Random-access channel: Difference between revisions

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A random-access channel (RACH) is a shared channel used by wireless terminals to access the mobile network (TDMA/FDMA, and CDMA based network) for call set-up and bursty data transmission. Whenever mobile wants to make an MO (Mobile Originating) call it schedules the RACH. RACH is transport-layer channel; the corresponding physical-layer channel is PRACH. ^[1]

RACH for GSM standard

Since RACH is shared, there is a probability that two or more mobiles transmit at the same time and their transmissions collide in the medium (air) and they will not be granted access to the network. This happens because limit for number of mobiles transmitting in one RACH time slot is not defined in the GSM standard. If collision happens then mobile waits for random period of time and transmits the RACH again. RACH uses GSM 51 frame multiframe structure in the uplink to transmit information. Mostly TS1 is used but in high capacity GSM cell areas, TS2, TS4 and TS6 is also used for RACH leaving TS0 (mainly used for broadcast frequency). ^[2]

A random-access channel like that of mobile phone networks is also used in the OpenAirMesh network, between cluster heads and mesh routers.^[3]

A key feature of a random-access channel is that messages are not scheduled (compared to, for example, a "dedicated channel" in UMTS, which is assigned exclusively to one user at a time). There is no certainty that only a single device makes a connection attempt at one time, so collisions can result.

References

^ Juha Korhonen (2003). Introduction to 3G Mobile Communications (2nd ed.). Artech House. p. 59. ISBN 9781580535076.
^ "GSM RACH".
^ H. Anouar, C. Bonnet, C., F. Kaltenberger, and R. Knopp (2008), "OpenAirMesh—an experimental platform for cooperative mesh networks", Proceedings of the 1st COST2100 Workshop on MIMO and Cooperative Communications.

External links

[1] Juha Korhonen (2003). Introduction to 3G Mobile Communications (2nd ed.). Artech House. p. 59. ISBN 9781580535076.

[2] "GSM RACH".

[3] H. Anouar, C. Bonnet, C., F. Kaltenberger, and R. Knopp (2008), "OpenAirMesh—an experimental platform for cooperative mesh networks", Proceedings of the 1st COST2100 Workshop on MIMO and Cooperative Communications.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Channel used by wireless terminals}}
 {{Redirect|RACH|other uses|Rach (disambiguation)}}
 {{Refimprove|date=December 2012}}
-A '''random-access channel''' ('''RACH''') is a communication mechanism used by [[mobile phone]]s and other wireless devices on a [[Time Division Multiple Access|TDMA-based network]].  The RACH is used to get the attention of a [[base station]] in order to initially synchronize the device's transmission with the base station. It is a shared channel that is used by wireless access terminals to access the access network (TDMA/FDMA, and CDMA based network) especially for initial access and bursty data transmission.  RACH is [[transport-layer]] channel; the corresponding [[physical-layer]] channel is PRACH.<ref>
+A '''random-access channel''' ('''RACH''') is a shared channel used by wireless [[mobile phone|terminals]] to access the mobile network ([[Time-division multiple access|TDMA]]/[[FDMA]], and [[CDMA]] based network) for call set-up and bursty data transmission. Whenever mobile wants to make an MO (Mobile Originating) call it schedules the RACH. RACH is [[transport-layer]] channel; the corresponding [[physical-layer]] channel is PRACH. <ref> {{cite book
-{{cite book
  | title = Introduction to 3G Mobile Communications
  | edition = 2nd
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
  | isbn = 9781580535076
  | page = 59
- | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=ZvcuAqL418YC&pg=PA59&lpg=PA59#v=onepage&q&f=false
+ | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvcuAqL418YC&pg=PA59
  }}</ref>
+==RACH for GSM standard==
-A random-access channel like that of mobile phone networks is also used in the OpenAirMesh network, between cluster heads and mesh routers.<ref>H. Anouar, C. Bonnet, C., F. Kaltenberger, and R. Knopp (2008),
+Since RACH is shared, there is a probability that two or more mobiles transmit at the same time and their transmissions collide in the medium (air) and they will not be granted access to the network. This happens because limit for number of mobiles transmitting in one RACH time slot is not defined in the GSM standard. If collision happens then mobile waits for random period of time and transmits the RACH again. RACH uses GSM 51 frame multiframe structure in the uplink to transmit information. Mostly TS1 is used but in high capacity GSM cell areas, TS2, TS4 and TS6 is also used for RACH leaving TS0 (mainly used for broadcast frequency). <ref>{{cite web | title= GSM RACH | url= http://www.rfwireless-world.com/Terminology/GSM-RACH-Random-Access-Channel.html}}</ref>
+A random-access channel like that of mobile phone networks is also used in the OpenAirMesh network, between cluster heads and mesh routers.<ref> H. Anouar, C. Bonnet, C., F. Kaltenberger, and R. Knopp (2008),
 "OpenAirMesh—an experimental platform for cooperative mesh networks", Proceedings of the 1st COST2100 Workshop on MIMO and Cooperative Communications.</ref>
 A key feature of a random-access channel is that messages are not scheduled (compared to, for example, a "dedicated channel" in UMTS, which is assigned exclusively to one user at a time). There is no certainty that only a single device makes a connection attempt at one time, so collisions can result.
-the RACH is used to get the attention of a base station in order to initially synchronize the device's transmission with the base station.
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
 ==External links==
-* [http://www.umtsworld.com/technology/cell_access.htm]
+* [http://www.umtsworld.com/technology/cell_access.htm Cell Access]
-* [http://www.3g4g.co.uk/Tutorial/SK/sk_rach_procedure.html]
+* [http://www.3g4g.co.uk/Tutorial/SK/sk_rach_procedure.html RACH Procedure]
 [[Category:Channel access methods]]