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{{Short description|Genus of orchids}}
{{taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
⚫
|name = ''Caularthron''
|image = Caularthron bicornutum - infl 2.jpg
| image = Caularthron bicornutum - infl 2.jpg
|image_caption = ''Caularthron bicornutum ''
| image_caption = ''Caularthron bicornutum ''
| display_parents = 3
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
⚫
| taxon = Caularthron
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
| authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Raf.]] (1837)
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="WCSP"/>
|ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| synonyms = ''Diacrium'' Benth.
|familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
⚫
}}
|subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
|tribus = [[Epidendreae]]
|subtribus = [[Laeliinae]]
|alliance = Barkeria
|genus = '''''Caularthron'''''
⚫
|genus_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz|Raf.]] (1837)
⚫
|}}


'''''Caularthron''''', abbreviated '''Clrthr''' in horticultural trade, is a [[genus]] of [[orchid]]s with 4 [[species]]. They are [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] orchids with specialized hollow [[pseudobulb]]s that house [[ant]]s. The genus is exclusively found in [[Amazonia]].
'''''Caularthron''''' <small>[[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Raf.]] (1837)</small>, abbreviated '''Cau.'''<ref>http://www.rhs.org.uk/RHSWebsite/files/87/87be8b1e-908e-4e04-9ee6-30c438354458.pdf{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} downloaded October 3, 2010</ref> in the horticultural trade, is a [[genus]] of [[orchid]]s with 4 [[species]].<ref>Information retrieved from http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do on October 3, 2010, after entering "Caularthron".</ref> They are [[epiphyte|epiphytic]] orchids with specialized hollow [[pseudobulb]]s that house [[ant]]s. The genus is exclusively found in the tropical regions of southern [[Mexico]], [[Central America]], the [[West Indies]], and northern [[South America]].<ref name="WCSP">[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=36217 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>


== List of species ==
'''''Diacrium''''' <small>([[John Lindley|Lindl.]]) [[George Bentham|Benth.]]</small> has been brought into [[synonymy]] with ''Caularthron''.
Species accepted as of May 2014:<ref name="WCSP"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Image !! Name !! Distribution !! Elevation (m)
|-
⚫
| || ''[[Caularthron amazonicum]]'' <small> (Schltr.) H.G.Jones (1968)</small> ||Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil ||
|-
|[[File:Caularthron bicornutum - fl.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Caularthron bicornutum]]'' <small> (Hook.) Raf. (1837)</small> 2''n''&nbsp;=&nbsp;40, ''n''&nbsp;=&nbsp;20.<ref>page 251 of Leonardo P. Felix and Marcelo Guerra: "Variation in chromosome number and the basic number of subfamily Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae)" ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' '''163'''(2010)234-278. The Linnean Society of London. downloaded October 2010 from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2010.01059.x/pdf</ref>||Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, Colombia ||
|-
|[[File:Bilamellatum.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Caularthron bilamellatum]]'' <small> (Rchb.f.) R.E.Schult. (1958)</small> ||Belize, Central America, northern South America (Roraima, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador), Trinidad, Chiapas || 0 - 700
|-
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| || ''[[Caularthron kraenzlinianum]]'' <small> H.G.Jones (1980)</small>||Windward Islands ||
|-
|}


==List of species==
==References==
{{Commons}}
⚫
* ''[[Caularthron amazonicum]]'' <small> (Schltr.) H.G.Jones (1968)</small>
* ''[[Caularthron bicornutum]]'' <small> (Hook.) Raf. (1837)</small>
* ''[[Caularthron bilamellatum]]'' <small> (Rchb.f.) R.E.Schult. (1958)</small>
⚫
* ''[[Caularthron kraenzlinianum]]'' <small> H.G.Jones (1980</small>

{{commons|Caularthron|''Caularthron''}}
{{Wikispecies|Caularthron|''Caularthron''}}
{{Wikispecies|Caularthron|''Caularthron''}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q311010}}
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[[Category:Orchid genera]]
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[[Category:Epiphytes]]
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[[Category:Epidendroideae]]
[[Category:Articles lacking sources (Erik9bot)]]


[[Category:Orchids of Central America]]
[[de:Caularthron]]
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[[Category:Orchids of Belize]]
[[es:Caularthron]]
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[[Category:Laeliinae genera]]
[[pt:Caularthron]]
[[Category:Epiphytic orchids]]
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[[Category:Laeliinae]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque]]

Latest revision as of 22:45, 20 April 2024

Caularthron
Caularthron bicornutum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Epidendreae
Subtribe: Laeliinae
Genus: Caularthron
Raf. (1837)
Synonyms[1]

Diacrium Benth.

Caularthron Raf. (1837), abbreviated Cau.[2] in the horticultural trade, is a genus of orchids with 4 species.[3] They are epiphytic orchids with specialized hollow pseudobulbs that house ants. The genus is exclusively found in the tropical regions of southern Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America.[1]

List of species

[edit]

Species accepted as of May 2014:[1]

Image Name Distribution Elevation (m)
Caularthron amazonicum (Schltr.) H.G.Jones (1968) Trinidad, Venezuela, Brazil
Caularthron bicornutum (Hook.) Raf. (1837) 2n = 40, n = 20.[4] Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, Colombia
Caularthron bilamellatum (Rchb.f.) R.E.Schult. (1958) Belize, Central America, northern South America (Roraima, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador), Trinidad, Chiapas 0 - 700
Caularthron kraenzlinianum H.G.Jones (1980) Windward Islands

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caularthron.
Wikispecies has information related to Caularthron.
  1. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ http://www.rhs.org.uk/RHSWebsite/files/87/87be8b1e-908e-4e04-9ee6-30c438354458.pdf[permanent dead link‍] downloaded October 3, 2010
  3. ^ Information retrieved from http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/qsearch.do on October 3, 2010, after entering "Caularthron".
  4. ^ page 251 of Leonardo P. Felix and Marcelo Guerra: "Variation in chromosome number and the basic number of subfamily Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae)" Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 163(2010)234-278. The Linnean Society of London. downloaded October 2010 from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2010.01059.x/pdf
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