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{{Short description|American musician (1948–2000)}}
{{More citations needed|date=September 2011}}
{{use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}

{{use American English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
|name = Cub Koda
| name = Cub Koda
|image =
| image = File:American_rock_musician_Cub_Koda.png
|caption =
| caption = Koda in 1984
|background = solo_singer
|birth_name = Michael Koda
| birth_name = Michael John Uszniewicz
|alias =
| alias =
|birth_date = {{birth date|1948|10|1|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1948|10|1|mf=y}}
|death_date = {{Death date and age|2000|07|1|1948|10|1|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2000|07|1|1948|10|1}}
| death_place = [[Chelsea, Michigan]], U.S.
|birth_place =
| birth_place = [[Detroit]], Michigan, U.S.
|genre = [[Rock and roll]]
| genre = {{hlist|Rock|blues-rock}}
|occupation = Singer, songwriter, disc jockey, music critic, record compiler
| occupation = {{hlist|Musician|songwriter|music critic}}
⚫
|years_active =
| instruments = {{hlist|Guitar|vocals|harmonica}}
|label =
⚫
| years_active = 1963–2000
|associated_acts =
| label =
|website =
| website =
}}
}}


'''Michael "Cub" Koda''' (October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000) was an [[Americans|American]] [[rock and roll]] singer, guitarist, [[songwriter]], [[disc jockey]], music critic, and record compiler. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine considered him best known for writing the song "[[Smokin' in the Boys Room]]", recorded by [[Brownsville Station (band)|Brownsville Station]], which reached number 3 on the 1974 [[Billboard chart]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Obits|last=Skanse|first=Richard|journal=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=August 31, 2000|issue=848|page=34|issn=0035-791X}}</ref> He co-wrote and edited the ''All Music Guide to the Blues'',<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=0-87930-736-6|title=All Music Guide to the Blues|first1=Vladimir|last1=Bogdanov|first2=Chris|last2=Woodstra|first3=Stephen Thomas|last3=Erlewine|publisher=Hal Leonard|year=2003}}</ref> and ''Blues for Dummies'',<ref>{{Cite book|title=Blues for Dummies|isbn=0-7645-5080-2|first1=Lonnie|last1=Brooks|first2=Cub|last2=Koda|first3=Wayne Baker|last3=Brooks|publisher=IDG Books Worldwide|year=1998}}</ref> and selected a version of each of the classic blues songs on the CD accompanying the book. He also wrote liner notes for the [[Trashmen]], [[Jimmy Reed]], [[J. B. Hutto]], the [[The Kingsmen|Kingsmen]], and the [[The Miller Sisters (singers)|Miller Sisters]], among others.<ref name="AMG"/>
'''Michael John "Cub" Koda''' (né '''Uszniewicz'''; October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Knipe |first1=Sandra |title=Oldies Rock Stars Bring Hits to Town |work=[[The Evansville Press]] |date=1995-03-09 |page=16 |quote=Michael John 'Cub' Koda of Brownsville Station...}}</ref><ref name="hof">{{cite web |url=https://michiganrockandrolllegends.com/index.php/mrrl-hall-of-fame/321-cub-koda |title=Cub Koda |last=Johnson |first=Gary |date=2016-06-01 |website=Michigan Rock and Roll Legends |access-date=2023-12-23}}</ref> was an [[Americans|American]] [[rock and roll]] musician, songwriter, and critic. ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' magazine considered him best known for writing the song "[[Smokin' in the Boys Room]]", recorded by his band [[Brownsville Station (band)|Brownsville Station]], which reached number 3 on the 1974 [[Billboard chart]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Obits|last=Skanse|first=Richard|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=August 31, 2000|issue=848|page=34|issn=0035-791X}}</ref>

==Early life and career==
Koda was a native of [[Detroit, Michigan]], and a graduate of Manchester High School, in [[Manchester, Michigan]]. He became interested in music as a boy, learning drums by the age of 5, and by the time he was in high school he had formed his own group, the Del-Tinos, which played rockabilly, rock and roll, and blues. The band released its first single, "[[Go Go Go (Roy Orbison song)|Go Go Go]]" (a version of a [[Roy Orbison]] recording), in the fall of 1963. They released two more singles but broke up in 1966, when Koda wanted to pursue other options.<ref name="AMG">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=artist|id=p4702/biography|pure_url=yes}}|title=Cub Koda|author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[Allmusic]] |accessdate=November 11, 2011}}</ref>


Offstage, Koda also co-wrote and edited the ''All Music Guide to the Blues'',<ref>{{Cite book|isbn=0-87930-736-6|title=All Music Guide to the Blues|first1=Vladimir|last1=Bogdanov|first2=Chris|last2=Woodstra|first3=Stephen Thomas|last3=Erlewine|publisher=Hal Leonard|year=2003}}</ref> and ''Blues for Dummies'',<ref>{{Cite book|title=Blues for Dummies|isbn=0-7645-5080-2|first1=Lonnie|last1=Brooks|first2=Cub|last2=Koda|first3=Wayne Baker|last3=Brooks|publisher=IDG Books Worldwide|year=1998}}</ref> as well as selecting the tracks on the accompanying CDs. He also penned liner notes for bands such as [[the Trashmen]], [[Jimmy Reed]], [[J. B. Hutto]], the [[The Kingsmen|Kingsmen]], and the [[The Miller Sisters (singers)|Miller Sisters]].<ref name="AMG"/>
Koda spent a year attending [[Northern Michigan University]] in [[Marquette, Michigan]]. Koda formed and reformed several bands at this time with other musicians in the area. His original songs and over the top performances drew crowds everywhere the band played. His habit of playing a guitar with a 'y' cord plugged into two [[Fender Twin Reverb]] amps gave him plenty of volume. He also played harp and slide guitar. After a year Koda decided college wasn't his thing and moved to [[Las Vegas]] where he worked as a sideman. This was his springboard to forming Brownsville Station. The last incarnation of his backing band regrouped as Walrus and became a local and midwest institution in their own right.


==Brownsville Station==
==Early life==
Koda was born in 1948 in [[Detroit]], Michigan, to parents George and Lois Uszniewicz. In 1957, George changed the family name to "Koda," his mother's maiden name.<ref name="hof" /> Koda became interested in music as a boy, already playing drums at the age of five.
Koda then worked as a solo artist, releasing two singles, "I Got My Mojo Workin'" and "Ramblin' on My Mind", and working with a couple of bands, before forming Brownsville Station in 1969.<ref name="AMG"/> Formed in [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]], Brownsville Station also included drummer T. J. Cronley, bassist Tony Driggins, guitarist Mike Lutz, and later Bruce Nazarian and Henry Weck. The group was influenced by [[Chuck Berry]], [[Bo Diddley]], the [[The Who|Who]], [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], and [[Link Wray]].


==Career==
⚫
The band began performing throughout the American Midwest and released several singles before getting noticed. They released their first album in 1970. The 1973 single "Smokin' in the Boys Room" remains their best-known song.<ref name="AMG"/> It went to number 3 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart<ref name=carson>{{Cite book|last=Carson|first=David A.|year=2006|title=Grit, Noise, and Revolution: The Birth of Detroit Rock 'n' Roll|page=279|location=Ann Arbor|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-11503-0}}</ref> and eventually sold over two million copies. They continued to perform until disbanding in 1979.<ref name="AMG"/>
While attending high school in [[Manchester, Michigan]], Koda formed a rock group, the Del-Tinos, who released their first single, a cover of [[Roy Orbison]]'s "[[Go Go Go (Roy Orbison song)|Go Go Go]]," in 1963. They released two more singles before disbanding in 1966.<ref name="AMG">{{cite web |url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p4702/biography|pure_url=yes}}|title=Cub Koda|author=Stephen Thomas Erlewine |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |access-date=November 11, 2011}}</ref> After attending [[Northern Michigan University]] for a year, Koda relocated to [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]].<ref name="hof" />


⚫
===Brownsville Station===
Other recordings by Brownsville Station include "The Martian Boogie", "I Get So Excited", "Rock & Roll Holiday", "Hey Little Girl", "Mama Don't Allow No Parkin'", "I Got It Bad for You", "Kings of the Party", "I'm the Leader of the Gang", "Let Your Yeah Be Yeah" (the title is from [[Matthew 5:37]]), "Lady (Put the Light on Me)," "Wanted (Dead or Alive)", and "Barefootin'" (the B-side of "Smokin' in the Boys Room). "Smokin' in the Boys Room" was later covered by [[Mötley Crüe]].
⚫
Koda formed Brownsville Station in Ann Arbor in 1969.<ref name="AMG"/> The band originally consisted of Koda, drummer T. J. Cronley, bassist Tony Driggins, guitarist Mike Lutz. Brownsville Station began performing throughout the American Midwest before releasing their first album, ''No BS'', in 1970. The 1973 single "Smokin' in the Boys Room" remains their best-known song.<ref name="AMG"/> It went to number 3 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] chart,<ref name=carson>{{Cite book|last=Carson|first=David A.|year=2006|title=Grit, Noise, and Revolution: The Birth of Detroit Rock 'n' Roll|page=279|location=Ann Arbor|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-11503-0}}</ref> sold over two million copies, and was later at hit for [[Mötley Crüe]]. They continued to perform until disbanding in 1979.<ref name="AMG"/>


In the mid-1970s, Koda and Brownsville Station roadies created and recorded an intentionally inept oldies band named "King Uszniewicz and His Uszniewicztones" with Koda masquerading as frontman Ernie Uszniewicz on saxophone.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Del Ray |first1=Teisco |title=Cub Koda: 1948-2000 |url=http://www.cubkoda.com/CubKodaStory_TeiscoDelRey.html |website=CubKoda.com |access-date=27 September 2021}}</ref> The band recorded and pressed a 45 of "Surfin' School/Cry on My Shoulder" which was discreetly placed in Midwest thrift stores by members of Brownsville Station while on tour, creating the illusion amongst record collectors that the band had been real. The prank was furthered by four LPs released by [[Norton Records]] between 1989 and 2011, all of which feature a photo of the face of Koda's father George on the cover.<ref name="hof" />
⚫
==After Brownsville Station==
⚫
Before the breakup of the band Koda purchased a [[multitrack recorder]] and started producing one-man band tapes of rockabilly, blues, R&B, country, early rock and roll, and jazz, which he released as the album ''That's What I Like About the South''. He became more focused on performing solo. He also began writing for numerous music magazines, notably his column "The Vinyl Junkie" for ''[[Goldmine Magazine]]'' (later for ''DISCoveries''). He wrote three volumes of the acclaimed ''Blues Masters'' series. He also wrote reviews and contributed to books published by [[Allmusic]].<ref name="AMG"/>


===After Brownsville Station===
⚫
From late 1979 to late 1980, Koda began playing with three members of a Detroit-based band, Mugsy, calling themselves Cub Koda and the Points. Their eponymous debut album was released in early 1980 by the Boston-based Baron Records on hot pink vinyl. Also released was an EP, "Shake Yo Cakes." Because of financial difficulties, the band broke up in late 1980 before releasing a second album.
⚫
After the breakup of Brownsville Station, Koda began producing [[one-man band]] tapes of rockabilly, blues, R&B, country, early rock and roll, and jazz, which he released as the album ''That's What I Like About the South''. He also began writing for numerous music magazines, notably his column "The Vinyl Junkie" for ''[[Goldmine Magazine]]'' (later for ''DISCoveries''). He wrote three volumes of the acclaimed ''Blues Masters'' series. He also wrote reviews and contributed to books published by [[AllMusic]].<ref name="AMG"/>


⚫
From late 1979 to late 1980, Koda began playing with three members of a Detroit-based band, Mugsy, calling themselves Cub Koda and the Points. Their eponymous debut album was released in early 1980 by the Boston-based Baron Records on hot pink vinyl. Also released was an EP, ''Shake Yo Cakes''.<ref name="hof" />
⚫
By 1980, Koda was performing with [[Hound Dog Taylor]]'s backing band, the Houserockers,<ref name="AMG"/> with guitarist Brewer Phillips and drummer Ted Harvey. They performed and recorded together for 15 years. The group's first album was ''It's the Blues'', released in 1981. Their second album, ''The Joint Was Rockin' '', was released in 1996. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Koda continued his busy schedule of touring, recording, and writing. The compilation album ''Smokin' in the Boy's Room: The Best of Brownsville Station'', was released by Rhino Records in 1993, and ''Welcome to My Job'', a retrospective of his non-Brownsville recordings, was released by Blue Wave Records in the same year. The following year the album ''Abba Dabba Dabba: A Bananza of Hits'' was released by Schoolkids Records.<ref name="AMG"/> He recorded a solo album, ''Box Lunch'', released by J-Bird Records in 1997, and recordings he made with the Del-Tinos were released by Norton Records in 1998. He also re-formed Cub Koda and the Points and released ''Noise Monkeys'' (one of his last works) in 2000.<ref name="AMG" />


⚫
By 1980, Koda was performing with [[Hound Dog Taylor]]'s backing band, the Houserockers,<ref name="AMG"/> with guitarist Brewer Phillips and drummer Ted Harvey. They performed and recorded together for 15 years. The group's first album was ''It's the Blues'', released in 1981. Their second album, ''The Joint Was Rockin''', was released in 1996. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Koda continued his busy schedule of touring, recording, and writing. The compilation album ''Smokin' in the Boy's Room: The Best of Brownsville Station'', was released by Rhino Records in 1993, and ''Welcome to My Job'', a retrospective of his non-Brownsville recordings, was released by Blue Wave Records in the same year. The following year the album ''Abba Dabba Dabba: A Bananza of Hits'' was released by Schoolkids Records.<ref name="AMG"/> He recorded a solo album, ''Box Lunch'', released by J-Bird Records in 1997, and recordings he made with the Del-Tinos were released by Norton Records in 1998. He also re-formed Cub Koda and the Points and released ''Noise Monkeys'' (one of his last works) in 2000.<ref name="AMG" />
On June 30, 2000, while promoting his new album, he became ill.<ref name="AMG"/> Although he had been recovering from kidney disease, which required [[dialysis]], Koda died the next day, at age 51.<ref name=carson/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Whitburn|first=Joel|year=2004|title=The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits|edition=Revised and Expanded Eighth|page=91|publisher=Billboard Books|isbn=0-8230-7499-4}}</ref>


==Death==
A song by Koda, "You're the Only Girl (Delores)", was included on the tribute album ''Daddy Rockin' Strong: A Tribute to [[Nolan Strong]] & the Diablos'', released by The Wind Records in August 2010 and distributed by [[Norton Records]]. The song was included on Koda's 1994 album ''Abba Dabba Dabba'', which had only limited release. A notable and plaintive song was "Random Drug Test", which featured the refrain "Pee in the cup." Cub Koda was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2016.<ref>https://www.michiganrockandrolllegends.com/mrrl-hall-of-fame/269-cub-koda</ref>
Koda died in [[Chelsea, Michigan]], on July 1, 2000, aged 51. He had been suffering from [[kidney disease]], which required [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]].<ref name="AMG" /><ref name=carson/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Whitburn|first=Joel|year=2004|title=The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits|edition=Revised and Expanded Eighth|page=91|publisher=Billboard Books|isbn=0-8230-7499-4}}</ref> He is buried in Mount Hope Cemetery in [[Waterloo, Michigan]]. His headstone features a [[Fender Musical Instruments Corporation|Fender]] amp, with a microphone and harmonica resting on top of it. "I Will Always Love You/If Only in my Dreams" is inscribed on the tablet.<ref name="hof" /> Koda was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://michiganrockandrolllegends.com/mrrl-hall-of-fame/269-cub-koda|title=Springsteen Pt. 8 - On Broadway - Michigan Rock and Roll Legends|website=Michiganrockandrolllegends.com|access-date=24 October 2020}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 48: Line 49:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.cubkoda.com Official Cub Koda Homepage]
*[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7612979/cub-koda Cub Koda] at Find a Grave
*[https://www.discogs.com/artist/666042-Cub-Koda Cub Koda discography] at Discogs
*[http://www.vh1.com/artists/az/brownsville_station/bio.jhtml Brownsville Station]
*[https://www.discogs.com/artist/1624280-The-Del-Tinos Del-Tinos discography] at Discogs
*[http://elvispelvis.com/cubkoda.htm Biography]
*''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_lI_WEFNbM Random Drug Test]'' via [[YouTube]]
*[https://www.discogs.com/artist/483467-Brownsville-Station Brownsville Station discography] at Discogs
*[https://www.discogs.com/artist/1774325-King-Uszniewicz-And-His-Uszniewicztones King Uszniewicz discography] at Discogs


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[[Category:2000 deaths]]
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[[Category:American rock guitarists]]
[[Category:American rock guitarists]]
[[Category:American male guitarists]]
[[Category:American male guitarists]]
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[[Category:American rock songwriters]]
[[Category:American rock songwriters]]
[[Category:American male songwriters]]
[[Category:American male songwriters]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney failure in the United States]]
[[Category:Musicians from Ann Arbor, Michigan]]
[[Category:Musicians from Ann Arbor, Michigan]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
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[[Category:Guitarists from Detroit]]
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century American male musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century American songwriters]]

Latest revision as of 01:41, 24 April 2024

Cub Koda
Koda in 1984
Koda in 1984
Background information
Birth nameMichael John Uszniewicz
Born(1948-10-01)October 1, 1948
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
DiedJuly 1, 2000(2000-07-01) (aged 51)
Chelsea, Michigan, U.S.
Genres
  • Rock
  • blues-rock
Occupations
  • Musician
  • songwriter
  • music critic
Instruments
  • Guitar
  • vocals
  • harmonica
Years active1963–2000

Michael John "Cub" Koda (né Uszniewicz; October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000)[1][2] was an American rock and roll musician, songwriter, and critic. Rolling Stone magazine considered him best known for writing the song "Smokin' in the Boys Room", recorded by his band Brownsville Station, which reached number 3 on the 1974 Billboard chart.[3]

Offstage, Koda also co-wrote and edited the All Music Guide to the Blues,[4] and Blues for Dummies,[5] as well as selecting the tracks on the accompanying CDs. He also penned liner notes for bands such as the Trashmen, Jimmy Reed, J. B. Hutto, the Kingsmen, and the Miller Sisters.[6]

Early life

[edit]

Koda was born in 1948 in Detroit, Michigan, to parents George and Lois Uszniewicz. In 1957, George changed the family name to "Koda," his mother's maiden name.[2] Koda became interested in music as a boy, already playing drums at the age of five.

Career

[edit]

While attending high school in Manchester, Michigan, Koda formed a rock group, the Del-Tinos, who released their first single, a cover of Roy Orbison's "Go Go Go," in 1963. They released two more singles before disbanding in 1966.[6] After attending Northern Michigan University for a year, Koda relocated to Ann Arbor, Michigan.[2]

Brownsville Station

[edit]

Koda formed Brownsville Station in Ann Arbor in 1969.[6] The band originally consisted of Koda, drummer T. J. Cronley, bassist Tony Driggins, guitarist Mike Lutz. Brownsville Station began performing throughout the American Midwest before releasing their first album, No BS, in 1970. The 1973 single "Smokin' in the Boys Room" remains their best-known song.[6] It went to number 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart,[7] sold over two million copies, and was later at hit for Mötley Crüe. They continued to perform until disbanding in 1979.[6]

In the mid-1970s, Koda and Brownsville Station roadies created and recorded an intentionally inept oldies band named "King Uszniewicz and His Uszniewicztones" with Koda masquerading as frontman Ernie Uszniewicz on saxophone.[8] The band recorded and pressed a 45 of "Surfin' School/Cry on My Shoulder" which was discreetly placed in Midwest thrift stores by members of Brownsville Station while on tour, creating the illusion amongst record collectors that the band had been real. The prank was furthered by four LPs released by Norton Records between 1989 and 2011, all of which feature a photo of the face of Koda's father George on the cover.[2]

After Brownsville Station

[edit]

After the breakup of Brownsville Station, Koda began producing one-man band tapes of rockabilly, blues, R&B, country, early rock and roll, and jazz, which he released as the album That's What I Like About the South. He also began writing for numerous music magazines, notably his column "The Vinyl Junkie" for Goldmine Magazine (later for DISCoveries). He wrote three volumes of the acclaimed Blues Masters series. He also wrote reviews and contributed to books published by AllMusic.[6]

From late 1979 to late 1980, Koda began playing with three members of a Detroit-based band, Mugsy, calling themselves Cub Koda and the Points. Their eponymous debut album was released in early 1980 by the Boston-based Baron Records on hot pink vinyl. Also released was an EP, Shake Yo Cakes.[2]

By 1980, Koda was performing with Hound Dog Taylor's backing band, the Houserockers,[6] with guitarist Brewer Phillips and drummer Ted Harvey. They performed and recorded together for 15 years. The group's first album was It's the Blues, released in 1981. Their second album, The Joint Was Rockin', was released in 1996. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Koda continued his busy schedule of touring, recording, and writing. The compilation album Smokin' in the Boy's Room: The Best of Brownsville Station, was released by Rhino Records in 1993, and Welcome to My Job, a retrospective of his non-Brownsville recordings, was released by Blue Wave Records in the same year. The following year the album Abba Dabba Dabba: A Bananza of Hits was released by Schoolkids Records.[6] He recorded a solo album, Box Lunch, released by J-Bird Records in 1997, and recordings he made with the Del-Tinos were released by Norton Records in 1998. He also re-formed Cub Koda and the Points and released Noise Monkeys (one of his last works) in 2000.[6]

Death

[edit]

Koda died in Chelsea, Michigan, on July 1, 2000, aged 51. He had been suffering from kidney disease, which required dialysis.[6][7][9] He is buried in Mount Hope Cemetery in Waterloo, Michigan. His headstone features a Fender amp, with a microphone and harmonica resting on top of it. "I Will Always Love You/If Only in my Dreams" is inscribed on the tablet.[2] Koda was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2016.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Knipe, Sandra (March 9, 1995). "Oldies Rock Stars Bring Hits to Town". The Evansville Press. p. 16. Michael John 'Cub' Koda of Brownsville Station...
  2. ^ a b c d e f Johnson, Gary (June 1, 2016). "Cub Koda". Michigan Rock and Roll Legends. Retrieved December 23, 2023.
  3. ^ Skanse, Richard (August 31, 2000). "Obits". Rolling Stone. No. 848. p. 34. ISSN 0035-791X.
  4. ^ Bogdanov, Vladimir; Woodstra, Chris; Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2003). All Music Guide to the Blues. Hal Leonard. ISBN 0-87930-736-6.
  5. ^ Brooks, Lonnie; Koda, Cub; Brooks, Wayne Baker (1998). Blues for Dummies. IDG Books Worldwide. ISBN 0-7645-5080-2.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Stephen Thomas Erlewine. "Cub Koda". AllMusic. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  7. ^ a b Carson, David A. (2006). Grit, Noise, and Revolution: The Birth of Detroit Rock 'n' Roll. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 279. ISBN 0-472-11503-0.
  8. ^ Del Ray, Teisco. "Cub Koda: 1948-2000". CubKoda.com. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  9. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits (Revised and Expanded Eighth ed.). Billboard Books. p. 91. ISBN 0-8230-7499-4.
  10. ^ "Springsteen Pt. 8 - On Broadway - Michigan Rock and Roll Legends". Michiganrockandrolllegends.com. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
[edit]
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