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{{Short description|Species of plant}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Sarcostemma acidum''
| image = Sarcostemma acidum(Roxb)Voigt.jpg
| image = Sarcostemma acidum(Roxb)Voigt.jpg
| image_caption = ''Sarcostemma acidum''
| image_caption = ''Cynanchum acidum''
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| genus = Cynanchum
⚫
| species = acidum
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| authority = ([[Roxb.]]) [[Lorenz Oken|Oken]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| synonyms =
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
*''Asclepias acida'' <small>Roxb.</small>
| ordo = [[Gentianales]]
*''Asclepias aphylla'' <small>Roxb. ex Wight</small>
| familia = [[Apocynaceae]]
*''Sarcostemma acidum'' <small>(Roxb.) Voigt</small>
| subfamilia = [[Asclepiadoideae]]
*''Sarcostemma brevistigma'' <small>Wight & Arn.</small>
| tribus = [[Asclepiadeae]]
}}
| subtribus = [[Cynanchinae]]
| genus = ''[[Sarcostemma]]''
⚫
| species = '''''S. acidum'''''
| binomial = ''Sarcostemma acidum''
| binomial_authority = ([[William Roxburgh]]) ([[Joachim Otto Voigt]])
| synonyms = *''Asclepias acida'' Roxb. *''Cynanchum acidum'' (Roxb.) Oken}}


'''''Sarcostemma acidum'''''<ref>{{cite book |last= Quattrocchi |first= Umberto |date= 2016 |title= CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-37OBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA3328&dq=sarcostemma+acidum&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7wbnhjsXWAhVMOY8KHWslBJQQ6AEIIzAA#v=onepage&q=sarcostemma%20acidum&f=false |publisher= CRC Press |page= 3328}}</ref> (a name established in 1845 by [[Joachim Otto Voigt]]), is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Apocynaceae]] and is typically found in the valleys and sub tropical mountains in the [[Himalayas]]. The plant is religiously linked to [[Hinduism]] and is believed to be a major ingredient of the [[soma (drink)|Soma]] in Ancient India.<ref>{{cite book |last= Singh |first= N. P. |date= 1988 |title= Flora of Eastern Karnataka, Volume 1 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=6-g-nU3bTjcC&pg=PA416&dq=soma&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7wbnhjsXWAhVMOY8KHWslBJQQ6AEITjAH#v=onepage&q=Soma&f=false |publisher= Mittal Publications |page= 416}}</ref>
'''''Cynanchum acidum''''' is a species of flowering plant in the family [[Apocynaceae]], typically found in the arid parts of peninsular<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/sarcostemma-acidum|title = Vikaspedia Domains}}</ref> India where it is used in religious sacrifices. The plant is religiously linked to [[Hinduism]] and is believed to be a major ingredient of the [[soma (drink)|Soma]] in Ancient India.<ref>{{cite book |last= Singh |first= N. P. |date= 1988 |title= Flora of Eastern Karnataka, Volume 1 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=6-g-nU3bTjcC&q=Soma&pg=PA416 |publisher= Mittal Publications |page= 416|isbn= 9788170990673 }}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
''Cynanchum acidum'' is a perennial leafless, jointed shrub with green, cylindrical, fleshy glabrous with twining branches having milky white latex and with its leaves reduced to scales. Its flowers are white or pale greenish white, are fragrant and grow in umbels on branch extremities. The fruits follicles taper at both ends; seeds are flat, ovate, comose. This leafless plant grows in rocky, sterile places all over India.


==Uses==
⚫
Sarcostemma acidum is a perennial leafless, jointed shrub with green, cylindrical, fleshy glabrous with twining branches having milky white latex and with its leaves reduced to scales. Its flowers are white or pale greenish white, are fragrant and grow in umbels on branch extremities. The fruits follicles taper at both ends, seeds are flat, ovate. comose. The plant is bitter, acrid, cooling, alterant, narcotic, emetic, antiviral and rejuvenating. It is useful in vitiated conditions of [[Dosha|pitta]], dipsia, viral infection, hydrophobia, psychopathy and general debility.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Warrier |first1= P. K. |last2= Nambiar |first2= V. P. K. |date= 1993 |title= Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species, Volume 5 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=y3_vZIUVVj8C&pg=PA73&dq=sarcostemma+acidum&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjPsNeelsXWAhWLtI8KHZ4TAbIQ6AEILDAC#v=onepage&q=sarcostemma%20acidum&f=false |publisher= Orient Blackswan |page= 73}}</ref>


===As a beverage===
⚫
This leafless plant grows in rocky, sterile places all over [[India]]. The plant yields an abundance of a mildly acidulous milky juice, and travellers like nomadic cowherds suck its tender shoots to allay thirst. Traditional accounts hold that Sarcostemma acidum is the Soma or Som plant of the [[Vedas]]. The Rig Veda, ix. says, the purifying Soma, like the sea rolling its waves, has poured forth songs, hymns and thoughts.<ref>{{cite book |last= Balfour |first= Edward |date= 1885 |title= The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia: Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Products of the Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal Kingdoms, Useful Arts and Manufactures, Volume 3 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=iU0OAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA535&dq=sarcostemma+acidum&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwii686Lk8XWAhUGqo8KHXDlCKQQ6AEIIzAA#v=onepage&q=sarcostemma%20acidum&f=false |publisher= Bernard Quaritch |page= 535}}</ref>
{{main|Soma (drink)|Botanical identity of soma–haoma}}
⚫
The plant yields an abundance of a mildly acidulous milky juice, and travellers like nomadic cowherds suck its tender shoots to allay thirst. Traditional accounts hold that ''Cynanchum acidum'' is the Soma plant of the [[Vedas]]. The ''Rigveda'', ix. says the purifying Soma, like the sea rolling its waves, has poured forth songs, hymns and thoughts.<ref>{{cite book |last= Balfour |first= Edward |date= 1885 |title= The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia: Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Products of the Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal Kingdoms, Useful Arts and Manufactures, Volume 3 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=iU0OAAAAQAAJ&q=Sarcostemma+acidum&pg=PA535 |publisher= Bernard Quaritch |page= 535}}</ref>

===Medicinal===
====India====
⚫
In classical Indian medicine it is considered useful in vitiated conditions of [[Dosha|pitta]], dipsia, viral infection, hydrophobia, psychopathy and general debility.<ref>{{cite book |last1= Warrier |first1= P. K. |last2= Nambiar |first2= V. P. K. |date= 1993 |title= Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species, Volume 5 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=y3_vZIUVVj8C&q=Sarcostemma+acidum&pg=PA73 |publisher= Orient Blackswan |page= 73|isbn= 9788125007630 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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* [http://e-charak.in/echarak/templates/Sarcostemma%20acidum%20(Roxb.)%20Voigt.%20.pdf Sarcostemma acidum (Roxb.) Voigt. - e.Charak]
* [http://e-charak.in/echarak/templates/Sarcostemma%20acidum%20(Roxb.)%20Voigt.%20.pdf Sarcostemma acidum (Roxb.) Voigt. - e.Charak]


{{Taxonbar|from=Q3950495}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q39992194|from2=Q3950495}}

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[[Category:Sarcostemma|acidum]]


⚫
[[Category:Cynanchum|acidum]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Soma (drink)]]


{{Apocynaceae-stub}}
{{Apocynaceae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 01:10, 2 May 2024

Cynanchum acidum
Cynanchum acidum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Apocynaceae
Genus: Cynanchum
Species:
C. acidum
Binomial name
Cynanchum acidum
Synonyms
  • Asclepias acida Roxb.
  • Asclepias aphylla Roxb. ex Wight
  • Sarcostemma acidum (Roxb.) Voigt
  • Sarcostemma brevistigma Wight & Arn.

Cynanchum acidum is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, typically found in the arid parts of peninsular[1] India where it is used in religious sacrifices. The plant is religiously linked to Hinduism and is believed to be a major ingredient of the Soma in Ancient India.[2]

Description

[edit]

Cynanchum acidum is a perennial leafless, jointed shrub with green, cylindrical, fleshy glabrous with twining branches having milky white latex and with its leaves reduced to scales. Its flowers are white or pale greenish white, are fragrant and grow in umbels on branch extremities. The fruits follicles taper at both ends; seeds are flat, ovate, comose. This leafless plant grows in rocky, sterile places all over India.

Uses

[edit]

As a beverage

[edit]
Main articles: Soma (drink) and Botanical identity of soma–haoma

The plant yields an abundance of a mildly acidulous milky juice, and travellers like nomadic cowherds suck its tender shoots to allay thirst. Traditional accounts hold that Cynanchum acidum is the Soma plant of the Vedas. The Rigveda, ix. says the purifying Soma, like the sea rolling its waves, has poured forth songs, hymns and thoughts.[3]

Medicinal

[edit]

India

[edit]

In classical Indian medicine it is considered useful in vitiated conditions of pitta, dipsia, viral infection, hydrophobia, psychopathy and general debility.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Vikaspedia Domains".
  2. ^ Singh, N. P. (1988). Flora of Eastern Karnataka, Volume 1. Mittal Publications. p. 416. ISBN 9788170990673.
  3. ^ Balfour, Edward (1885). The Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia: Commercial, Industrial and Scientific, Products of the Mineral, Vegetable, and Animal Kingdoms, Useful Arts and Manufactures, Volume 3. Bernard Quaritch. p. 535.
  4. ^ Warrier, P. K.; Nambiar, V. P. K. (1993). Indian Medicinal Plants: A Compendium of 500 Species, Volume 5. Orient Blackswan. p. 73. ISBN 9788125007630.
[edit]
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