British D-class submarine: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Type of British submarines in service before WWI}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}} |
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{{Use British English|date=March 2017}} |
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{|{{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2}} |
{|{{Infobox ship begin|sclass=2}} |
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{{Infobox ship image |
{{Infobox ship image |
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|Ship image= |
|Ship image=HMS D1 (WWI).jpg |
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|Ship caption=HMS ''D1'' |
|Ship caption=HMS ''D1'' |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Infobox ship class overview |
{{Infobox ship class overview |
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|Name=D |
|Name=D-class |
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|Builders=[[Vickers Limited|Vickers]], [[Barrow-in-Furness|Barrow]] |
|Builders=*[[Vickers Limited|Vickers]], [[Barrow-in-Furness|Barrow]] |
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[[Chatham Dockyard|HM Dockyard, Chatham]] |
*[[Chatham Dockyard|HM Dockyard, Chatham]] |
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|Operators={{navy| |
|Operators={{navy|United Kingdom}} |
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|Class before=[[British C-class submarine|C class]] |
|Class before=[[British C-class submarine|C class]] |
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|Class after=[[British E-class submarine|E class]] |
|Class after=[[British E-class submarine|E class]] |
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|Header caption= |
|Header caption= |
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|Ship type=[[Submarine]] |
|Ship type=[[Submarine]] |
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|Ship displacement |
|Ship displacement= 483 [[ton]]s surfaced / 595 tons submerged |
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|Ship length={{convert|163.0|ft|m|abbr=on}} (oa) |
|Ship length={{convert|163.0|ft|m|abbr=on}} (oa) |
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|Ship beam={{convert|13.6|ft|m|abbr=on}} (oa) |
|Ship beam={{convert|13.6|ft|m|abbr=on}} (oa) |
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|Ship draft= |
|Ship draft= |
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|Ship propulsion={{convert|550|hp|abbr=on}} electric 1750 [[horsepower|hp]] diesel twin screws |
|Ship propulsion={{convert|550|hp|abbr=on}} electric 1750 [[horsepower|hp]] diesel twin screws |
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|Ship speed |
|Ship speed=14.0 [[knot (unit)|kn]] surfaced / 10.0 (design) 9.0 (service) submerged |
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|Ship range= |
|Ship range=2500 [[nautical mile|nmi]] at 10 kn, surface / 45 nmi at 5 kn, submerged |Ship endurance= |
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|Ship test depth= |
|Ship test depth= |
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|Ship complement=25 |
|Ship complement=25 |
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|Ship sensors= |
|Ship sensors= |
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|Ship EW= |
|Ship EW= |
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|Ship armament= |
|Ship armament=*3 × [[British 18 inch torpedo|18-inch (45-cm) torpedo tubes]] (2 forward, one aft, 6 [[torpedo]]es)<ref>Fitzsimons, Bernard. ''Illustrated Encyclopedia of 20th Century Weapons and Warfare'' (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 7, p.674, "''D.1''".</ref> |
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1 × [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|12-pounder (76 mm) QF gun]]<ref>Fitzsimons, p.674.</ref> |
*1 × [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|12-pounder (76 mm) QF gun]]<ref>Fitzsimons, p.674.</ref> |
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|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes= |
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}} |
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The '''D-class submarine''' was the [[Royal Navy]]'s first [[Ship class|class]] of [[submarine]]s capable of operating significantly beyond coastal waters. They were also the first boats to be fitted with wireless |
The '''D-class submarine''' was the [[Royal Navy]]'s first [[Ship class|class]] of [[submarine]]s capable of operating significantly beyond coastal waters. They were also the first boats to be fitted with [[wireless transmitter]]s. Ten were laid down between 1907 and 1910, though only 8 were completed as D-class boats. The final two hulls were completed as [[British E-class submarine]]. |
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==Design and description== |
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==Specification== |
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The patrol submarines evolved from the [[British C-class submarine|C-class boats]]. They were designed to be propelled by diesel motors on the surface to avoid the problems with petrol engines experienced with the [[A-class submarine (1903)|A class]]. These boats were designed for foreign service with an endurance of {{convert|2500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10|kn|lk=in}} on the surface and much improved living conditions for a larger crew. |
The patrol submarines evolved from the [[British C-class submarine|C-class boats]]. They were designed to be propelled by diesel motors on the surface to avoid the problems with petrol engines experienced with the [[A-class submarine (1903)|A class]]. These boats were designed for foreign service with an endurance of {{convert|2500|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|10|kn|lk=in}} on the surface and much improved living conditions for a larger crew. |
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[[File:HMS d1 rnsm.jpg|thumb|right|A model of HMS ''D1'']] |
[[File:HMS d1 rnsm.jpg|thumb|right|A model of HMS ''D1'']] |
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Eight D-class boats were built: |
Eight D-class boats were built: |
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{{columns |bgcol=white |width=8.5em |gap=3.25em |
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|col1 = |
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* {{HMS|D1}} |
* {{HMS|D1}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
* {{HMS|D5}} |
* {{HMS|D5}} |
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|col2 = |
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| ⚫ | |||
* {{HMS|D6}} |
* {{HMS|D6}} |
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|col3 = |
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| ⚫ | |||
* {{HMS|D7}} |
* {{HMS|D7}} |
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|col4 = |
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| ⚫ | |||
* {{HMS|D8}} |
* {{HMS|D8}} |
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}} |
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There were plans for a further two, ''D9'' and ''D10'', but these were launched at Chatham Dockyard as {{HMS|E1}} and {{HMS|E2}}. |
There were plans for a further two, ''D9'' and ''D10'', but these were launched at Chatham Dockyard as {{HMS|E1}} and {{HMS|E2}}. |
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* Not to be confused with the [[United States D-class submarine]] of 1909-1910. |
* Not to be confused with the [[United States D-class submarine]] of 1909-1910. |
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== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist|30em}} |
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== |
===Works cited=== |
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* {{cite book|last=Akermann|first=Paul|title=Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955|edition=reprint of the 1989|year=2002|publisher=Periscope Publishing|location=Penzance, Cornwall|isbn=1-904381-05-7}} |
* {{cite book|last=Akermann|first=Paul|title=Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955|edition=reprint of the 1989|year=2002|publisher=Periscope Publishing|location=Penzance, Cornwall|isbn=1-904381-05-7}} |
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*{{ |
*{{Cite Colledge2006}} |
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* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships |
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner|editor1-first=Robert|editor2-last=Gray|editor2-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press|isbn=0-85177-245-5|name-list-style=amp}} |
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*{{cite web|url=http:// |
*{{cite web|url=http://rnsubs.co.uk/dits-bits/br-3043.html |title=The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043) |last=Harrison |first=A. N. |date=January 1979 |publisher=RN Subs |access-date=27 September 2022}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category|British D class submarines}} |
{{Commons category|British D class submarines}} |
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*[http:// |
*[http://rnsubs.co.uk/boats/subs/d-class.html RN Subs 1907–1919: D Class] |
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*[http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/class_overviews/d_class_overview.htm MaritimeQuest D Class Overview] |
*[http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/great_britain/submarines/pages/class_overviews/d_class_overview.htm MaritimeQuest D Class Overview] |
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{{British D class submarine}} |
{{British D class submarine}} |
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{{WWI British ships}} |
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{{WWIBritishShips}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:British D Class Submarine}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:British D Class Submarine}} |
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Latest revision as of 13:06, 4 May 2024
.jpg) HMS D1
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | D-class |
| Builders | |
| Operators |  Royal Navy |
| Preceded by | C class |
| Succeeded by | E class |
| Completed | 8 |
| Lost | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Submarine |
| Displacement | 483 tons surfaced / 595 tons submerged |
| Length | 163.0 ft (49.7 m) (oa) |
| Beam | 13.6 ft (4.1 m) (oa) |
| Propulsion | 550 hp (410 kW) electric 1750 hp diesel twin screws |
| Speed | 14.0 kn surfaced / 10.0 (design) 9.0 (service) submerged |
| Range | 2500 nmi at 10 kn, surface / 45 nmi at 5 kn, submerged |
| Complement | 25 |
| Armament |
|
The D-class submarine was the Royal Navy's first class of submarines capable of operating significantly beyond coastal waters. They were also the first boats to be fitted with wireless transmitters. Ten were laid down between 1907 and 1910, though only 8 were completed as D-class boats. The final two hulls were completed as British E-class submarine.
Design and description
[edit]The patrol submarines evolved from the C-class boats. They were designed to be propelled by diesel motors on the surface to avoid the problems with petrol engines experienced with the A class. These boats were designed for foreign service with an endurance of 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km; 2,900 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) on the surface and much improved living conditions for a larger crew.
D-class boats were fitted with twin screws for greater manoeuvrability and were fitted with saddle tanks. The D class were the first submarines to be equipped with deck guns forward of the conning tower beginning with D6. Also, reserve buoyancy was increased to 20.6%. Armament also included three 18-inch (460 mm) torpedo tubes (2 vertically in the bow and 1 in the stern). The D class was also the first class of British submarines to have standard radio fitted. The aerial was attached to the mast of the conning tower that was lowered before diving.
With their enlarged bridge structure the boat profile was recognisably that of the modern submarine. The D-class submarines were considered to be so innovative that the prototype, D1, was built in utmost secrecy in a securely guarded building shed. She was launched at Barrow with equal secrecy, with only departmental heads and a few officers from the cruiser HMS Mercury, that was currently in dock being present. Once moved to the fitting out berth, she was once again screened from view.
The boats cost between £79,910 and £89,410 each excluding the deck gun.
Operations
[edit]The D class were based at Harwich, Immingham, Blyth and Dover. Their wartime role was to sink German warships. In the latter stages of World War I the D class were used for training crews based at Portsmouth.
During World War I the boats patrolled the North Sea and the Heligoland Bight, and protected cross channel troopships. During the war, four boats (D2, D3, D5, and D6) were lost, and the remainder (D4, D7, and D8) were paid off in July 1919.
Boats
[edit]
Eight D-class boats were built:
There were plans for a further two, D9 and D10, but these were launched at Chatham Dockyard as HMS E1 and HMS E2.
See also
[edit]- Not to be confused with the United States D-class submarine of 1909-1910.
References
[edit]Works cited
[edit]- Akermann, Paul (2002). Encyclopaedia of British Submarines 1901–1955 (reprint of the 1989 ed.). Penzance, Cornwall: Periscope Publishing. ISBN 1-904381-05-7.
- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Harrison, A. N. (January 1979). "The Development of HM Submarines From Holland No. 1 (1901) to Porpoise (1930) (BR3043)". RN Subs. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
External links
[edit]