People's Flag Show: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Exhibition in New York}} |
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| ⚫ | '''The People's Flag Show''' was a November 1970 exhibition at [[Judson Memorial Church]] in New York City by [[Faith Ringgold]], |
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[[File:Statement of Artist Jon Hendricks Statutory and Constitutional Responses to the Supreme Court Decision in Texas V. Johnson.png|thumb|500x500px|A statement by Jon Hendricks about the People's Flag Show during hearings on statutory and constitutional responses to the Supreme Court decision in Texas V. Johnson before the Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, 1989]] |
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| ⚫ | '''The People's Flag Show''' was a November 1970 exhibition at [[Judson Memorial Church]] in New York City by [[Faith Ringgold]], [[Jean Toche]] and [[Jon Hendricks (artist)|Jon Hendricks]], known as the '''Judson Three'''. The exhibition was raided by the police and the artists arrested on a charge of [[flag desecration]]. They were convicted and fined $100 each, but this was later overturned with support from the [[New York Civil Liberties Union]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/25/archives/flag-show-artists-fined-100-apiece.html|title=Flag Show Artists Fined $100 Apiece|date=1971-05-25|work=The New York Times|access-date=2020-03-02|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hoodmuseum.dartmouth.edu/news/2013/01/recent-acquisitions-faith-ringgold-peoples-flag-show-1970-and-united-states-attica-1971|title=Recent Acquisitions: Faith Ringgold, People's Flag Show, 1970, and United States of Attica, 1971–72 {{!}} Hood Museum|website=hoodmuseum.dartmouth.edu|date=January 2013 |access-date=2020-03-02}}</ref> |
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The organizers of the exhibition wanted to test the boundaries of “repressive laws governing so-called flag desecration.”<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Opening of the People's Flag Show (9 November 1970) {{!}} 1968 @ 50|url=https://aap68.yale.edu/opening-peoples-flag-show-9-november-1970|access-date=2020-10-20|website=aap68.yale.edu}}</ref> This intent was posted on a flyer calling for artist participation for the week-long event. While the exhibition was not explicitly an antiwar event, it grew out of the antiwar movement, with many of the works included in the exhibition referencing and in some cases expressing disapproval of the [[Vietnam War]]. |
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== Radich v. New York == |
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''The People’s Flag Show'' was inspired by the 1967 conviction of New York art gallery owner Stephen Radich, whose case was pending in the U.S. Supreme Court at the time of the 1970 exhibition. |
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In December 1966, Radich presented sculptures by artist Marc Morrel, who incorporated American flags into works of art criticizing the U.S.’s involvement in Vietnam. In 1967, following the exhibition, Radich was convicted of “casting contempt on the American flag,"<ref>{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=Ken|date=2007-12-26|title=Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/26/arts/26radich.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> thereby “violating a state law against its desecration.”<ref>{{Cite news|last=Glueck|first=Grace|date=1970-11-10|title=A Strange Assortment of Flags Is Displayed at 'People's Show' (Published 1970)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/10/archives/a-strange-assortment-of-flags-is-displayed-at-peoples-show.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |
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Prior to his first appeal in 1967, Radich made the statement that losing the case “could affect the future of art galleries, a very important industry in New York whose right to show new work without interference from police could be severely threatened.”<ref>{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=Ken|date=2007-12-26|title=Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/26/arts/26radich.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Radich's conviction was upheld by the New York State Court of Appeals, prompting Radich to appeal to the United States Supreme Court in 1971. After a vote of 4 to 4, with Justice William O. Douglas taking “no part in the consideration or decision of this case,"<ref>{{Cite web|title=U.S. Reports: Radich v. New York, 401 U.S. 531 (1971).|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/usrep401531/|access-date=2020-10-20|website=Library of Congress}}</ref> the Circuit Court of Appeals ruled “that a tie vote did not represent an actual adjudication, thereby allowing for yet another appeal.”<ref>{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=Ken|date=2007-12-26|title=Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/26/arts/26radich.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> A federal judge finally overturned the conviction in 1974. |
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== Participating Artists == |
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Other participants of the group protest exhibition included feminist writer [[Kate Millett]], political and social activist [[Abbie Hoffman]], as well as choreographer [[Yvonne Rainer]]. |
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In texts referencing Rainer's participation in ''The People’s Flag Show'', the event is often referred to as the "Judson Flag Show.” <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37903473|title=International encyclopedia of dance : a project of Dance Perspectives Foundation, Inc.|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|others=Cohen, Selma Jeanne, 1920-2005., Dance Perspectives Foundation.|isbn=0-19-509462-X|location=New York|oclc=37903473}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Banes, Sally.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48139465|title=Terpsichore in sneakers : post-modern dance|date=1987|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|isbn=0-585-37111-3|location=Middletown, Conn.|oclc=48139465}}</ref> |
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=== Yvonne Rainer’s ''Trio A with Flags'' === |
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Rainer's contribution involved an iteration of her iconic dance, ''[[Trio A]]''. This iteration of the dance, titled “Trio A with Flags,” was performed by Rainer and five members of the [[Grand Union (dance group)|Grand Union]] dance troupe; Barbara Lloyd, [[David Gordon (choreographer)|David Gordon]], Nancy Green, [[Steve Paxton]], and Lincoln Scott.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rainer|first=Yvonne|date=2009|title=Trio A: Genealogy, Documentation, Notation|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0149767700000619|journal=Dance Research Journal|volume=41|issue=2|pages=12–18|doi=10.1017/s0149767700000619|s2cid=191639740 |issn=0149-7677}}</ref> |
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The performers danced ''Trio A'' twice through wearing “only an American flag tied like a bib around the neck."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Banes, Sally.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48139465|title=Terpsichore in sneakers : post-modern dance|date=1987|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|isbn=0-585-37111-3|location=Middletown, Conn.|oclc=48139465}}</ref> The six dancers performed simultaneously but not in unison. |
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Rainer has stated that the performance was “a double protest,” against both censorship and war,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2012-12-18|title=Dance Mom: Yvonne Rainer|url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/culture/dance-mom-yvonne-rainer|access-date=2020-10-20|website=Interview Magazine|language=en-US}}</ref> and in her book, ''WORK 1961-73'', Rainer writes, “To combine the flag and nudity seemed a double-barreled attack on repression and censorship.”<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rainer, Yvonne, 1934-|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1080521|title=Work 1961-73|date=1974|publisher=Press of the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design|isbn=0-8147-7360-5|location=Halifax, N.S.|oclc=1080521}}</ref> |
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==== Re-performances of ''Trio A with Flags'' ==== |
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''Trio A with Flags'' continues to be performed today. On April 22 and 23, 1999, seven dancers performed ''Trio A with Flags'' at Judson Memorial Church as part of a benefit to help raise money for the church.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dunning|first=Jennifer|date=1999-04-24|title=DANCE REVIEW; Earnest Movements Transformed by Time (Published 1999)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/24/arts/dance-review-earnest-movements-transformed-by-time.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> |
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''Trio A with Flags'' has also been restaged at the [[Museum of Modern Art]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yvonne Rainer: Early Dances 1961–1969 {{!}} MoMA|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/events/4711|access-date=2020-10-20|website=The Museum of Modern Art|language=en}}</ref> at the [[Joyce Theater]] with the [[Stephen Petronio]] Company,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Macaulay|first=Alastair|date=2017-03-29|title=Review: Hail the Stars and Stripes, and the Radical Moves (Published 2017)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/29/arts/dance/review-stephen-petronio-bloodlines-joyce-theater-yvonne-rainer-steve-paxton-anna-halprin.html|access-date=2020-10-20|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and at galas and other benefits to both celebrate and help raise money for institutions such as [[Printed Matter, Inc.|Printed Matter]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Peter Moore - Trio A With Flags by Yvonne Rainer, 1970/2019|url=https://www.printedmatter.org/catalog/53411/|access-date=2020-10-20|website=Printed Matter|language=en}}</ref> and [[Performa (performance festival)|Performa]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{Faith Ringgold}} |
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[[Category:Art exhibitions in the United States]] |
[[Category:Art exhibitions in the United States]] |
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[[Category:Flag controversies in the United States]] |
[[Category:Flag controversies in the United States]] |
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[[Category:1970 in New York City]] |
[[Category:1970 in New York City]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Flags in art]] |
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[[Category:Faith Ringgold]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:40, 29 April 2024
The People's Flag Show was a November 1970 exhibition at Judson Memorial Church in New York City by Faith Ringgold, Jean Toche and Jon Hendricks, known as the Judson Three. The exhibition was raided by the police and the artists arrested on a charge of flag desecration. They were convicted and fined $100 each, but this was later overturned with support from the New York Civil Liberties Union.[1][2]
The organizers of the exhibition wanted to test the boundaries of “repressive laws governing so-called flag desecration.”[3] This intent was posted on a flyer calling for artist participation for the week-long event. While the exhibition was not explicitly an antiwar event, it grew out of the antiwar movement, with many of the works included in the exhibition referencing and in some cases expressing disapproval of the Vietnam War.
Radich v. New York
[edit]The People’s Flag Show was inspired by the 1967 conviction of New York art gallery owner Stephen Radich, whose case was pending in the U.S. Supreme Court at the time of the 1970 exhibition.
In December 1966, Radich presented sculptures by artist Marc Morrel, who incorporated American flags into works of art criticizing the U.S.’s involvement in Vietnam. In 1967, following the exhibition, Radich was convicted of “casting contempt on the American flag,"[4] thereby “violating a state law against its desecration.”[5]
Prior to his first appeal in 1967, Radich made the statement that losing the case “could affect the future of art galleries, a very important industry in New York whose right to show new work without interference from police could be severely threatened.”[6] Radich's conviction was upheld by the New York State Court of Appeals, prompting Radich to appeal to the United States Supreme Court in 1971. After a vote of 4 to 4, with Justice William O. Douglas taking “no part in the consideration or decision of this case,"[7] the Circuit Court of Appeals ruled “that a tie vote did not represent an actual adjudication, thereby allowing for yet another appeal.”[8] A federal judge finally overturned the conviction in 1974.
Participating Artists
[edit]Other participants of the group protest exhibition included feminist writer Kate Millett, political and social activist Abbie Hoffman, as well as choreographer Yvonne Rainer.
In texts referencing Rainer's participation in The People’s Flag Show, the event is often referred to as the "Judson Flag Show.” [9][10]
Yvonne Rainer’s Trio A with Flags
[edit]Rainer's contribution involved an iteration of her iconic dance, Trio A. This iteration of the dance, titled “Trio A with Flags,” was performed by Rainer and five members of the Grand Union dance troupe; Barbara Lloyd, David Gordon, Nancy Green, Steve Paxton, and Lincoln Scott.[11]
The performers danced Trio A twice through wearing “only an American flag tied like a bib around the neck."[12] The six dancers performed simultaneously but not in unison.
Rainer has stated that the performance was “a double protest,” against both censorship and war,[13] and in her book, WORK 1961-73, Rainer writes, “To combine the flag and nudity seemed a double-barreled attack on repression and censorship.”[14]
Re-performances of Trio A with Flags
[edit]Trio A with Flags continues to be performed today. On April 22 and 23, 1999, seven dancers performed Trio A with Flags at Judson Memorial Church as part of a benefit to help raise money for the church.[15]
Trio A with Flags has also been restaged at the Museum of Modern Art,[16] at the Joyce Theater with the Stephen Petronio Company,[17] and at galas and other benefits to both celebrate and help raise money for institutions such as Printed Matter[18] and Performa.
References
[edit]- ^ "Flag Show Artists Fined $100 Apiece". The New York Times. 1971-05-25. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-03-02.
- ^ "Recent Acquisitions: Faith Ringgold, People's Flag Show, 1970, and United States of Attica, 1971–72 | Hood Museum". hoodmuseum.dartmouth.edu. January 2013. Retrieved 2020-03-02.
- ^ "The Opening of the People's Flag Show (9 November 1970) | 1968 @ 50". aap68.yale.edu. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Johnson, Ken (2007-12-26). "Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Glueck, Grace (1970-11-10). "A Strange Assortment of Flags Is Displayed at 'People's Show' (Published 1970)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Johnson, Ken (2007-12-26). "Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ "U.S. Reports: Radich v. New York, 401 U.S. 531 (1971)". Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Johnson, Ken (2007-12-26). "Stephen Radich, Owner of Controversial Art Gallery, Is Dead at 85 (Published 2007)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ International encyclopedia of dance : a project of Dance Perspectives Foundation, Inc. Cohen, Selma Jeanne, 1920-2005., Dance Perspectives Foundation. New York: Oxford University Press. 1998. ISBN 0-19-509462-X. OCLC 37903473.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Banes, Sally. (1987). Terpsichore in sneakers : post-modern dance. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0-585-37111-3. OCLC 48139465.
- ^ Rainer, Yvonne (2009). "Trio A: Genealogy, Documentation, Notation". Dance Research Journal. 41 (2): 12–18. doi:10.1017/s0149767700000619. ISSN 0149-7677. S2CID 191639740.
- ^ Banes, Sally. (1987). Terpsichore in sneakers : post-modern dance. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 0-585-37111-3. OCLC 48139465.
- ^ "Dance Mom: Yvonne Rainer". Interview Magazine. 2012-12-18. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Rainer, Yvonne, 1934- (1974). Work 1961-73. Halifax, N.S.: Press of the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design. ISBN 0-8147-7360-5. OCLC 1080521.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Dunning, Jennifer (1999-04-24). "DANCE REVIEW; Earnest Movements Transformed by Time (Published 1999)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ "Yvonne Rainer: Early Dances 1961–1969 | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ Macaulay, Alastair (2017-03-29). "Review: Hail the Stars and Stripes, and the Radical Moves (Published 2017)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-10-20.
- ^ "Peter Moore - Trio A With Flags by Yvonne Rainer, 1970/2019". Printed Matter. Retrieved 2020-10-20.