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Coordinates: 51°34′46″N 0°12′28″W / 51.5795°N 0.2078°W / 51.5795; -0.2078
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{{Short description|Jewish congregation in London}}
[[File:Machzikei hadat.jpg|thumb|The current synagogue building]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The '''Machzike Hadath''' community [[synagogue]] is a [[Lithuanian Jews|Lithuanian]], [[Ashkenazi]] synagogue founded in 1891.
{{for|the synagogue in Ottawa, Canada|Machzikei Hadas (synagogue){{!}}Machzikei Hadas}}
{{for|the current use of the former Machzike Hadath synagogue, located in Brick Lane|Brick Lane Mosque}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Machzike Hadath
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Machzikei hadat.jpg
| image_upright = 1.4
| alt =
| caption = The synagogue, in 2010
| religious_affiliation = [[Orthodox Judaism]]
| tradition =
| sect =
| district =
| prefecture =
| province =
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| deity =
| rite = [[Nusach Ashkenaz]]
| festival = <!-- or |festivals= -->
| organisational_status = [[Synagogue]]<!-- or |organizational_status= -->
| ownership =
| governing_body =
| leadership = Rabbi Ilan Halberstadt
| bhattaraka =
| patron =
| consecration_year =
| functional_status = Active
| religious_features_label =
| religious_features =
| location = 1 Highfield Road, [[Golders Green]], [[London Borough of Barnet|Borough of Barnet]], [[London]], [[England]] NW11 9LU
| locale =
| municipality =
| cercle =
| state =
| country = United Kingdom
| map_type = Greater London
| map_size = 250
| map_alt =
| map_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of the synagogue in [[Greater London]]
| grid_name =
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| coordinates = {{coord|51.5795|-0.2078|type:landmark_region:GB|display=it|format=dms}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
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| architecture_type = [[Protestant]] [[chapel]]
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| established = 1891 {{small|(as a congregation)}}
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed = {{ubl|1898 {{small|(Brick Lane & Fournier St)}}|1983 {{small|(Highfield Road)}}}}
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| website = {{url|machzikehadath.com}}
| module = <!-- for embedding other infobox templates -->
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}}
The '''Machzike Hadath''' ([[transliterated]] from [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] as 'Upholders of Faith'<ref name="JCR-UK-new"/>), also known as the '''Spitalfields Great Synagogue''', is an [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] [[Judaism|Jewish]] congregation and [[synagogue]], located on Highfield Road, [[Golders Green]], in the [[London Borough of Barnet|Borough of Barnet]], in the [[East End]] of [[London]], [[England]], in the United Kingdom. The congregation was formed predominately by [[Lithuanian Jews]] in 1891 and was initially located on [[Brick Lane]]. The congregation worships in the [[Nusach Ashkenaz|Ashkenazi]] [[Nusach (Jewish custom)|rite]].


==History==
The synagogue, also known as the '''Spitalfields Great Synagogue''', was founded in 1891 in the [[East End]] of [[London]], [[England]]. In 1893, it merged with the Machzike Shomrei Shabbat Synagogue of Booth Street. In 1898 they acquired premises in [[Spitalfields]], at the corner of Fournier Street and [[Brick Lane]], where they remained for 70 years. The synagogue moved to [[Golders Green]] in 1970 where its new building was consecrated in 1983.
The congregation was established in 1891 as '''Chevra Machzike Hadath''' (or Chevrath Machzikei Hadath), transliterated from Hebrew as 'The Society of Strengthened of the Faith'. It was founded by members of the North London Beth Hamedrash in Newington Green Road and members of the Machzike Shomrei Shabbat Synagogue of Booth Street, with whom it merged in 1983. The primary aim of the congregation was to persuade the Chief Rabbi and the community that serious infringements of the laws of [[kashrut]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Apple, Rabbi Dr Raymond |author-link=Raymond Apple (rabbi) |url=https://oztorah.com/2010/03/london-jewry-in-the-1890s-the-religious-controversies/ |title=London Jewry in the 1890s: The Religious Controversies |work=OzTorah |publisher=[[Raymond Apple (rabbi)|Raymond Apple]] {{post-nominals|country=AUS|AO|RFD}} |location=[[Sydney]], Australia |date=March 2010 |access-date=20 April 2024 }}</ref>


In 1898 the congregation acquired premises in [[Spitalfields]], at the corner of Fournier Street and Brick Lane, where they remained for 70 years.<ref>{{citation|author=Homa, Bernard |author-link=Bernard Homa |title=A Fortress in Anglo-Jewry |publisher=Shapiro-Vallentine |location= |year=1953 |isbn= }}</ref><ref name=Commerford>{{cite web |author=Commerford, Patrick |url=http://www.patrickcomerford.com/2020/01/brick-lane-synagogue-is-reminder-of.html |title=Brick Lane Synagogue s a reminder of a once vibrant East End community |work=An online journal on Anglicanism, theology, spirituality, history, architecture, travel, poetry, beach walks ... and more |publisher=Patrick Commerford |date=20 January 2020 |access-date=20 April 2024 }}</ref> In 1905 the congregation affiliated with the [[Federation of Synagogues]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/london/ee_machzike/index.htm |title=The former Machzike Hadath Synagogue |work=Jewish Communities and Records-UK |publisher=JewishGen and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain |date=6 July 2018 |access-date=20 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="JCR-UK-new">{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/london/golders_machzike/index.htm |title=Machzike Hadath Synagogue |work=Jewish Communities and Records-UK |publisher=JewishGen and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain |date=14 September 2017 |access-date=20 April 2024}}</ref>
The first [[rabbi]] of the community was Rabbi Avraham Aba Werner (1891–1912). Later rabbis include Rabbi [[Abraham Isaac Kook|Avraham Yitzchak HaKohen Kook]], and Rabbi [[Yehezkel Abramsky|Yechezkel Abramsky]]. The current rabbi is Rabbi Chaim Zundel Pearlman.


The Brick Lane, Spitalfields building, first established in 1743 as a [[Protestant]] [[chapel]] ("La Neuve Eglise") by London's French [[Huguenot]] community<ref>{{cite book |author=Jones, Richard |year=2006 |title=Frommer's Memorable Walks in London |publisher=[[John Wiley and Sons]] |page=93 |isbn=978-0-471-77338-2}}</ref> and later a [[Methodist]] chapel,<ref>{{cite book |author1=Humphreys, Rob |author2=Bamber, Judith |year=2003 |title=London |publisher=Rough Guides |page=238 |isbn=978-1-84353-093-0}}</ref> was used by the congregation as a synagogue from 1898 unto; 1970; where it moved to [[Golders Green]], and the new synagogue was consecrated in 1983.<ref name=Commerford/> The former Brick Lane synagogue building is now the [[Brick Lane Mosque]].
In the late 1920s the Machzike Hadath sponsored the publication of an edition of the [[Mishna Berura]].

In the late 1920s the Machzike Hadath sponsored the publication of an edition of the ''[[Mishna Berura]]''.

== Clergy ==
The following individuals have served as [[rabbi]] of the congregation:

{| class="wikitable"
! Ordinal !! Officeholder !! Term started !! Term ended !! Time in office !! Notes
|-
|align=center| {{nts|1}} || Avraham Aba Werner ||align=center| 1891 ||align=center| 1912 ||align=right| {{age in years|1891|1912}} years || <ref>{{cite web |author=Dein, Alan |url=https://danseastendportraits.wordpress.com/2016/12/05/1912-rabbi-avraham-aba-werner/ |title=RABBI AVRAHAM ABA WERNER 1912 |work=EAST END PORTRAITS |publisher= |date=5 December 2016 |access-date=20 April 2024 }}</ref>
|-
|align=center| {{nts|2}} || {{nowrap|[[Abraham Isaac Kook|Avraham Yitzchak HaKohen Kook]]}} ||align=center| 1912 ||align=center| 1919 ||align=right| {{age in years|1912|1919}} years ||
|-
! colspan=6 style="background: #cccccc;" |
|-
|align=center| {{nts|3}} || [[Yehezkel Abramsky|Yechezkel Abramsky]] || align=center| 1932 || align=center| 1935 ||align=right| {{age in years|1932|1935}} years ||
|-
! colspan=6 style="background: #cccccc;" |
|-
|align=center| {{nts|4}} || Simcha Lopian || align=center| 1956 || align=center| 1983 ||align=right| {{age in years|1956|1983}} years ||
|-
|align=center| {{nts|5}} || Dr. Ephraim Yehuda Wiesenberg || align=center| 1983 || align=center| 1986 ||align=right| {{age in years|1983|1986}} years ||
|-
|align=center| {{nts|6}} || Chaim Zundel Pearlman || align=center| 1986 || align=center| 2018 ||align=right| {{nowrap|'''{{age in years|1986|2018}} years'''}} || {{small|Great grandson of Kamenitzer Maggid}}
|-
|align=center| {{nts|7}} || Ilan Halberstadt || align=center|{{nowrap|May 2018}} ||align=center|{{nowrap|''incumbent''}} ||align=right|{{nowrap|{{age in years and days|2018|05|01}}}} || <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thejc.com/community/community-news/golders-green-shul-recruits-new-minister-1.464923 |title=Golders Green shul recruits new minister |work=[[The Jewish Chronicle]] |date= |access-date= }}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
{{stack|{{portal|London|Judaism}}}}
* [[History of the Jews in England]]
* [[List of Jewish communities in the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of synagogues in the United Kingdom]]
* [[Machzikei Hadas (synagogue)#Machzikei Hadas – name|Machzikei Hadas]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{cite|author=Bernard Homa|title=A Fortress in Anglo-Jewry|publisher=Shapiro-Vallentine|year=1953}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{official website|http://machzikehadath.com/}}
* {{url|mhshul.org}} - The official synagogue website

* [http://www.jewishgen.org/JCR-UK/London/EE_machzike/Index.htm Machzike Hadath Synagogue] on [http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/ ''Jewish Communities and Records - UK''] (hosted by ''jewishgen.org'').
{{Synagogues in the United Kingdom}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:1891 establishments in England]]
[[Category:20th-century synagogues in Europe]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi Jewish culture in England]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi synagogues]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Barnet]]
[[Category:Jewish organizations established in 1891]]
[[Category:Orthodox synagogues in England]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1898]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1983]]
[[Category:Synagogues in London]]
[[Category:Synagogues in London]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1891]]


{{Synagogue-stub}}


{{UK-synagogue-stub}}
[[he:מחזיקי הדת (לונדון)]]

Latest revision as of 13:22, 28 April 2024

For the synagogue in Ottawa, Canada, see Machzikei Hadas.
For the current use of the former Machzike Hadath synagogue, located in Brick Lane, see Brick Lane Mosque.
Machzike Hadath
The synagogue, in 2010
Religion
AffiliationOrthodox Judaism
RiteNusach Ashkenaz
Ecclesiastical or organisational statusSynagogue
LeadershipRabbi Ilan Halberstadt
StatusActive
Location
Location1 Highfield Road, Golders Green, Borough of Barnet, London, England NW11 9LU
CountryUnited Kingdom
Machzike Hadath is located in Greater London
Machzike Hadath
Location of the synagogue in Greater London
Geographic coordinates51°34′46″N 0°12′28″W / 51.5795°N 0.2078°W / 51.5795; -0.2078
Architecture
TypeProtestant chapel
Date established1891 (as a congregation)
Completed
  • 1898 (Brick Lane & Fournier St)
  • 1983 (Highfield Road)
Website
machzikehadath.com

The Machzike Hadath (transliterated from Hebrew as 'Upholders of Faith'[1]), also known as the Spitalfields Great Synagogue, is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on Highfield Road, Golders Green, in the Borough of Barnet, in the East End of London, England, in the United Kingdom. The congregation was formed predominately by Lithuanian Jews in 1891 and was initially located on Brick Lane. The congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite.

History

[edit]

The congregation was established in 1891 as Chevra Machzike Hadath (or Chevrath Machzikei Hadath), transliterated from Hebrew as 'The Society of Strengthened of the Faith'. It was founded by members of the North London Beth Hamedrash in Newington Green Road and members of the Machzike Shomrei Shabbat Synagogue of Booth Street, with whom it merged in 1983. The primary aim of the congregation was to persuade the Chief Rabbi and the community that serious infringements of the laws of kashrut.[2]

In 1898 the congregation acquired premises in Spitalfields, at the corner of Fournier Street and Brick Lane, where they remained for 70 years.[3][4] In 1905 the congregation affiliated with the Federation of Synagogues.[5][1]

The Brick Lane, Spitalfields building, first established in 1743 as a Protestant chapel ("La Neuve Eglise") by London's French Huguenot community[6] and later a Methodist chapel,[7] was used by the congregation as a synagogue from 1898 unto; 1970; where it moved to Golders Green, and the new synagogue was consecrated in 1983.[4] The former Brick Lane synagogue building is now the Brick Lane Mosque.

In the late 1920s the Machzike Hadath sponsored the publication of an edition of the Mishna Berura.

Clergy

[edit]

The following individuals have served as rabbi of the congregation:

Ordinal Officeholder Term started Term ended Time in office Notes
1 Avraham Aba Werner 1891 1912 20–21 years [8]
2 Avraham Yitzchak HaKohen Kook 1912 1919 6–7 years
3 Yechezkel Abramsky 1932 1935 2–3 years
4 Simcha Lopian 1956 1983 26–27 years
5 Dr. Ephraim Yehuda Wiesenberg 1983 1986 2–3 years
6 Chaim Zundel Pearlman 1986 2018 31–32 years Great grandson of Kamenitzer Maggid
7 Ilan Halberstadt May 2018 incumbent 6 years, 217 days [9]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Machzike Hadath Synagogue". Jewish Communities and Records-UK. JewishGen and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain. 14 September 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  2. ^ Apple, Rabbi Dr Raymond (March 2010). "London Jewry in the 1890s: The Religious Controversies". OzTorah. Sydney, Australia: Raymond Apple AO RFD. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  3. ^ Homa, Bernard (1953), A Fortress in Anglo-Jewry, Shapiro-Vallentine
  4. ^ a b Commerford, Patrick (20 January 2020). "Brick Lane Synagogue s a reminder of a once vibrant East End community". An online journal on Anglicanism, theology, spirituality, history, architecture, travel, poetry, beach walks ... and more. Patrick Commerford. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  5. ^ "The former Machzike Hadath Synagogue". Jewish Communities and Records-UK. JewishGen and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  6. ^ Jones, Richard (2006). Frommer's Memorable Walks in London. John Wiley and Sons. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-471-77338-2.
  7. ^ Humphreys, Rob; Bamber, Judith (2003). London. Rough Guides. p. 238. ISBN 978-1-84353-093-0.
  8. ^ Dein, Alan (5 December 2016). "RABBI AVRAHAM ABA WERNER 1912". EAST END PORTRAITS. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  9. ^ "Golders Green shul recruits new minister". The Jewish Chronicle.
[edit]


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