Ceropegia stapeliiformis: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of plant}} |
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{{wikify-date|July 2006}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
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{{linkless-date|July 2006}} |
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|image = Ceropegia subsp serpentinaCrisHighamsPhoto.jpg |
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{{Unsourced}} |
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{{Uncategorized}} |
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|genus = Ceropegia |
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|species = stapeliiformis |
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|authority = [[Adrian Hardy Haworth|Haw.]] |
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}} |
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'''''Ceropegia stapeliiformis''''' is a [[flowering plant]] in the genus ''[[Ceropegia]]'' ([[Apocynaceae]]), native to [[South Africa]] and [[Eswatini]]. Common names include '''serpent ceropegia''', '''snake creeper''', and '''slangkambro'''. |
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''Ceropegia stapeliiformis'' is a prostrate, creeping, trailing or climbing succulent creeper<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |title=Illustrated handbook of succulent plants. 5: Asclepiadaceae |date=2004 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-642-56370-6 |editor-last=Albers |editor-first=Focke |edition=1. ed., corr. 2. print. |location=Berlin Heidelberg}}</ref> with fibrous roots (which develop where the warty, trailing stems<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Gideon |title=Field Guide to Succulents of Southern Africa |publisher=Penguin Random House South Africa |year=2017 |isbn=9781775843689}}</ref> touch the ground) and has clear sap.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sims |first=John |title=Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Or, Flower-garden Displayed: In which the Most Ornamental Foreign Plants, Cultivated in the Open Ground, the Green-house, and the Stove, are Accurately Represented in Their Natural Colours...Volume 64 |publisher=original from Harvard University |year=1837}}</ref> The leaves are minute and rudimentary, soon falling off the stems. The [[flower]]s are 5–7 cm long and have a distinctive funnel or flask-shape,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ollerton |first=Jeff |last2=Masinde |first2=Siro |last3=Meve |first3=Ulrich |last4=Picker |first4=Mike |last5=Whittington |first5=Andrew |date=2009-06-15 |title=Fly pollination in Ceropegia (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): biogeographic and phylogenetic perspectives |url= |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=103 |issue=9 |pages=1501–1514 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcp072|doi-access=free |pmc=2701756 }}</ref> which create a pitfall in which pollinators may be temporarily trapped.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Auttama |first=Phakpoom |last2=Kidyoo |first2=Aroonrat |last3=McKey |first3=Doyle |date=September 2018 |title=Flowering phenology and trap pollination of the rare endemic plant Ceropegia thaithongiae in montane forest of northern Thailand |url= |journal=Botany |volume=96 |issue=9 |pages=601–620 |doi=10.1139/cjb-2018-0045}}</ref> The stapeliiformis has a greenish white colour that is spotted or streaked with maroon.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Keen |first=Bill |title=CACTI AND SUCCULENTS: Step-by-Step to Growing Success |publisher=Crowood |year=2011 |isbn=9781847973504}}</ref> The petals surrounding the mouth are free-spreading, reflexed and fringed with hairs. The fruit a follicle with tubercles. This species is usually found rooted in leaf mould under the protection of shrubs. |
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This species of ''Ceropegia'' is known as the Serpent Ceropegia, Snake creeper or 'Slangkambro'. They are prostate, creeping, trailing or climbing succulent creepers with fibrous roots (which develop where the stems touch the ground) and have clear sap. The leaves are minute and rudimentary, soon falling off the stems. The flowers are 50-70 mm long and have a distinctive funnel-shape with a greenish white colour that is spotted or streaked with maroon. The petals surrounding the mouth are free-spreading, reflexed and fringed with hairs. The fruit a follicle with tubercles.The species has two described subspecies: ''Ceropegia stapeliiformis'' Haw. subsp. ''stapeliiformis'' (E.A. Bruce) R.A. Dyer and ''Ceropegia stapeliiformis'' Haw. subsp. ''serpentina'' (E.A. Bruce) R.A. Dyer. |
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Two [[subspecies]] have been described: |
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The subspecies ''stapeliiformis'' is known from areas of karroid scrub in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, with a distribution from Uitenhage and Willomore to Graaff Reinet and Kingwilliamstown. This subspecies is known to flower from October to March. |
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*''Ceropegia stapeliiformis'' subsp. ''stapeliiformis'' |
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*''Ceropegia stapeliiformis'' subsp. ''serpentina'' (E.A.Bruce) R.A.Dyer |
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The subspecies '' |
The subspecies ''stapeliiformis'' is known from areas of karroid scrub in the [[Eastern Cape]] province of South Africa,<ref name=":1" /> with a distribution from [[Uitenhage]] and [[Willowmore]] to [[Graaff Reinet]] and [[King William's Town]].<ref name=":0" /> This subspecies is known to flower from October to March. |
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The subspecies ''serpentina'', which was initially described as ''Ceropegia serpentina'' by E. A. Bruce, has a distribution which ranges from Northern [[KwaZulu-Natal]] and Eswatini to [[Gauteng]], [[Mpumalanga]] and [[Limpopo]] provinces of South Africa, where it occurs in scrub bush. The flowering time from December to March. |
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<gallery> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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*{{GRIN | ''Ceropegia serpentina'' | 9982}} (treats as a distinct species) |
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* Dyer, R.A. 1983. ''Ceropegia, Brachystelma and Riocreuxia in Southern Africa''. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. |
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* [[Herbert Huber (botanist)|Herbert F. J. Huber]]: Revision of the genus Ceropegia. In: Memórias da Sociedade Broteriana, Volume 12, 1957, S.1-203, Coimbra |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q1055533}} |
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Latest revision as of 07:02, 16 April 2024
| Ceropegia stapeliiformis | |
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| Ceropegia stapeliiformis subsp. serpentina in the wild, Ingwavuma, South Africa | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | Ceropegia |
| Species: | C. stapeliiformis
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| Binomial name | |
| Ceropegia stapeliiformis | |
Ceropegia stapeliiformis is a flowering plant in the genus Ceropegia (Apocynaceae), native to South Africa and Eswatini. Common names include serpent ceropegia, snake creeper, and slangkambro.
Ceropegia stapeliiformis is a prostrate, creeping, trailing or climbing succulent creeper[1] with fibrous roots (which develop where the warty, trailing stems[2] touch the ground) and has clear sap.[3] The leaves are minute and rudimentary, soon falling off the stems. The flowers are 5–7 cm long and have a distinctive funnel or flask-shape,[4] which create a pitfall in which pollinators may be temporarily trapped.[5] The stapeliiformis has a greenish white colour that is spotted or streaked with maroon.[6] The petals surrounding the mouth are free-spreading, reflexed and fringed with hairs. The fruit a follicle with tubercles. This species is usually found rooted in leaf mould under the protection of shrubs.
Two subspecies have been described:
- Ceropegia stapeliiformis subsp. stapeliiformis
- Ceropegia stapeliiformis subsp. serpentina (E.A.Bruce) R.A.Dyer
The subspecies stapeliiformis is known from areas of karroid scrub in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa,[1] with a distribution from Uitenhage and Willowmore to Graaff Reinet and King William's Town.[2] This subspecies is known to flower from October to March.
The subspecies serpentina, which was initially described as Ceropegia serpentina by E. A. Bruce, has a distribution which ranges from Northern KwaZulu-Natal and Eswatini to Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces of South Africa, where it occurs in scrub bush. The flowering time from December to March.
The names have the derivations stapeliiformis = resembling Stapelia (Latin), and serpentina = serpentine (Latin).
References
[edit]- ^ a b Albers, Focke, ed. (2004). Illustrated handbook of succulent plants. 5: Asclepiadaceae (1. ed., corr. 2. print. ed.). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-56370-6.
- ^ a b Smith, Gideon (2017). Field Guide to Succulents of Southern Africa. Penguin Random House South Africa. ISBN 9781775843689.
- ^ Sims, John (1837). Curtis's Botanical Magazine, Or, Flower-garden Displayed: In which the Most Ornamental Foreign Plants, Cultivated in the Open Ground, the Green-house, and the Stove, are Accurately Represented in Their Natural Colours...Volume 64. original from Harvard University.
- ^ Ollerton, Jeff; Masinde, Siro; Meve, Ulrich; Picker, Mike; Whittington, Andrew (2009-06-15). "Fly pollination in Ceropegia (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): biogeographic and phylogenetic perspectives". Annals of Botany. 103 (9): 1501–1514. doi:10.1093/aob/mcp072. PMC 2701756.
- ^ Auttama, Phakpoom; Kidyoo, Aroonrat; McKey, Doyle (September 2018). "Flowering phenology and trap pollination of the rare endemic plant Ceropegia thaithongiae in montane forest of northern Thailand". Botany. 96 (9): 601–620. doi:10.1139/cjb-2018-0045.
- ^ Keen, Bill (2011). CACTI AND SUCCULENTS: Step-by-Step to Growing Success. Crowood. ISBN 9781847973504.
- "Ceropegia serpentina". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. (treats as a distinct species)
- Dyer, R.A. 1983. Ceropegia, Brachystelma and Riocreuxia in Southern Africa. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
- Herbert F. J. Huber: Revision of the genus Ceropegia. In: Memórias da Sociedade Broteriana, Volume 12, 1957, S.1-203, Coimbra