St. Louis–New Orleans Stars: Difference between revisions

St. Louis–New Orleans Stars
St. Louis–New Orleans Stars
Information
League	Negro American League (1938–1941); Did not play (1942); Negro National League (II) (1943);
Location	St. Louis, Missouri
Ballpark	Perry Stadium (1938); South End Park (1939, 1941); Pelican Stadium (1940–1941); Island Stadium (1943);
Established	1938
Disbanded	1943
Nickname(s)	Indianapolis ABCs (III) (1938); St. Louis Stars (III) (1939); St. Louis–New Orleans Stars (1940–1941); Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars (1943);

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The St. Louis–New Orleans Stars, originally the Indianapolis ABCs and then the St. Louis Stars, were a major Negro league baseball team that played in the Negro American League from 1938 through 1941. They disbanded for the 1942 season due to financial difficulties but regrouped for the 1943 season in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania as the Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars in the Negro National League before folding for good.

History

Formation as Indianapolis ABCs

One season removed from the failed attempt of the Indianapolis Athletics to revive Negro league baseball in Indiana, a new team was formed in 1938. Hoping to revive the success of years past, the owners named the team the ABCs; the third such team to do so and the first in five years. Almost immediately, financial difficulties forced the team to relocate.

St. Louis Stars

In 1939, the team arrived in St. Louis and again took on the name of a previously successful local team, the St. Louis Stars. This was again the third such named team and the first in two years. This club continued to suffer financial woes and after one season had to resort to splitting their home games between two cities.

St. Louis–New Orleans Stars

For the 1940 and 1941 seasons, the club split its home games between St. Louis and New Orleans and rechristened themselves as the St. Louis–New Orleans Stars. However, having two home cities did nothing to improve their financial difficulties.

Hiatus

In 1942, Allen Johnson, owner of the St. Louis–New Orleans Stars, quit the Negro American League to become part owner of the New York Black Yankees in the Negro National League. He brought George Mitchell along as business manager.^[1] A dispute ensued about whether he was allowed to transfer the Stars players to the Black Yankees; the leagues decided that he could transfer ten players, with the remaining nine players to be distributed among Negro American League teams.^[2]

Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars

In 1943, Johnson and Mitchell established a new Negro National League franchise in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, although they played under the Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars moniker because the majority of the players had previously played for the St. Louis Stars.^[3] By mid-season, they were in conflict with league officials over signing players that were reserved by other teams, and they received permission to drop out of the league in July to barnstorm as the "Bond Bombers" to raise funds for war bonds.^[4] They disbanded for good after the 1943 season.

Players

Home fields

As the Indianapolis ABCs, they played their home games at Perry Stadium (1938).^[5] The St. Louis home games were played at South End Park (1939, 1941),^[6] their New Orleans home games at Pelican Stadium (1940–1941)^[7] and their Harrisburg home games at Island Stadium (1943).^[8]

References

^ "Allen Johnson Invests in N. Y. Black Yanks: St. Louis Stars Owner Quits Western Body". The Chicago Defender. February 21, 1942. p. 23.
^ "Allan Johnson Recites Grievances: Black Yanks Co-Owner in Fighting Mood". The Chicago Defender. March 21, 1942. p. 20. "Eastern Ball Clubs Will Have to Beat Black Yanks". The Chicago Defender. March 28, 1942. p. 19.
^ "Harrisburg New NNL Club; Season Opens May 15: Franchise Granted ex-St. Louis Stars". The Afro-American. April 17, 1943. p. 18. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
^ "NNL Orders Starks and Williams to Yankees". The Afro-American. July 3, 1943. p. 23. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
^ Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 106–107. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.
^ Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. p. 203. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.
^ Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.
^ Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. p. 95. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.

[1] "Allen Johnson Invests in N. Y. Black Yanks: St. Louis Stars Owner Quits Western Body". The Chicago Defender. February 21, 1942. p. 23.

[2] "Allan Johnson Recites Grievances: Black Yanks Co-Owner in Fighting Mood". The Chicago Defender. March 21, 1942. p. 20. "Eastern Ball Clubs Will Have to Beat Black Yanks". The Chicago Defender. March 28, 1942. p. 19.

[3] "Harrisburg New NNL Club; Season Opens May 15: Franchise Granted ex-St. Louis Stars". The Afro-American. April 17, 1943. p. 18. Retrieved March 6, 2013.

[4] "NNL Orders Starks and Williams to Yankees". The Afro-American. July 3, 1943. p. 23. Retrieved March 6, 2013.

[5] Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 106–107. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.

[Lowry-6] Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. p. 203. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.

[7] Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.

[8] Lowry, Philip J. (2006). Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks. New York: Walker Publishing Company, Inc. p. 95. ISBN 0-8027-1562-1.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Negro League franchise
+{{short description|American professional Negro League baseball team}}
+{{Infobox baseball team
-| Name            = New Orleans–St. Louis Stars
+| name = St. Louis–New Orleans Stars
-| Firstseason     = 1938
-| Lastseason      = 1943
+| logo =
+| cap_logo =
-| City            = St. Louis, Missouri
-| Logo            =
+| founded =
+| established = [[1938 in baseball|1938]]
-| Logosize        =
+| disbanded = [[1943 in baseball|1943]]
-| Caplogo         =
-| Caplogosize     =
+| league =
+*[[Negro American League]] (1938–1941)
-| Leagues         =
-*[[Negro American League]] (1938-1941)
 *Did not play (1942)
 *[[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League (II)]] (1943)
+| nickname =
-| Nickname        =
 *'''Indianapolis ABCs''' (III) (1938)
 *'''St. Louis Stars''' (III) (1939)
-*'''New Orleans–St. Louis Stars''' (1940-1941)
+*'''St. Louis–New Orleans Stars''' (1940–1941)
 *'''Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars''' (1943)
+| city = [[St. Louis, Missouri]]
-| Ballpark        =
+| ballpark =
 *[[Bush Stadium|Perry Stadium]] (1938)
 *[[South End Park]] (1939, 1941)
-*[[Pelican Stadium]] (1941)
+*[[Pelican Stadium]] (1940–1941)
 *[[City Island (Pennsylvania)|Island Stadium]] (1943)
-| Leaguechamps    =
-| WSerieschamps   =
 }}
-The '''New Orleans–St. Louis Stars''', originally the '''Indianapolis ABCs''' and then the '''St. Louis Stars''', were a major [[Negro league baseball]] team that played in the [[Negro American League]] from 1938 through 1941.  They disbanded for the 1942 season due to financial difficulties but regrouped for the 1943 season in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]] as the '''Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars''' in the [[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League]] before folding for good.
+The '''St. Louis–New Orleans Stars''', originally the '''Indianapolis ABCs''' and then the '''St. Louis Stars''', were a major [[Negro league baseball]] team that played in the [[Negro American League]] from 1938 through 1941. They disbanded for the 1942 season due to financial difficulties but regrouped for the 1943 season in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]] as the '''Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars''' in the [[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League]] before folding for good.
 == History ==
+{{For-text|a list of annual win-loss records|[[List of St. Louis–New Orleans Stars seasons]]}}
 === Formation as Indianapolis ABCs ===
-{{For2|other teams with this name|[[Indianapolis ABCs (disambiguation)]]}}
+{{for|other teams with this name|Indianapolis ABCs (disambiguation)}}
 One season removed from the failed attempt of the [[Indianapolis Athletics]] to revive Negro league baseball in Indiana, a new team was formed in 1938.  Hoping to revive the success of years past, the owners named the team the ABCs; the third such team to do so and the first in five years.  Almost immediately, financial difficulties forced the team to relocate.
 === St. Louis Stars ===
-{{For2|other teams with this name|[[St. Louis Stars (disambiguation)]]}}
+{{for|other teams with this name|St. Louis Stars (disambiguation)}}
-In 1939, the team arrived in St. Louis and again took on the name of a previous successful local team, the St. Louis Stars.  This was again the third such named team and first in two years. This club continued to suffered financial woes and after one season had to resort to splitting their home games between two cities.
+In 1939, the team arrived in St. Louis and again took on the name of a previously successful local team, the St. Louis Stars.  This was again the third such named team and the first in two years. This club continued to suffer financial woes and after one season had to resort to splitting their home games between two cities.
-=== New Orleans–St. Louis Stars ===
+=== St. Louis–New Orleans Stars ===
-For the 1940 and 1941 seasons, the club split its home games between St. Louis and [[New Orleans]] and rechristened themselves as the New Orleans–St. Louis Stars.  However, having two home cities did nothing to improve their financial difficulties.
+For the 1940 and 1941 seasons, the club split its home games between St. Louis and [[New Orleans]] and rechristened themselves as the St. Louis–New Orleans Stars.  However, having two home cities did nothing to improve their financial difficulties.
 === Hiatus ===
-In 1942, Allen Johnson, owner of the New Orleans–St. Louis Stars, quit the Negro American League to become part owner of the [[New York Black Yankees]] in the [[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League]]. He brought George Mitchell along as business manager.<ref>{{cite news |title=Allen Johnson Invests in N. Y. Black Yanks: St. Louis Stars Owner Quits Western Body |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=February 21, 1942 |page=23}}</ref> A dispute ensued about whether he was allowed to transfer the Stars players to the Black Yankees; the leagues decided that he could transfer ten players, with the remaining nine players to be distributed among Negro American League teams.<ref>{{cite news |title=Allan Johnson Recites Grievances: Black Yanks Co-Owner in Fighting Mood |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=March 21, 1942 |page=20}} {{cite news |title=Eastern Ball Clubs Will Have to Beat Black Yanks |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=March 28, 1942 |page=19}}</ref>
+In 1942, Allen Johnson, owner of the St. Louis–New Orleans Stars, quit the Negro American League to become part owner of the [[New York Black Yankees]] in the [[Negro National League (1933–1948)|Negro National League]]. He brought George Mitchell along as business manager.<ref>{{cite news |title=Allen Johnson Invests in N. Y. Black Yanks: St. Louis Stars Owner Quits Western Body |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=February 21, 1942 |page=23}}</ref> A dispute ensued about whether he was allowed to transfer the Stars players to the Black Yankees; the leagues decided that he could transfer ten players, with the remaining nine players to be distributed among Negro American League teams.<ref>{{cite news |title=Allan Johnson Recites Grievances: Black Yanks Co-Owner in Fighting Mood |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=March 21, 1942 |page=20}} {{cite news |title=Eastern Ball Clubs Will Have to Beat Black Yanks |newspaper=The Chicago Defender |date=March 28, 1942 |page=19}}</ref>
 === Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars ===
 In 1943, Johnson and Mitchell established a new Negro National League franchise in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]], although they played under the Harrisburg–St. Louis Stars moniker because the majority of the players had previously played for the St. Louis Stars.<ref>{{cite news |title=Harrisburg New NNL Club; Season Opens May 15: Franchise Granted ex-St. Louis Stars |newspaper=The Afro-American |date=April 17, 1943 |page=18 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0ugmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=FAMGAAAAIBAJ&pg=5846%2C1510744 |access-date=March 6, 2013}}</ref> By mid-season, they were in conflict with league officials over signing players that were reserved by other teams, and they received permission to drop out of the league in July to barnstorm as the "Bond Bombers" to raise funds for war bonds.<ref>{{cite news |title=NNL Orders Starks and Williams to Yankees |newspaper=The Afro-American |date=July 3, 1943 |page=23 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3egmAAAAIBAJ&sjid=FAMGAAAAIBAJ&pg=1981%2C4006084 |access-date=March 6, 2013}}</ref> They disbanded for good after the 1943 season.
+== Players ==
+{{Main list|St. Louis–New Orleans Stars all-time roster}}
 == Home fields ==
-As the Indianapolis ABCs, they played their home games at [[Bush Stadium|Perry Stadium]] (1938).<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/106 106–107] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/106 }}</ref> The St. Louis home games were played at [[South End Park]] (1939, 1941),<ref name="Lowry">{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/203 203] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/203 }}</ref>  their New Orleans home games at [[Pelican Stadium]] (1941)<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/144 144–145] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/144 }}</ref> and their Harrisburg home games at [[Island Stadium]] (1943).<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/95 95] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/95 }}</ref>
+As the Indianapolis ABCs, they played their home games at [[Bush Stadium|Perry Stadium]] (1938).<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/106 106–107] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/106 }}</ref> The St. Louis home games were played at [[South End Park]] (1939, 1941),<ref name="Lowry">{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/203 203] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/203 }}</ref>  their New Orleans home games at [[Pelican Stadium]] (1940–1941)<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/144 144–145] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/144 }}</ref> and their Harrisburg home games at [[Island Stadium]] (1943).<ref>{{cite book |title=Green Cathedrals: The Ultimate Celebration of Major League and Negro League Ballparks |last=Lowry |first=Philip J. |year=2006 |publisher=Walker Publishing Company, Inc. |location=New York |isbn=0-8027-1562-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/95 95] |url=https://archive.org/details/greencathedralsu0000lowr_u1c9/page/95 }}</ref>
 == References ==
 {{reflist}}
+{{St. Louis–New Orleans Stars}}
-{{Negro League teams|Majorleague}}
+{{Negro American League}}
+{{Negro National League (1933–1948)}}
+{{Negro League teams}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:New Orleans-St. Louis Stars}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Louis New Orleans Stars}}
 [[Category:Negro league baseball teams]]
 [[Category:Sports in Indianapolis]]

v t e Negro American League (1937–1962)
Pre-integration (1937–1948)	Atlanta Black Crackers/Indianapolis ABCs (IV) (1938–1939) Birmingham Black Barons (1937–1938, 1940–1962) Chicago American Giants (1937–1952) Cincinnati Tigers (1937) Cincinnati/Cleveland/Louisville Buckeyes (1942–1950) Detroit Stars (III) (1937) Indianapolis Athletics (1937) Cincinnati/Indianapolis Clowns (1943–1954) Toledo/Indianapolis Crawfords (1939–1940) Jacksonville Red Caps/Cleveland Bears (1938–1942) Kansas City Monarchs (1937–1962) Memphis Red Sox (1937–1959) St. Louis Stars (II) (1937) Indianapolis ABCs (II)/New Orleans–St. Louis Stars (1938–1941)
Post-integration (1949–1962)	Baltimore Elite Giants (1949–1951) Detroit Stars/Clowns/Detroit–New Orleans Stars (1954–1960) Houston/New Orleans Eagles (1949–1951) Louisville Clippers (1954) Mobile Havana Cuban Giants (1957) New Orleans Crescent Stars (1957) Newark Indians (1959) New York Cubans (1949–1950) Philadelphia Stars (1949–1952) Raleigh Tigers (1959–1962)
Years in parentheses are years as a full member in the Negro American League. Years as an associate team are not noted.