Geläut preiset dein Heiliges Jahr. Immaculata, dir singet jubelnd mein Mund immerdar.“
| 1 || Maria || 1954 || align="right"|790 || align="right"|280 || '''h<sup>1</sup>''' –2 || „Maria, mein erstes Geläut preiset dein Heiliges Jahr. Immaculata, dir singet jubelnd mein Mund immerdar."
|-----
|-----
| 2 || Kolping || 1952 || align="right"|660 || align="right"|160 || '''d<sup>2</sup>''' ±0 || „1711 ward ich gegossen / 1865 verkündete ich Kolpings Tod / 1942 ward ich ins Mark getroffen / 1952 erstand ich neu nach schwerer Not / Im Leiden stählt sich die Seele.“
| 2 || Kolping || 1952 || align="right"|660 || align="right"|160 || '''d<sup>2</sup>''' ±0 || „1711 ward ich gegossen / 1865 verkündete ich Kolpings Tod / 1942 ward ich ins Mark getroffen / 1952 erstand ich neu nach schwerer Not / Im Leiden stählt sich die Seele."
|}<ref name="Glocken"/>
|}<ref name="Glocken"/>


Line 161: Line 164:


== Bibliography (in German) ==
== Bibliography (in German) ==
* [[Hans-Joachim Kracht]]: ''Adolph Kolping: Priester, Pädagoge, Publizist im Dienst christlicher Sozialreform.'' Herder Verlag. Freiburg im Breisgau u.&nbsp;a. 1993, S. 159–163, ISBN 3451213273.
* [[Hans-Joachim Kracht]]: ''Adolph Kolping: Priester, Pädagoge, Publizist im Dienst christlicher Sozialreform.'' Herder Verlag. Freiburg im Breisgau u.&nbsp;a. 1993, S. 159–163, {{ISBN|3451213273}}.
* Heinrich Neu: ''Die Minoritenkirche zu Köln.'' Münster-Verlag, Köln 1949.
* Heinrich Neu: ''Die Minoritenkirche zu Köln.'' Münster-Verlag, Köln 1949.
* Bernhard Ridder: ''Kolpings Grabeskirche, das Familienheiligtum der Kolpingssöhne,'' Kolping Verlag, Köln 1958.
* Bernhard Ridder: ''Kolpings Grabeskirche, das Familienheiligtum der Kolpingssöhne,'' Kolping Verlag, Köln 1958.


{{coord|50|56|21|N|6|57|19|E|region:DE-NW_type:landmark|display=title}}


[[category:Roman Catholic churches in Cologne]]
{{Coordinate|article=/|NS=50/56/21/N|EW=6/57/19/E|type=landmark|region=DE-NW}}
[[category:Gothic architecture in Germany]]

[[Category:Franciscan churches in Germany]]

[[Category:14th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Germany]]
[[Kategorie:Gotisches Bauwerk in Köln|Minoritenkirche]]
[[Kategorie:Köln-Altstadt-Nord]]
[[Kategorie:Kolpingwerk]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude im Erzbistum Köln|Koln]]
[[Kategorie:Disposition einer Orgel|Koln, Minoritenkirche]]
[[Kategorie:Franziskanerkirche|Koln]]
[[Kategorie:Bettelordenskirche|Koln]]
[[Kategorie:Maria-Immaculata-Kirche|Koln]]
[[Kategorie:Erbaut im 14. Jahrhundert]]
[[Kategorie:Gotische Kirche|Koln]]
[[Kategorie:Kirchengebäude in Köln]]
[[Kategorie:Baudenkmal in Köln]]

Latest revision as of 07:52, 11 April 2024

The church
High altarpiece
Tomb of Adolph Kolping
Tomb of Duns Scotus
Nave
Remains of the cloister

The Minoritenkirche or Church of the Immaculate Conception (German - St. Mariä Empfängnis) is a Catholic church on the Kolpingplatz in Cologne. Built in the 13th century, it is now used by the Franciscan and the Kolpingwerk social association.

It is notable for containing the tombs of Duns Scotus and Adolph Kolping, both of whom were beatified by Pope John Paul II - Kolping was also ordained priest in the church. Kolping and Scotus both feature on the new west doors designed by Paul Nagel in 2006.

History

[edit]

Typically for Franciscan monastery churches, it was built in the Gothic style. It took from 1245 to about 1260 to build its early-Gothic choir, with a three-aisle nave added in the 14th century. As the Franciscans are a mendicant order, they built a ridge turret but no bell tower, indications of the poverty adopted by the order. When the French Revolution spread to Cologne in 1794, the Franciscans were expelled from the church and the adjoining monastery. The occupying forces seized the buildings in 1804 and four years later turned them into the headquarters for secular social work in the city.

In 1846 the church was handed over to the city's cathedral chapter for use as an annexe church to Cologne Cathedral and four years later archbishop Johannes von Geissel made it the diocesan church for confirmations and ordinations. He also instigated a restoration which was completed in 1862, partly thanks to a 40,000 Taler donation from the businessman Johann Heinrich Richartz (1795–1861), who had already set up the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum on the former site of the monastery buildings.


Organ

[edit]

A new Romanus Seifert & Sohn organ was installed in 1997, with 44 registers, divided into three manuals and pedals, with mechanical trackers and electrical registers. The expression pedal is equipped with Barker levers.

I Hauptwerk C–g3
1. Gedackt 16′
2. Principal 8′
3. Flûte harm. 8′
4. Spitzflöte 8′
5. Octave 4′
6. Rohrflöte 4′
7. Quinte 2+2⁄3′
8. Superoctave 2′
9. Mixtur V 1+1⁄3′
10. Cornett V (ab c0) 8′
11. Trompete 8′
II Schwellwerk C–g3
12. Bourdon 16′
13. Principal 8′
14. Flöte 8′
15. Viola da Gamba 8′
16. Voix céleste (ab c0) 8′
17. Principal 4′
18. Traversflöte 4′
19. Nasard 2+2⁄3′
20. Octavin 2′
21. Terz 1+3⁄5′
22. Mixtur IV 2′
23. Trompette harm. 8′
24. Hautbois 8′
25. Clairon 4′
Tremulant
III Positiv C–g3
26. Bourdon 8′
27. Quintade 8′
28. Principal 4′
29. Blockflöte 4′
30. Gemshorn 2′
31. Sifflöte 1+1⁄3′
32. Scharff III 1′
33. Sesquialter II 2+2⁄3′
34. Cromorne 8′
Tremulant
Pedal C–f1
35. Subbass 32′
36. Principalbass 16′
37. Subbass 16′
38. Quintbass 10+2⁄3′
39. Octavbass 8′
40. Bassflöte 8′
41. Choralbass 4′
42. Hintersatz IV 2+2⁄3′
43. Bombarde 16′
44. Trompete 8′

Bells

[edit]

The ridge-turret houses two bells, both cast in Münster by Feldmann & Marschel. They replace two bells cast in 1754 and 1853 which were destroyed during the Second World War.[1] As with the 'Kirchen am Neumarkt' (St. Aposteln, the Antoniterkirche and St. Peter), both bells ring at 16:45 on Saturdays and Sundays, whilst the 'Marienglocke' rings the Angelus on its own at 19:30 each evening.

Nr.
 		 Name
 		 Cast in
 		 Diameter
(mm)		 Weight
(kg)		 Nominal
(16tel)		 Inscription
 
1 Maria 1954 790 280 h1 –2 „Maria, mein erstes Geläut preiset dein Heiliges Jahr. Immaculata, dir singet jubelnd mein Mund immerdar."
2 Kolping 1952 660 160 d2 ±0 „1711 ward ich gegossen / 1865 verkündete ich Kolpings Tod / 1942 ward ich ins Mark getroffen / 1952 erstand ich neu nach schwerer Not / Im Leiden stählt sich die Seele."

[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Hoffs, Gerhard. "Glocken katholischer Kirchen Kölns" (PDF) (in German). p. 59. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2019.

Bibliography (in German)

[edit]
  • Hans-Joachim Kracht: Adolph Kolping: Priester, Pädagoge, Publizist im Dienst christlicher Sozialreform. Herder Verlag. Freiburg im Breisgau u. a. 1993, S. 159–163, ISBN 3451213273.
  • Heinrich Neu: Die Minoritenkirche zu Köln. Münster-Verlag, Köln 1949.
  • Bernhard Ridder: Kolpings Grabeskirche, das Familienheiligtum der Kolpingssöhne, Kolping Verlag, Köln 1958.

50°56′21″N 6°57′19″E / 50.93917°N 6.95528°E / 50.93917; 6.95528

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