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{{Short description|Extinct genus of reptiles}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Cenomanian}}
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Cenomanian}}
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| subdivision =
| subdivision =
* {{extinct}}''E. cherifiensis'' <small>(Lavocat, 1955) de Broin, 2002</small>
* {{extinct}}''E. cherifiensis'' <small>(Lavocat, 1955) de Broin, 2002</small>
* {{extinct}}''E. broinae'' <small>Meunier & Larsson, 2016<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Louise M. V. Meunier |author2=Hans C. E. Larsson |year=2016 |title=Revision and phylogenetic affinities of ''Elosuchus'' (Crocodyliformes) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=169–200 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12448 }}</ref></small>
* {{extinct}}''E. broinae'' <small>Meunier & Larsson, 2016<ref name=revision>{{cite journal |author1=Louise M. V. Meunier |author2=Hans C. E. Larsson |year=2016 |title=Revision and phylogenetic affinities of ''Elosuchus'' (Crocodyliformes) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=179 |issue=1 |pages=169–200 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12448 |doi-access=free }}</ref></small>
}}
}}


'''''Elosuchus''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of [[neosuchia]]n [[Crocodyliformes|crocodyliform]] that lived during the [[Early Cretaceous]] of what is now North Africa ([[Morocco]] and [[Algeria]]).
'''''Elosuchus''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of [[neosuchia]]n [[Crocodyliformes|crocodyliform]] that lived during the [[Middle Cretaceous]] of what is now Africa ([[Niger]], [[Morocco]] and [[Algeria]]).


==Description and taxonomy==
==Description and taxonomy==
''Elosuchus'' had an elongated snout like a [[gharial]] and was probably a fully aquatic animal. The type species, ''E. cherifiensis'' from Algeria and Morocco, was originally described as a species of ''[[Thoracosaurus]]'' by Lavocat,<ref>Lavocat, R., 1955, Decouverte d'un Crocodilien du genre ''Thoracosaurus'' dans le Cretace Superiuer d'Afrique: Bulletin du Museum National d'Historie Naturelle, Paris, v. 2, n. 27, p. 338-340.</ref> but was recognized as a genus separate from ''Thoracosaurus'' by de Broin in 2002. ''Elosuchus felixi'', described from the [[Echkar Formation]] of Niger, was renamed ''[[Fortignathus]]'' in 2016 and is either a dyrosaurid relative or a non-hyposaurine dyrosaurid.<ref name=Elosuchus>de Broin, F. de L., 2002, ''Elosuchus'', a new genus of crocodile from the Lower Cretaceous of the North of Africa: C. R. Palevol, v. 1, p. 275-285.</ref><ref>Mark T. Young; Alexander K. Hastings; Ronan Allain; Thomas J. Smith (2016). "Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower–Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1111/zoj.12452.</ref>
''Elosuchus'' had an elongated snout like a [[gharial]] and was probably a fully aquatic animal. The type species, ''E. cherifiensis'' from Algeria and Morocco, was originally described as a species of ''[[Thoracosaurus]]'' by Lavocat,<ref>Lavocat, R., 1955, Decouverte d'un Crocodilien du genre ''Thoracosaurus'' dans le Cretace Superiuer d'Afrique: Bulletin du Museum National d'Historie Naturelle, Paris, v. 2, n. 27, p. 338-340.</ref> but was recognized as a genus separate from ''Thoracosaurus'' by de Broin in 2002. ''Elosuchus felixi'', described from the [[Echkar Formation]] of Niger, was renamed ''[[Fortignathus]]'' in 2016 and is either a dyrosaurid relative or a non-hyposaurine dyrosaurid.<ref name=Elosuchus>de Broin, F. de L., 2002, ''Elosuchus'', a new genus of crocodile from the Lower Cretaceous of the North of Africa: C. R. Palevol, v. 1, p. 275-285.</ref><ref>Mark T. Young; Alexander K. Hastings; Ronan Allain; Thomas J. Smith (2016). "Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower–Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1111/zoj.12452.</ref> The largest known skull indicates a body length of up to {{convert|7.7|m|ftin}}.<ref name=revision/>


==Phylogeny==
==Phylogeny==
[[File:Elosuchus BW.jpg|thumb|left|Restoration of ''E. cherifiensis'']]
[[File:Elosuchus BW.jpg|thumb|left|Restoration of ''E. cherifiensis'']]
de Broin (2002) created the family '''Elosuchidae''' to contain ''Elosuchus'' and the genus ''[[Stolokrosuchus]]'' from Niger.<ref name=Elosuchus/> However, recent [[phylogenetic]] analyses usually find ''Stolokrosuchus'' to be one of the [[basal (phylogenetics)|basalmost]] neosuchian, only distantly related to ''Elosuchus''.<ref name=TS10>{{cite journal |last=Turner |first=Alan H. |author2=Sertich, Joseph J. W. |year=2010 |title=Phylogenetic history of ''Simosuchus clarki'' (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=30 |issue=6, Memoir 10 |pages=177–236 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2010.532348}}</ref><ref name=G.kiplingi>{{Cite journal |author1=Marco Brandalise de Andrade |author2=Richard Edmonds |author3=Michael J. Benton |author4=Remmert Schouten |title=A new Berriasian species of ''Goniopholis'' (Mesoeucrocodylia, Neosuchia) from England, and a review of the genus |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x/abstract |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=163 |issue=s1 |pages=S66–S108 |year=2011 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x}}</ref><ref name=Meridiosaurus>{{Cite journal |author1=Daniel Fortier |author2=Daniel Perea |author3=Cesar Schultz |title=Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of ''Meridiosaurus vallisparadisi'', a pholidosaurid from the Late Jurassic of Uruguay |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00722.x/abstract |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=163 |issue=s1 |pages=S66–S108 |year=2011 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x}}</ref><ref name=BML12>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bronzati | first1 = M. | last2 = Montefeltro | first2 = F. C. | last3 = Langer | first3 = M. C. | title = A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes | doi = 10.1080/08912963.2012.662680 | journal = Historical Biology | pages = 1 | year = 2012 | pmid = | pmc = }}</ref> Some analyses find a monophyletic [[Pholidosauridae]] that includes ''Elosuchus'',<ref name=Meridiosaurus/> while other analyses find ''Elosuchus'' to nest with taxa like ''[[Sarcosuchus]]'' in a clade as a sister-taxon to the node [[Dyrosauridae]]+Pholidosauridae.<ref name=G.kiplingi/><ref name=BML12/>
de Broin (2002) created the family '''Elosuchidae''' to contain ''Elosuchus'' and the genus ''[[Stolokrosuchus]]'' from Niger.<ref name=Elosuchus/> However, recent [[phylogenetic]] analyses usually find ''Stolokrosuchus'' to be one of the [[basal (phylogenetics)|basalmost]] neosuchian, only distantly related to ''Elosuchus''.<ref name=TS10>{{cite journal |last=Turner |first=Alan H. |author2=Sertich, Joseph J. W. |year=2010 |title=Phylogenetic history of ''Simosuchus clarki'' (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=30 |issue=6, Memoir 10 |pages=177–236 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2010.532348|s2cid=86737170 }}</ref><ref name=G.kiplingi>{{Cite journal |author1=Marco Brandalise de Andrade |author2=Richard Edmonds |author3=Michael J. Benton |author4=Remmert Schouten |title=A new Berriasian species of ''Goniopholis'' (Mesoeucrocodylia, Neosuchia) from England, and a review of the genus |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=163 |issue=s1 |pages=S66–S108 |year=2011 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x|doi-access= }}</ref><ref name=Meridiosaurus>{{Cite journal |author1=Daniel Fortier |author2=Daniel Perea |author3=Cesar Schultz |title=Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of ''Meridiosaurus vallisparadisi'', a pholidosaurid from the Late Jurassic of Uruguay |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=163 |issue=s1 |pages=S66–S108 |year=2011 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00722.x|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=BML12>{{Cite journal | last1 = Bronzati | first1 = M. | last2 = Montefeltro | first2 = F. C. | last3 = Langer | first3 = M. C. | title = A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes | doi = 10.1080/08912963.2012.662680 | journal = Historical Biology | volume = 24 | issue = 6 | pages = 598–606 | year = 2012 | s2cid = 53412111 }}</ref> Some analyses find a monophyletic [[Pholidosauridae]] that includes ''Elosuchus'',<ref name=Meridiosaurus/> while other analyses find ''Elosuchus'' to nest with taxa like ''[[Sarcosuchus]]'' in a clade as a sister-taxon to the node [[Dyrosauridae]]+Pholidosauridae.<ref name=G.kiplingi/><ref name=BML12/>


==References==
==References==
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2221347}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2221347}}


[[Category:Early Cretaceous crocodylomorphs of Africa]]
[[Category:Late Cretaceous crocodylomorphs of Africa]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2002]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2002]]
[[Category:Prehistoric reptile genera]]
[[Category:Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera]]
[[Category:Prehistoric marine crocodylomorphs]]
[[Category:Prehistoric marine crocodylomorphs]]
[[Category:Early Cretaceous reptiles of Africa]]
[[Category:Fossils of Algeria]]
[[Category:Fossils of Algeria]]
[[Category:Fossils of Morocco]]
[[Category:Fossils of Morocco]]
[[Category:Neosuchians]]
[[Category:Tethysuchians]]
[[Category:Cenomanian genera]]




Latest revision as of 22:18, 26 April 2024

Elosuchus
Temporal range: Cenomanian
Skull of E. cherifiensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Clade: Archosauria
Clade: Pseudosuchia
Clade: Crocodylomorpha
Clade: Crocodyliformes
Family: †Pholidosauridae
Genus: †Elosuchus
de Broin, 2002
Species
  • †E. cherifiensis (Lavocat, 1955) de Broin, 2002
  • †E. broinae Meunier & Larsson, 2016[1]

Elosuchus is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodyliform that lived during the Middle Cretaceous of what is now Africa (Niger, Morocco and Algeria).

Description and taxonomy

[edit]

Elosuchus had an elongated snout like a gharial and was probably a fully aquatic animal. The type species, E. cherifiensis from Algeria and Morocco, was originally described as a species of Thoracosaurus by Lavocat,[2] but was recognized as a genus separate from Thoracosaurus by de Broin in 2002. Elosuchus felixi, described from the Echkar Formation of Niger, was renamed Fortignathus in 2016 and is either a dyrosaurid relative or a non-hyposaurine dyrosaurid.[3][4] The largest known skull indicates a body length of up to 7.7 metres (25 ft 3 in).[1]

Phylogeny

[edit]
Restoration of E. cherifiensis

de Broin (2002) created the family Elosuchidae to contain Elosuchus and the genus Stolokrosuchus from Niger.[3] However, recent phylogenetic analyses usually find Stolokrosuchus to be one of the basalmost neosuchian, only distantly related to Elosuchus.[5][6][7][8] Some analyses find a monophyletic Pholidosauridae that includes Elosuchus,[7] while other analyses find Elosuchus to nest with taxa like Sarcosuchus in a clade as a sister-taxon to the node Dyrosauridae+Pholidosauridae.[6][8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Louise M. V. Meunier; Hans C. E. Larsson (2016). "Revision and phylogenetic affinities of Elosuchus (Crocodyliformes)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 179 (1): 169–200. doi:10.1111/zoj.12448.
  2. ^ Lavocat, R., 1955, Decouverte d'un Crocodilien du genre Thoracosaurus dans le Cretace Superiuer d'Afrique: Bulletin du Museum National d'Historie Naturelle, Paris, v. 2, n. 27, p. 338-340.
  3. ^ a b de Broin, F. de L., 2002, Elosuchus, a new genus of crocodile from the Lower Cretaceous of the North of Africa: C. R. Palevol, v. 1, p. 275-285.
  4. ^ Mark T. Young; Alexander K. Hastings; Ronan Allain; Thomas J. Smith (2016). "Revision of the enigmatic crocodyliform Elosuchus felixi de Lapparent de Broin, 2002 from the Lower–Upper Cretaceous boundary of Niger: potential evidence for an early origin of the clade Dyrosauridae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Online edition. doi:10.1111/zoj.12452.
  5. ^ Turner, Alan H.; Sertich, Joseph J. W. (2010). "Phylogenetic history of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (6, Memoir 10): 177–236. doi:10.1080/02724634.2010.532348. S2CID 86737170.
  6. ^ a b Marco Brandalise de Andrade; Richard Edmonds; Michael J. Benton; Remmert Schouten (2011). "A new Berriasian species of Goniopholis (Mesoeucrocodylia, Neosuchia) from England, and a review of the genus". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (s1): S66 – S108. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00709.x.
  7. ^ a b Daniel Fortier; Daniel Perea; Cesar Schultz (2011). "Redescription and phylogenetic relationships of Meridiosaurus vallisparadisi, a pholidosaurid from the Late Jurassic of Uruguay". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (s1): S66 – S108. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00722.x.
  8. ^ a b Bronzati, M.; Montefeltro, F. C.; Langer, M. C. (2012). "A species-level supertree of Crocodyliformes". Historical Biology. 24 (6): 598–606. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.662680. S2CID 53412111.


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