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Herbert Feis (June 7, 1893 – March 2, 1972) was an American historian, author, and economist who was the Advisor on International Economic Affairs (at that time, the highest-ranking economic official) in the US Department of State during the Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt administrations.

Based on this experience, his subsequent 25-year career was as a leading scholar of the U.S. diplomatic history of the World War II period. He developed that narrative in 11 books and won the annual Pulitzer Prize for History in 1961 for one of them, Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference (Princeton University Press, 1960),^[1] which features the Potsdam Conference and the origins of the Cold War.

Early life

Feis was born in New York City. His parents, Louis Feis and Louise Waterman Feis, were Jewish immigrants from Alsace, France, who came to America in the late 1800s. His uncle invented the Waterman stove. As the family fortunes improved, they moved from the Lower East Side to the Upper West Side of Manhattan, where Feis' high school education was completed at the Townsend Harris Hall Prep School. He graduated from Harvard College, earned a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard, and married Ruth Stanley-Brown, the granddaughter of US President James Garfield; they had a daughter.^[2]

Career

Feis was an instructor at Harvard University (1920–1921), an associate professor of economics at the University of Kansas (1922–1925), and a professor and department head at the University of Cincinnati (1926–1929). He published a stream of scholarly studies. From 1922 to 1927, he was also an adviser on the American economy to the International Labor Office (ILO) of the League of Nations, in Geneva, Switzerland. He was on the staff of the Council on Foreign Relations from 1930 to 1931. His first major book, Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914 (1930), impressed Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson, who recruited Feis to the State Department, where Feis remained from 1931 to 1943, advising Stimson and then Secretary of State Cordell Hull.^[3] He helped to shape the nation's international economic policies and represented the government at numerous international conferences including the World Economic and Monetary Conference of 1933 in London and the meetings of the Conference of American Republics held in Buenos Aires (1936), Lima (1938), and Panama (1939). As World War II approached, he chaired the government's Interdepartmental Committee to Stockpile Strategic and Critical Raw Materials. From 1943 through 1947, he rejoined Stimson, who was then Secretary of War. After retiring from government service, he spent the next 25 years documenting the U.S, diplomatic history of the Pre-War, World War II, and early Cold War periods. He had access to secret documents as well as his own memories to trace the convoluted course that Washington followed in abandoning its traditional isolationism for a policy of global intervention. His books are sometimes considered to represent the "orthodox" interpretation of history.^[4]^[5] His analysis of the origins of the Cold War was challenged from the left during the Vietnam era, with the allegation that the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were designed primarily to stop Soviet expansionism and thus caused the Cold War. However, scholarship since the 1980s has largely vindicated his interpretation of the use of nuclear weapons in 1945 as an effort to end the bloodshed as fast as possible.^[6]

Criticism

According to the Dictionary of American Biography:

Feis was not without his critics. Some charged that as a "court historian" he could not write objectively about the government policies and actions that he himself had helped to formulate. His close involvement with the people and events about which he wrote, they said, "shackled" him to an "establishment line." One English critic described his 1960 prize-winning study of the Potsdam Conference as "a State Department brief, translated into terms of historical scholarship." But the dominant view was that while Feis's participation in events animated his narrative, he wrote objective history characterized by reasonably dispassionate analysis. As an insider with access to government documents closed to other scholars, he had an unusual advantage, a fact of which he was well aware. Perhaps because of this, he devoted much time during the 1960s trying to persuade government officials that they could open government documents to research scholars much sooner than was customary without jeopardizing the national security.^[7]

Legacy

The Herbert Feis Award is awarded annually since 1984 by the American Historical Association, a major professional society of historians, to recognize the recent work of public historians or independent scholars.^[8]

Bibliography

The Settlement of Wage Disputes (Macmillan, 1921) – his earliest work in the Library of Congress Catalog^[9]
Europe the World's Banker, 1870-1914: an account of European foreign investment and the connection of world finance with diplomacy before the war (1930) online
The Changing Pattern of International Economic Affairs (1940)^[10]
Seen from E.A.: Three International Episodes (1947) online^[11]
The Spanish Story: Franco and the Nations at War (1948) online^[12]
The Road to Pearl Harbor: The Coming of the War Between the United States and Japan (1950) online ^[13]
The China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission (1953) online^[14]
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin: The War They Waged and the Peace They Sought (1957) ^[15]
Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference (1960) (Pulitzer Prize) online^[16]
Japan Subdued: The Atomic Bomb and the End of the War in the Pacific (1961)
The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II (1966)^[17]
1933: Characters in Crisis (1966)^[18]
Contest over Japan (1967)^[19]
The Birth of Israel (1969)
From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War, 1945–1950 (1970)^[20]

References

^ "History". The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-11-25.
^ "Herbert Feis". American Authors by Answers.com. Answers.com. 2004.
^ At https://history.state.gov, the Office of the Historian, U.S. State Department publishes the official documents recording U.S. diplomacy in all administrations, including those of Presidents Hoover, F. Roosevelt, and Truman. In April 2024, a search of that site using the term "Feis" produced 336 references dated 1932 to 1950.
^ Doenecke, 1999.
^ Dictionary of American Biography (1994).
^ Kort, 2007.
^ "Herbert Feis." Dictionary of American Biography (1994).
^ "Herbert Feis Award". American Historical Association. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
^ Feis, Herbert. The Settlement of Wage Disputes.
^ Feis, Herbert (1940). The changing pattern of international economic affairs. Harper & Brothers.
^ Feis, Herbert (1947). Seen from E. A.: Three International Episodes. Knopf.
^ Herbert Feis (1948). The Spanish Story. Alfred A. Knopf.
^ Van Alstyne, Richard W. (1951). "Review of The Road to Pearl Harbor. The Coming of the War Between the United States and Japan". The Far Eastern Quarterly. 11 (1): 107–109. doi:10.2307/2048916. JSTOR 2048916.
^ Feis, Herbert (1953). China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400868278.
^ Herbert Feis (1957). Churchill Roosevelt Stalin. Princeton University Press.
^ Feis, Herbert (1960). Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691056036.
^ Feis, Herbert (1966). The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II (2nd Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691056012.
^ Feis, Herbert (1966). 1933: Characters in Crisis. Little, Brown.
^ "Contest over Japan". New York W. W. Norton. 1967.
^ Feis, Herbert (1970). From trust to terror: the onset of the cold war, 1945-1950. Norton. ISBN 9780393054255.

Sources

Crapol, Edward. "Some reflections on the historiography of the cold war." The History Teacher 20.2 (1987): 251-262. online
Doenecke, Justus. "Feis, Herbert" American National Biography online
Goldberg, Stanley. "Racing to the Finish: The Decision to Bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki." Journal of American-East Asian Relations (1995): 117-128. online
Kort, Michael. "The Historiography of Hiroshima: The Rise and Fall of Revisionism." New England Journal of History 64.1 (2007): 31-48. online
Yergler, Dennis (1993). Herbert Feis, Wilsonian internationalism, and America's technological-democracy. P. Lang. ISBN 9780820420783.
"Herbert Feis." Dictionary of American Biography, (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1994). online

External links

Works by Herbert Feis at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about Herbert Feis at the Internet Archive
Herbert Feis at Library of Congress, with 37 library catalog records
Herbert Feis at Find a Grave

[1] "History". The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-11-25.

[2] "Herbert Feis". American Authors by Answers.com. Answers.com. 2004.

[3] At https://history.state.gov, the Office of the Historian, U.S. State Department publishes the official documents recording U.S. diplomacy in all administrations, including those of Presidents Hoover, F. Roosevelt, and Truman. In April 2024, a search of that site using the term "Feis" produced 336 references dated 1932 to 1950.

[4] Doenecke, 1999.

[5] Dictionary of American Biography (1994).

[6] Kort, 2007.

[7] "Herbert Feis." Dictionary of American Biography (1994).

[award-8] "Herbert Feis Award". American Historical Association. Retrieved 29 March 2015.

[9] Feis, Herbert. The Settlement of Wage Disputes.

[10] Feis, Herbert (1940). The changing pattern of international economic affairs. Harper & Brothers.

[11] Feis, Herbert (1947). Seen from E. A.: Three International Episodes. Knopf.

[12] Herbert Feis (1948). The Spanish Story. Alfred A. Knopf.

[13] Van Alstyne, Richard W. (1951). "Review of The Road to Pearl Harbor. The Coming of the War Between the United States and Japan". The Far Eastern Quarterly. 11 (1): 107–109. doi:10.2307/2048916. JSTOR 2048916.

[14] Feis, Herbert (1953). China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9781400868278.

[15] Herbert Feis (1957). Churchill Roosevelt Stalin. Princeton University Press.

[16] Feis, Herbert (1960). Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691056036.

[17] Feis, Herbert (1966). The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II (2nd Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691056012.

[18] Feis, Herbert (1966). 1933: Characters in Crisis. Little, Brown.

[19] "Contest over Japan". New York W. W. Norton. 1967.

[20] Feis, Herbert (1970). From trust to terror: the onset of the cold war, 1945-1950. Norton. ISBN 9780393054255.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|American historian}}
-'''Herbert Feis''' (June 7, 1893 – March 2, 1972) was an American Historian and economist.  He was the Economic Advisor for International Affairs to the [[U.S. Department of State]] in the [[Herbert Hoover|Hoover]] and [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] administrations.
+'''Herbert Feis''' (June 7, 1893 – March 2, 1972) was an American historian, author, and economist who was the Advisor on International Economic Affairs (at that time, the highest-ranking economic official) in the [[US Department of State]] during the [[Herbert Hoover]] and [[Franklin Roosevelt]] administrations.
-Feis wrote at least 13 published books and won the annual [[Pulitzer Prize for History]] in 1961 for one of them, ''Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1960).<ref>[http://pulitzer.org/bycat/History "History"]. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-11-25.</ref> It features the [[Potsdam Conference]] and the origins of the [[Cold War]].
+Based on this experience, his subsequent 25-year career was as a leading scholar of the U.S. diplomatic history of the World War II period. He developed that narrative in 11 books and won the annual [[Pulitzer Prize for History]] in 1961 for one of them, ''Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1960),<ref>[http://pulitzer.org/bycat/History "History"]. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2013-11-25.</ref> which features the [[Potsdam Conference]] and the origins of the [[Cold War]].
-==Youth==
-Feis was born in New York City and raised on the [[Lower East Side]]. His parents, Louis Feis and Louise Waterman Feis, were Jewish immigrants from Alsace, France that came to America in the late 1800s. His uncle invented the Waterman stove. He graduated from Harvard College and went on to marry  Ruth Stanley-Brown, the granddaughter of [[James Garfield]], the president of the US in 1881. They had a daughter.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.answers.com/topic/herbert-feis | title=Herbert Feis | year=2004 |work=American Authors by Answers.com |publisher=Answers.com}}</ref>
+==Early life==
+Feis was born in [[New York City]].  His parents, Louis Feis and Louise Waterman Feis, were Jewish immigrants from [[Alsace]], [[France]], who came to America in the late 1800s. His uncle invented the Waterman stove. As the family fortunes improved, they moved from the [[Lower East Side]] to the Upper West Side of Manhattan, where Feis' high school education was completed at the   [[Townsend Harris Hall Prep School]]. He graduated from Harvard College, earned a Ph.D. in Economics from Harvard, and married  Ruth Stanley-Brown, the granddaughter of US President [[James Garfield]]; they had a daughter.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.answers.com/topic/herbert-feis | title=Herbert Feis | year=2004 |work=American Authors by Answers.com |publisher=Answers.com}}</ref>
 ==Career==
-Feis was an instructor at Harvard (1920–1921), associate professor of economics at the University of Kansas (1922–1925), and professor and department head at the University of Cincinnati (1926–1929).  He published a stream of scholarly studies. From 1922 to 1927 he also was an adviser on the American economy to the [[International Labor Office]] (ILO), of the League of Nations, in Geneva, Switzerland. He was on the staff of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] in 1930–1931.  His first major book, ''Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914'' (1930) impressed  Secretary of State [[Henry L. Stimson]]. He recruited Feis to the State Department, where he was an economic advisor 1931 to 1943. Feis helped shape the nation's international economic policies and represented his government at  numerous international conferences including the [[London Economic Conference|World Economic and Monetary Conference of 1933 in London]] and the meetings of the Conference of American Republics held in Buenos Aires (1936), Lima (1938), and Panama (1939). He served as a senior advisor in the War Department 1943-1947.  Leaving government service he wrote eleven major monographs over the next twenty-five years. They provide a comprehensive history of American foreign policy from 1933 to 1950. He had access to secret document--as well as his own memories--to trace the convoluted course Washington followed in abandoning its traditional isolationism for a policy of global intervention.  His books comprised the "orthodox" interpretation of history.<ref>Doenecke, 1999.</ref><ref>''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1994).</ref>  His analysis of the origins of the Cold War was challenged from the left during the Vietnam era, with the allegation that Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were primarily designed to stop Soviet expansion and thus caused the Cold War. However, scholarship since the 1980s has largely vindicated his interpretations of the use of nuclear weapons in 1945 as an effort to end the bloodshed as fast as possible.<ref>Kort, 2007.</ref>
+Feis was an instructor at [[Harvard University]] (1920–1921), an associate professor of economics at the [[University of Kansas]] (1922–1925), and a professor and department head at the [[University of Cincinnati]] (1926–1929). He published a stream of scholarly studies. From 1922 to 1927, he was also an adviser on the American economy to the [[International Labor Office]] (ILO) of the [[League of Nations]], in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]]. He was on the staff of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]] from 1930 to 1931.  His first major book, ''Europe, the World's Banker, 1870-1914'' (1930), impressed  Secretary of State [[Henry L. Stimson]], who recruited Feis to the State Department, where Feis remained from 1931 to 1943, advising  Stimson and then Secretary of State [[Cordell Hull]].<ref> At https://history.state.gov, the Office of the Historian, U.S. State Department publishes the official documents recording U.S. diplomacy in all administrations, including those of Presidents Hoover, F. Roosevelt, and Truman. In April 2024, a search of that site using the term "Feis" produced 336 references dated 1932 to 1950.</ref> He helped to shape the nation's international economic policies and represented the government at  numerous international conferences including the [[London Economic Conference|World Economic and Monetary Conference of 1933 in London]] and the meetings of the Conference of American Republics held in Buenos Aires (1936), Lima (1938), and Panama (1939). As World War II approached, he chaired the government's Interdepartmental Committee to Stockpile Strategic and Critical Raw Materials.  From 1943 through 1947, he rejoined Stimson, who was then Secretary of War. After retiring from government service, he spent the next 25 years documenting the U.S, diplomatic history of the Pre-War, World War II, and early Cold War periods.  He had access to secret documents as well as his own memories to trace the convoluted course that Washington followed in abandoning its traditional isolationism for a policy of global intervention. His books are sometimes considered to represent the "orthodox" interpretation of history.<ref>Doenecke, 1999.</ref><ref>''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1994).</ref> His analysis of the origins of the Cold War was challenged from the left during the Vietnam era, with the allegation that the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were designed primarily to stop Soviet expansionism and thus caused the Cold War. However, scholarship since the 1980s has largely vindicated his interpretation of the use of nuclear weapons in 1945 as an effort to end the bloodshed as fast as possible.<ref>Kort, 2007.</ref>
 ==Criticism==
 According to the ''Dictionary of American Biography'':
-:Feis was not without his critics. Some charged that as a "court historian" he could not write objectively about the government policies and actions that he himself had helped to formulate. His close involvement with the people and events about which he wrote, they said, "shackled" him to an "establishment line." One English critic described his 1960 prize-winning study of the Potsdam Conference as "a State Department brief, translated into terms of historical scholarship." But the dominant view was that while Feis's participation in events animated his narrative, he wrote objective history characterized by reasonably dispassionate analysis. As an insider with access to government documents closed to other scholars, he had an unusual advantage, a fact of which he was well aware. Perhaps because of this, he devoted much time during the 1960's trying to persuade government officials that they could open government documents to research scholars much sooner than was customary without jeopardizing the national security.<ref>"Herbert Feis." ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1994). </ref>
+:Feis was not without his critics. Some charged that as a "court historian" he could not write objectively about the government policies and actions that he himself had helped to formulate. His close involvement with the people and events about which he wrote, they said, "shackled" him to an "establishment line." One English critic described his 1960 prize-winning study of the Potsdam Conference as "a State Department brief, translated into terms of historical scholarship." But the dominant view was that while Feis's participation in events animated his narrative, he wrote objective history characterized by reasonably dispassionate analysis. As an insider with access to government documents closed to other scholars, he had an unusual advantage, a fact of which he was well aware. Perhaps because of this, he devoted much time during the 1960s trying to persuade government officials that they could open government documents to research scholars much sooner than was customary without jeopardizing the national security.<ref>"Herbert Feis." ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1994).</ref>
+==Legacy==
-He died in [[Winter Park, Florida]].
-==Herbert Feis Award==
 The Herbert Feis Award is awarded annually since 1984 by the [[American Historical Association]], a major professional society of historians, to recognize the recent work of [[public historian]]s or [[independent scholar]]s.<ref name=award>
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 | publisher = American Historical Association
 | url = https://www.historians.org/awards-and-grants/awards-and-prizes/herbert-feis-award
-| date =
+| access-date = 29 March 2015}}</ref>
-| accessdate = 29 March 2015}}</ref>
 ==Bibliography==
-* ''The Settlement of Wage Disputes'' (Macmillan, 1921) – his earliest work in the Library of Congress Catalog<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/27519|title=The Settlement of Wage Disputes|last=Feis|first=Herbert|}}</ref>
+* ''The Settlement of Wage Disputes'' (Macmillan, 1921) – his earliest work in the Library of Congress Catalog<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/27519|title=The Settlement of Wage Disputes|last=Feis|first=Herbert}}</ref>
-* ''Europe the World's Banker, 1870–1914: an account of European foreign investment and the connection of world finance with diplomacy before the war'' (1930)[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.275519  online free]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OGMPAQAAMAAJ|title=Europe, the world's banker, 1870-1914: an account of European foreign investment and the connection of world finance with diplomacy before the war|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1930|publisher=Yale University Press|}}</ref>
+* ''Europe the World's Banker, 1870-1914: an account of European foreign investment and the connection of world finance with diplomacy before the war'' (1930) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.275519 online]
-* ''The Changing Pattern of International Economic Affairs'' (1940)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b4csAAAAMAAJ|title=The changing pattern of international economic affairs|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1940|publisher=Harper & Brothers|}}</ref>
+* ''The Changing Pattern of International Economic Affairs'' (1940)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b4csAAAAMAAJ|title=The changing pattern of international economic affairs|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1940|publisher=Harper & Brothers}}</ref>
-* ''Seen from E.A.: Three International Episodes'' (1947) [https://archive.org/details/seenfromeathreei00feis online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/seenfromeathreei00feis|title=Seen from E. A.: Three International Episodes|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1947|publisher=Knopf|}}</ref>
+* ''Seen from E.A.: Three International Episodes'' (1947) [https://archive.org/details/seenfromeathreei00feis online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/seenfromeathreei00feis|title=Seen from E. A.: Three International Episodes|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1947|publisher=Knopf}}</ref>
 * ''The Spanish Story: Franco and the Nations at War'' (1948) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.58065 online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/spanishstory017636mbp|title=The Spanish Story|last=Herbert Feis|year=1948|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf}}</ref>
 * ''The Road to Pearl Harbor: The Coming of the War Between the United States and Japan'' (1950) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.119056 online] <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Van Alstyne|first=Richard W.|year=1951|title=Review of The Road to Pearl Harbor. The Coming of the War Between the United States and Japan|jstor=2048916|journal=The Far Eastern Quarterly|volume=11|issue=1|pages=107–109|doi=10.2307/2048916}}</ref>
-* ''The China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission'' (1953) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.121349 online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGR9BgAAQBAJ|title=China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1953|publisher=Princeton University Press|}}</ref>
+* ''The China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission'' (1953) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.121349 online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGR9BgAAQBAJ|title=China Tangle: The American Effort in China from Pearl Harbor to the Marshall Mission|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1953|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9781400868278}}</ref>
-* ''Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin: The War They Waged and the Peace They Sought'' (1957) [https://archive.org/details/churchillrooseve007330mbp online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/churchillrooseve007330mbp|title=Churchill Roosevelt Stalin|last=Herbert Feis|year=1957|publisher=Princeton University Press}}</ref>
+* ''[https://archive.org/details/churchillrooseve0000feis/mode/2up Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin: The War They Waged and the Peace They Sought]'' (1957) <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/churchillrooseve007330mbp|title=Churchill Roosevelt Stalin|last=Herbert Feis|year=1957|publisher=Princeton University Press}}</ref>
-* ''Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference'' (1960) (Pulitzer Prize) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.111436 online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ldVXAAAACAAJ|title=Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1960|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9780691056036|}}</ref>
+* ''Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference'' (1960) (Pulitzer Prize) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.111436 online]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ldVXAAAACAAJ|title=Between War and Peace: The Potsdam Conference|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1960|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9780691056036}}</ref>
-* ''Japan Subdued:The Atomic Bomb and the End of the War in the Pacific'' (1961)''
+* ''[https://archive.org/details/japansubduedatom0000feis Japan Subdued: The Atomic Bomb and the End of the War in the Pacific]'' (1961)''
-* ''The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.amazon.com/Atomic-World-Princeton-Legacy-Library/dp/0691056013|title=The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1966|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9780691056012|edition=2nd Revised|}}</ref>
+* ''The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1966|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=9780691056012|edition=2nd Revised}}</ref>
-* ''1933: Characters in Crisis'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1933charactersin0000unse|url-access=registration|title=1933: Characters in Crisis|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1966|publisher=Little, Brown|}}</ref>
+* ''1933: Characters in Crisis'' (1966)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1933charactersin0000unse|url-access=registration|title=1933: Characters in Crisis|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1966|publisher=Little, Brown}}</ref>
-* ''From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War, 1945–1950'' (1970)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/fromtrusttoterro00feis|url-access=registration|title=From trust to terror: the onset of the cold war, 1945-1950|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1970|publisher=Norton|}}</ref>
+* ''Contest over Japan'' (1967)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/contestoverjapan00feis/page/n7/mode/2up|title=Contest over Japan|year=1967|publisher=New York W. W. Norton}}</ref>
+* ''[https://archive.org/details/birthofisraeltou00feis/page/n5/mode/2up The Birth of Israel]'' (1969)
+* ''[https://archive.org/details/fromtrusttoterro00feis From Trust to Terror: The Onset of the Cold War, 1945–1950]'' (1970)<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/fromtrusttoterro00feis|url-access=registration|title=From trust to terror: the onset of the cold war, 1945-1950|last=Feis|first=Herbert|year=1970|publisher=Norton|isbn=9780393054255}}</ref>
-==See also==
-{{Portal bar |World War II }}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist |30em}}
-==Further reading==
+==Sources==
 * Crapol, Edward. "Some reflections on the historiography of the cold war." ''The History Teacher'' 20.2 (1987): 251-262. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/493031 online]
-* Doenecke, Justus. "Feis, Herbert" ''American National Biography'' [https://doi-org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0700652 online]
+* Doenecke, Justus. "Feis, Herbert" ''American National Biography'' [https://doi.org/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0700652 online]
 * Goldberg, Stanley. "Racing to the Finish: The Decision to Bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki." ''Journal of American-East Asian Relations'' (1995): 117-128. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/23612865 online]
 * Kort, Michael. "The Historiography of Hiroshima: The Rise and Fall of Revisionism." ''New England Journal of History'' 64.1 (2007): 31-48. [http://theamericanpresident.us/images/truman_bomb.pdf online]
@@ Line 55: / Line 53: @@
 ==External links==
-* {{Gutenberg author | id=Feis,+Herbert | name=Herbert Feis}}
+* {{Gutenberg author | id=32739| name=Herbert Feis}}
 * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Herbert Feis}}
 * {{LCAuth|n50003382|Herbert Feis|37|}}
@@ Line 61: / Line 59: @@
 {{PulitzerPrize HistoryAuthors 1951–1975}}
+{{Cold War}}
 {{Authority control}}
@@ Line 70: / Line 68: @@
 [[Category:American people of French-Jewish descent]]
 [[Category:20th-century American historians]]
+[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]
 [[Category:Jewish American historians]]
 [[Category:Cold War historians]]
 [[Category:Public historians]]
 [[Category:Pulitzer Prize for History winners]]
-[[Category:Writers from New York City]]
+[[Category:Writers from Manhattan]]
-[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
+[[Category:Harvard College alumni]]
 [[Category:Historians from New York (state)]]
+[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
+[[Category:20th-century American Jews]]

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States France BnF data Japan Czech Republic Netherlands Greece Poland Israel Catalonia Belgium
People	Trove
Other	IdRef SNAC