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{{Short description|Short version of tai chi}}
[[Image:Associació Catalana de Choy Li Fut, Tai Chi Chuan i Chi Kung.jpg|right|thumb|The 24 Form can be seen performed en masse perhaps more than any other Tai Chi form.]]
'''The 24-posture Simplified Form''' of [[tai chi]], ({{zh|s=太极拳|p=Tàijíquán}}) sometimes called the '''[[Beijing]] or Peking form''' for its place of origin, is a short version of tai chi composed of twenty-four unique movements.


==History==
'''The 24 posture Simplified Form''' of [[Tai Chi Chuan]], sometimes called the "[[Beijing]] form" for its place of origin, is the result of an effort by the Chinese Sports Committee which, in 1956, brought together four tai chi teachers to create a simplified form of tai chi as exercise for the masses. The creators truncated the [[Yang style Tai Chi Chuan|Yang style]] hand form to 24 postures; taking between four and eight minutes to perform and to give the beginner an introduction to the essential elements of tai chi chuan, yet retain the traditional flavor of Yang style's longer hand forms (generally 88-108 postures).<ref>[http://www.everyday-taichi.com/tai-chi-form-beijing-24.html#history EverydayTaiChi.com]</ref> Henceforth this form was avidly promoted by the [[People's Republic of China]] for general exercise, and was also taught to internees in Communist "re-education" camps. Due to this official promotion, the twenty-four form is most likely the tai chi form with the most practitioners in China and the world over (though no surveys have been performed).
The form was the result of an effort by the Chinese Sports Committee, which, in 1956, brought together four tai chi teachers—[[Chu Guiting]], [[Cai Longyun]], [[Fu Zhongwen]], and [[Zhang Yu (teacher)|Zhang Yu]]—to create a simplified form of tai chi as exercise for the masses. Some sources suggests that the form was structured in 1956 by master Li Tianji (李天骥).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deyin-taiji.com/info/?page_alias=24-step-yang-style-taijiquan|title=Tai Chi in the UK & Europe with the Deyin Taijiquan Institute (UK)|website=www.deyin-taiji.com|access-date=2019-12-28}}</ref> <ref>{{Citation|title=Master Niu talks about his teacher Li Tianji 李天骥(English Subtitles)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZLDYwqf-A0| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213005553/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FZLDYwqf-A0| archive-date=2013-12-13 | url-status=dead|language=en|access-date=2019-12-28}}</ref> The creators truncated the traditional family style tai chi forms to 24 postures; taking about six minutes to perform and to give the beginner an introduction to the essential elements of tai chi, yet retain the traditional flavor of traditional longer hand forms (in general, 88-108 postures). Henceforth, this form was avidly promoted by the [[People's Republic of China]] for general exercise, and was also taught to internees in Communist "re-education" camps. Due to this official promotion, the 24-form is most likely the tai chi form with the most practitioners in China and the world over (though no surveys have been performed).


==Movements==
The following is a listing that exposes the individual postures within the standard posture list of the form, and includes [[Pinyin]] and [[Simplified Chinese]] names.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
⚫
|
|<blockquote>
# Commencing (Qishi), Preparation, Beginning
# Commencing (Qǐshì, {{lang|zh|起势}}), Preparation, Beginning
# Part the Wild Horse's Mane (Yema Fenzong)
# Part the Wild Horse's Mane (Zuǒyòu Yěmǎ Fēnzōng, {{lang|zh|左右野马分鬃}}), LEFT and RIGHT
# White Crane Spreads Its Wings (Baihe Liangchi), Stork/Crane Cools Its Wings
# White Crane Spreads Its Wings (Báihè Lìangchì, {{lang|zh|白鹤亮翅}}), Stork/Crane Reveals Its Wings
# Brush Knee and Step Forward (Louxi Aobu), Brush Knee and Twist Step
# Brush Knee and Step Forward (Zuǒyòu Lōuxī Àobù, {{lang|zh|左右搂膝拗步}}), Brush Knee and Twist Step, LEFT and RIGHT
# Playing the Lute (Shouhui Pipa), Strum the Lute, Play Guitar
# Playing the Lute (Shǒuhūi Pípā, {{lang|zh|手挥琵琶}}), Strum the Lute, Play Guitar
# Reverse Reeling Forearm (Daojuan Gong), Step Back and Drive Monkey Away
# Reverse Reeling Forearm (Zuǒyòu Dào juǎn gōng, {{lang|zh|左右倒卷肱}}), Step Back and Repulse Monkey (Dǎo niǎn hóu {{lang|zh|倒攆猴}}), LEFT and RIGHT
# Left Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Zuo Lan Quewei), Grasp the Bird's Tail
# Left Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Zuǒ Lǎn Què Wěi, {{lang|zh|左揽雀尾}}), Grasp the Bird's Tail
## Ward Off (Peng)
## Ward Off (Bīng, {{lang|zh|掤}})
## Rollback (Lu)
## Rollback (Lǚ, {{lang|zh|捋}})
## Press (Ji)
## Press (Jǐ, {{lang|zh|擠}})
## Push (An)
## Push (Àn, {{lang|zh|按}})
# Right Grasp Sparrow's Tail (You Lan Quewei)
# Right Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Yòu Lǎn què wěi, {{lang|zh|右揽雀尾}})
# [[Single Whip]] (Dān biān, {{lang|zh|单鞭}})
# [[Single Whip]] (Danbian)
# Wave Hands Like Clouds (Yunshou), Cloud Hands, Cloud Built Hands, Wave Hands in Clouds
# Wave Hands Like Clouds (Yúnshǒu, {{lang|zh|云手}}), Cloud Hands, Cloud Built Hands, Wave Hands in Clouds
# [[Single Whip]] (Dān biān, {{lang|zh|单鞭}})
# [[Single Whip]] (Danbian)
# High Pat on Horse (Gao Tan Ma), Step Up to Examine Horse
# High Pat on Horse (Gāo tàn mǎ, {{lang|zh|高探马}}), Step Up to Examine Horse
# Right Heel Kick (You Dengjiao), Separate Right Foot, Kick with Right Foot
# Right Heel Kick (Yòu dēng jiǎo, {{lang|zh|右蹬脚}}), Separate Right Foot, Kick with Right Foot
# Strike to Ears with Both Fists (Shuangfeng Guaner)
# Strike to Ears with Both Fists (Shuāng fēng guàn ěr, {{lang|zh|双峰贯耳}})
# Turn Body and Left Heel Kick (Zhuanshen Zuo Dengjiao)
# Turn Body and Left Heel Kick (Zhuǎnshēn zuǒ dēngjiǎo, {{lang|zh|转身左蹬脚}})
# Left Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Zuo Xiashi Duli)
# Left Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Zuǒ Xià shì dúlì, {{lang|zh|左下势独立}})
## Single Whip Squatting Down, Snake Creeps Down,
## Single Whip Squatting Down, Snake Creeps Down,
## Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg, Golden Bird Standing Alone
## Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg, Golden Bird Standing Alone
# Right Lower Body and Bird Stand on One Leg (You Xiashi Duli)
# Right Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Yòu Xià shì dúlì, {{lang|zh|右下势独立}})
# Shuttle Back and Forth (Yunu Chuansuo), Fair Lady Works with Shuttles, (Walking Wood), Four Corners
# Shuttle Back and Forth (Yòuzuǒ yùnǚ chuānsuō, {{lang|zh|右左玉女穿梭}}), Fair Lady Works with Shuttles, (Walking Wood), Four Corners, RIGHT and LEFT
# Needle at Sea Bottom (Haidi Zhen)
# Needle at Sea Bottom (Hǎidǐ zhēn, {{lang|zh|海底针}})
# Fan Through Back (Shan Tong Bei), Fan Penetrates Back
# Fan Through Back (Shǎn tōng bì, {{lang|zh|闪通臂}}), Fan Penetrates Back
# Turn Body, Deflect, Parry, and Punch (Zhuanshen Banlanchui)
# Turn Body, Deflect, Parry, and Punch (Zhuǎnshēn Bānlánchuí, {{lang|zh|转身搬拦捶}})
# Appears Closed (Rufeng Sibi), Withdraw and Push, as if Closing a Door
# Apparent Close (Rúfēng shìbì, {{lang|zh|如封似闭}}), Withdraw and Push, as if Closing a Door
# Cross Hands (Shizishou)
# Cross Hands (Shízìshǒu, {{lang|zh|十字手}})
# Closing (Shoushi)
# Closing (Shōushì, {{lang|zh|收势}})
|}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.taichi-horwood.com/tai-chi-news/further-reading/peking-short-form/|title=The Peking Form|last=|first=|date=|website=taichi-horwood.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150506080049/http://www.taichi-horwood.com/tai-chi-news/further-reading/peking-short-form/|archive-date=May 6, 2015|access-date=December 28, 2019}}</ref>
</blockquote>

⚫
|}
== See also ==
⚫
* [[Wushu (sport)]]
* [[42-form tai chi]]
* [[Taijijian]]


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references />


==See also==
==Further reading==
*{{cite book |title=Tai Chi Chuan: The Philosophy of Yin and Yang and Its Application |last=Lee |first=Douglas |year=1976 |publisher=Black Belt Communications |isbn=0-89750-044-X }}
⚫
* [[Wushu (sport)]]
*{{cite book |title=Total Tai Chi: A Step-by-step Guide to Tai Chi at Home for Everybody |last=Robinson |first=Ronnie |year=2006 |publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. |isbn= 1-84483-262-7}}
*{{cite book |title=Tai Chi Chuan: 24 And 48 Postures With Martial Applications |url=https://archive.org/details/taichichuan2448p0000lian |url-access=registration |last=Liang |first=Shou-Yu |author2=Wen-Ching Wu |year=1996 |publisher=YMAA Publication Center |isbn=1-886969-33-7 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Complete Book of Tai Chi Chuan |last=Kiew Kit |first=Wong |year=2002 |publisher=Tuttle Publishing |isbn=0-8048-3440-7 }}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.egreenway.com/taichichuan/short.htm Simplified 24 Form T'ai Chi Ch'uan (Yang Style)]: Bibliography, Links, Quotes, Notes, List.
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5LsyuDmI8YI Simplified Tai Chi 24 form (YMAA tai chi) Yang style by Liang, Shou-Yu ] displays names of each form as the movements are demonstrated.
*[http://qialance.com/tai-chi-24-form-moves-chinese-pinyin-english/ Tai Chi 24 form moves in Chinese, Pinyin, English and 4 other languages ] the movements' names in Chinese, Pinyin, English, German, French, Italian, and Spanish.
* [http://www.junanshin.com/class/tai_chi/yang_short_form_2.htm Yang Modified 24 Postures Short Form] Line drawings for each of the postures in the 24 form
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYQdXsp9t1o Dr. Paul Lam performing the 24 form]


[[Category:T'ai Chi Ch'uan]]
[[Category:Chinese martial arts]]
[[Category:Tai chi styles]]
[[Category:Neijia]]

Latest revision as of 21:13, 23 April 2024

The 24-posture Simplified Form of tai chi, (Chinese: 太极拳; pinyin: Tàijíquán) sometimes called the Beijing or Peking form for its place of origin, is a short version of tai chi composed of twenty-four unique movements.

History

[edit]

The form was the result of an effort by the Chinese Sports Committee, which, in 1956, brought together four tai chi teachers—Chu Guiting, Cai Longyun, Fu Zhongwen, and Zhang Yu—to create a simplified form of tai chi as exercise for the masses. Some sources suggests that the form was structured in 1956 by master Li Tianji (李天骥).[1] [2] The creators truncated the traditional family style tai chi forms to 24 postures; taking about six minutes to perform and to give the beginner an introduction to the essential elements of tai chi, yet retain the traditional flavor of traditional longer hand forms (in general, 88-108 postures). Henceforth, this form was avidly promoted by the People's Republic of China for general exercise, and was also taught to internees in Communist "re-education" camps. Due to this official promotion, the 24-form is most likely the tai chi form with the most practitioners in China and the world over (though no surveys have been performed).

Movements

[edit]
  1. Commencing (Qǐshì, 起势), Preparation, Beginning
  2. Part the Wild Horse's Mane (Zuǒyòu Yěmǎ Fēnzōng, 左右野马分鬃), LEFT and RIGHT
  3. White Crane Spreads Its Wings (Báihè Lìangchì, 白鹤亮翅), Stork/Crane Reveals Its Wings
  4. Brush Knee and Step Forward (Zuǒyòu Lōuxī Àobù, 左右搂膝拗步), Brush Knee and Twist Step, LEFT and RIGHT
  5. Playing the Lute (Shǒuhūi Pípā, 手挥琵琶), Strum the Lute, Play Guitar
  6. Reverse Reeling Forearm (Zuǒyòu Dào juǎn gōng, 左右倒卷肱), Step Back and Repulse Monkey (Dǎo niǎn hóu 倒攆猴), LEFT and RIGHT
  7. Left Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Zuǒ Lǎn Què Wěi, 左揽雀尾), Grasp the Bird's Tail
    1. Ward Off (Bīng, 掤)
    2. Rollback (Lǚ, 捋)
    3. Press (Jǐ, 擠)
    4. Push (Àn, 按)
  8. Right Grasp Sparrow's Tail (Yòu Lǎn què wěi, 右揽雀尾)
  9. Single Whip (Dān biān, 单鞭)
  10. Wave Hands Like Clouds (Yúnshǒu, 云手), Cloud Hands, Cloud Built Hands, Wave Hands in Clouds
  11. Single Whip (Dān biān, 单鞭)
  12. High Pat on Horse (Gāo tàn mǎ, 高探马), Step Up to Examine Horse
  13. Right Heel Kick (Yòu dēng jiǎo, 右蹬脚), Separate Right Foot, Kick with Right Foot
  14. Strike to Ears with Both Fists (Shuāng fēng guàn ěr, 双峰贯耳)
  15. Turn Body and Left Heel Kick (Zhuǎnshēn zuǒ dēngjiǎo, 转身左蹬脚)
  16. Left Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Zuǒ Xià shì dúlì, 左下势独立)
    1. Single Whip Squatting Down, Snake Creeps Down,
    2. Golden Rooster Stands on One Leg, Golden Bird Standing Alone
  17. Right Lower Body and Stand on One Leg (Yòu Xià shì dúlì, 右下势独立)
  18. Shuttle Back and Forth (Yòuzuǒ yùnǚ chuānsuō, 右左玉女穿梭), Fair Lady Works with Shuttles, (Walking Wood), Four Corners, RIGHT and LEFT
  19. Needle at Sea Bottom (Hǎidǐ zhēn, 海底针)
  20. Fan Through Back (Shǎn tōng bì, 闪通臂), Fan Penetrates Back
  21. Turn Body, Deflect, Parry, and Punch (Zhuǎnshēn Bānlánchuí, 转身搬拦捶)
  22. Apparent Close (Rúfēng shìbì, 如封似闭), Withdraw and Push, as if Closing a Door
  23. Cross Hands (Shízìshǒu, 十字手)
  24. Closing (Shōushì, 收势)

[3]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Tai Chi in the UK & Europe with the Deyin Taijiquan Institute (UK)". www.deyin-taiji.com. Retrieved 2019-12-28.
  2. ^ Master Niu talks about his teacher Li Tianji 李天骥(English Subtitles), archived from the original on 2013-12-13, retrieved 2019-12-28
  3. ^ "The Peking Form". taichi-horwood.com. Archived from the original on May 6, 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2019.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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