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{{Short description|Wedge-shaped space located lateral to the anal canal and inferior to the pelvic diaphragm}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox anatomy |
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| Name = Ischioanal fossa |
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| Name = Ischioanal fossa |
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| Latin = fossa ischioanalis |
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| GraySubject = 120 |
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| Greek = |
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| Image |
| Image = Gray405.png |
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| Caption |
| Caption = The [[perineum]]. The integument and superficial layer of [[superficial fascia]] reflected. (Ischiorectal fossa labeled at bottom left.) |
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| Width = |
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| Image2 = Gray1077.png |
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| Caption2 |
| Caption2 = The posterior aspect of the rectum exposed by removing the lower part of the sacrum and the coccyx (ischiorectal fossa labeled at bottom right) |
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| Precursor = |
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The '''ischioanal fossa''' (formerly called '''ischiorectal fossa''') is the fat-filled space located lateral to the anal canal and inferior to the pelvic diaphragm. |
The '''ischioanal fossa''' (formerly called '''ischiorectal fossa''') is the fat-filled wedge-shaped space located lateral to the anal canal and inferior to the [[pelvic diaphragm]]. It is somewhat prismatic in shape, with its base directed to the surface of the [[perineum]] and its apex at the line of meeting of the [[obturator canal|obturator]] and [[anal fascia]]e. |
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==Boundaries== |
==Boundaries== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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| || ANTERIOR< |
| || ANTERIOR<br />* [[fascia of Colles]] covering the [[transversus perinei superficialis]]<br />* [[inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm|inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (perineal membrane)]] || |
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| LATERAL< |
| LATERAL<br />* [[tuberosity of the ischium]]<br />* [[Obturator internus muscle]] <br />* [[obturator fascia]] || SUPERIOR:<br />* [[Levator ani]] |
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INFERIOR:< |
INFERIOR:<br />* [[Human skin|skin]] |
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| MEDIAL:< |
| MEDIAL:<br />* [[Levator ani]]<br />* [[Sphincter ani externus muscle]]<br />* [[anal fascia]] |
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| || POSTERIOR< |
| || POSTERIOR<br />* [[Gluteus maximus]]<br />* [[sacrotuberous ligament]] || |
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** [[inferior rectal veins]] |
** [[inferior rectal veins]] |
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** [[inferior anal nerves]] |
** [[inferior anal nerves]] |
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** fatty tissue across which numerous fibrous bands extend from side to side |
** fatty tissue across which numerous fibrous bands extend from side to side allows distension of the anal canal during defecation |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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<references/> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Additional images== |
==Additional images== |
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* [http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/92.jpg Diagram] at [[Emory University]] |
* [http://www.emory.edu/ANATOMY/AnatomyManual/92.jpg Diagram] at [[Emory University]] |
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{{Portal bar|Anatomy}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Perineum]] |
[[Category:Perineum]] |
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{{anatomy-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 21:06, 17 April 2024
| Ischioanal fossa | |
|---|---|
 The perineum. The integument and superficial layer of superficial fascia reflected. (Ischiorectal fossa labeled at bottom left.) | |
 The posterior aspect of the rectum exposed by removing the lower part of the sacrum and the coccyx (ischiorectal fossa labeled at bottom right) | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | fossa ischioanalis |
| TA98 | A09.5.04.001 |
| TA2 | 2446 |
| FMA | 22059 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The ischioanal fossa (formerly called ischiorectal fossa) is the fat-filled wedge-shaped space located lateral to the anal canal and inferior to the pelvic diaphragm. It is somewhat prismatic in shape, with its base directed to the surface of the perineum and its apex at the line of meeting of the obturator and anal fasciae.
Boundaries
[edit]It has the following boundaries:[1]
| ANTERIOR * fascia of Colles covering the transversus perinei superficialis * inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm (perineal membrane) |
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| LATERAL * tuberosity of the ischium * Obturator internus muscle * obturator fascia |
SUPERIOR: * Levator ani INFERIOR: |
MEDIAL: * Levator ani * Sphincter ani externus muscle * anal fascia |
| POSTERIOR * Gluteus maximus * sacrotuberous ligament |
Contents
[edit]The contents include:
- Inside Alcock's canal, on the lateral wall
- Outside Alcock's canal, crossing the space transversely
- inferior rectal artery
- inferior rectal veins
- inferior anal nerves
- fatty tissue across which numerous fibrous bands extend from side to side allows distension of the anal canal during defecation
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 425 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ analtrianglesection - Ischiorectal fossa is colored yellow
Additional images
[edit]-
Coronal section of anterior part of pelvis, through the pubic arch. Seen from in front. -
The superficial branches of the internal pudendal artery.
External links
[edit]- Anatomy image: apmalefrontal4-8 at the College of Medicine at SUNY Upstate Medical University
- Anatomy photo:41:04-0103 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The Female Perineum: The Ischioanal Fossa"
- Anatomy image:9246 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
- Cross section image: pelvis/pelvis-e12-15—Plastination Laboratory at the Medical University of Vienna
- perineum at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (analtriangle2, femaleugtrianglesectionfascia)
- Diagram at Emory University
