Meaconing: Difference between revisions
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'''Meaconing''' is the [[interception]] and rebroadcast of [[navigation]] signals. These signals are rebroadcast on the received frequency, typically |
'''Meaconing''' is the [[interception]] and rebroadcast of [[navigation]] signals. These signals are rebroadcast on the received frequency, typically with power higher than the original signal, to confuse enemy navigation. Consequently, aircraft or ground stations are given inaccurate bearings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/data/m/03301.html |title=U.S. Military definition of Meaconing |access-date=2008-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529174246/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/data/m/03301.html |archive-date=2010-05-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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Meaconing is more of a concern to personnel in navigation ratings than to radio operators. However, communications [[transmitters]] are often used to transmit navigation signals. Since communications personnel operate the transmitters, they must know how to deal with any communications problems resulting from meaconing. |
Meaconing is more of a concern to personnel in navigation ratings than to radio operators. However, communications [[transmitters]] are often used to transmit navigation signals. Since communications personnel operate the transmitters, they must know how to deal with any communications problems resulting from meaconing. |
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Successful meaconing can cause aircraft to be lured into "hot" (ambush-ready) landing zones or enemy airspace, ships to be diverted from their intended routes, bombers to expend ordnance on false targets, or ground stations to receive inaccurate bearings or position locations. |
Successful meaconing can cause aircraft to be lured into "hot" (ambush-ready) landing zones or enemy airspace, ships to be diverted from their intended routes, bombers to expend ordnance on false targets, or ground stations to receive inaccurate bearings or position locations. |
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The term 'meacon' is a [[ |
The term 'meacon' is a [[portmanteau]] of ''masking beacon''. |
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==Demonstration== |
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A team lead by Todd Humphreys of the University of Texas at Austin Radionavigation Laboratory has demonstrated the possibility of driving ships and UAVs off course by GPS spoofing.<ref>[http://www.utexas.edu/news/2013/07/29/ut-austin-researchers-successfully-spoof-an-80-million-yacht-at-sea/ "UT Austin Researchers Successfully Spoof an $80 million Yacht at Sea"] </ref> Although the researchers are working on ways to detect this interference, the [[spoofing attack]] may pass undetected by GPS receivers that are only designed to detect [[radio jamming]]. |
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==Alleged cases of meaconing== |
==Alleged cases of meaconing== |
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[[Iran]] says it used this technique (among others) to capture a [[USAF]] [[RQ-170 Sentinel]] drone, causing it to crash land. Meaconing in this case could provide a drone with false altitude measurements, causing a crash landing. {{citation needed|date=July 2012}} |
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Meaconing is among alternate theories for some aircraft crashes, such as [[Korean Air Lines Flight 007 alternate theories#Meaconing|Korean Air Lines Flight 007]] and the [[2010 Polish Air Force Tu-154 crash]].<ref>[http://debata.olsztyn.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1084:qto-by-zamachq-mowi-eksperci-gazecie-polskiej&catid=38:polska&Itemid=109]</ref> |
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==Acronym== |
==Acronym== |
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==In popular culture== |
==In popular culture== |
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In the film ''[[Tomorrow Never Dies]]'', |
In the film ''[[Tomorrow Never Dies]]'', a military [[GPS signal]] is meaconed to send a [[Royal Navy]] [[Type 23 Frigate|frigate]] off course. |
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In the novel and miniseries of the [[John J. Nance]] novel ''[[Pandora's Clock]]'', an attempt to warn the airliner about an impending attack is summarily dismissed as meaconing. |
In the novel and miniseries of the [[John J. Nance]] novel ''[[Pandora's Clock]]'', an attempt to warn the airliner about an impending attack is summarily dismissed as an attempt at meaconing. |
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The villain of ''[[Die Hard 2]]'' changes the [[Dulles Airport]]'s [[Air traffic control|ATC]] beacon altitude to below ground level, causing planes' altimeters to provide false readings, thus causing landing planes to crash. |
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In the video game ''[[Black (video game)]]'', the player can destroy "evidence of cell phone meaconing" in the third level of the game. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
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[[Category:Electronic countermeasures]] |
[[Category:Electronic countermeasures]] |
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Latest revision as of 03:02, 23 April 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2012) |
Meaconing is the interception and rebroadcast of navigation signals. These signals are rebroadcast on the received frequency, typically with power higher than the original signal, to confuse enemy navigation. Consequently, aircraft or ground stations are given inaccurate bearings.[1]
Meaconing is more of a concern to personnel in navigation ratings than to radio operators. However, communications transmitters are often used to transmit navigation signals. Since communications personnel operate the transmitters, they must know how to deal with any communications problems resulting from meaconing.
Successful meaconing can cause aircraft to be lured into "hot" (ambush-ready) landing zones or enemy airspace, ships to be diverted from their intended routes, bombers to expend ordnance on false targets, or ground stations to receive inaccurate bearings or position locations.
The term 'meacon' is a portmanteau of masking beacon.
Alleged cases of meaconing
[edit]Iran says it used this technique (among others) to capture a USAF RQ-170 Sentinel drone, causing it to crash land. Meaconing in this case could provide a drone with false altitude measurements, causing a crash landing. [citation needed]
Acronym
[edit]- MIJI (Meaconing, Intrusion, Jamming, and Interference)
In popular culture
[edit]In the film Tomorrow Never Dies, a military GPS signal is meaconed to send a Royal Navy frigate off course.
In the novel and miniseries of the John J. Nance novel Pandora's Clock, an attempt to warn the airliner about an impending attack is summarily dismissed as an attempt at meaconing.
The villain of Die Hard 2 changes the Dulles Airport's ATC beacon altitude to below ground level, causing planes' altimeters to provide false readings, thus causing landing planes to crash.
In the video game Black (video game), the player can destroy "evidence of cell phone meaconing" in the third level of the game.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "U.S. Military definition of Meaconing". Archived from the original on 2010-05-29. Retrieved 2008-12-18.
