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Nicomedes II

King of Bithynia
Reign	149 – 127 BC
Predecessor	Prusias II
Successor	Nicomedes III

Born	Bithynia (modern-day Turkey)
Died	127 BC Nicomedia (modern-day İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey)
Issue	Nicomedes III Nysa
Greek	Νικομήδης Β΄
Father	Prusias II
Mother	Apame IV
Religion	Greek Polytheism

Nicomedes II Epiphanes (Greek: Νικομήδης ὁ Ἐπιφανής "Nicomedes God-Manifest") was the king of Bithynia from 149 to c. 127 BC. He was fourth in descent from Nicomedes I. Nicomedes II was the son and successor of Prusias II and Apame IV. His parents were related as they were maternal cousins.

Life

[edit]

He was so popular with the people that his father sent him to Rome to limit his influence. However, in Rome, he also gained favor from the Roman Senate, forcing Prusias to send an emissary named Menas with secret orders to assassinate him.^[1] But the emissary revealed the plot, and persuaded the prince to rebel against his father.^[2]

Supported by Attalus II Philadelphus, king of Pergamon, he was completely successful, and ordered his father to be put to death at Nicomedia.^[3] During his long reign Nicomedes adhered steadily to the Roman alliance, and assisted them against the pretender to the throne of Pergamon Eumenes III. He was succeeded by his son Nicomedes III.

Nicomedes introduced the Bithynian era for numbering years on his coins. This system was to last in parts of the Greek world down to the 4th century AD.^[4]

References

[edit]

^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.
^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars.
^ Appian. The Mithridatic Wars. Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.
^ Jakob Munk Højte, "From Kingdom to Province: Reshaping Pontos after the Fall of Mithridates VI", in Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen (ed.), Rome and the Black Sea Region: Domination, Romanisation, Resistance (Aarhus University Press, 2006), 15–30.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nicomedes II.". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 664.

Preceded by Prusias II	King of Bithynia 149 BC – 127 BC	Succeeded by Nicomedes III

v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|King of Bithynia, 149 – 127 BC}}
 {{Infobox royalty
-| name               = Nicomedes II "God-Manifest"
+| name               = Nicomedes II
 | succession         = [[King]] of [[Bithynia]]
 | image              = Nicomedes II of Bithynia.jpg
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 | successor          = [[Nicomedes III of Bithynia|Nicomedes III]]
 | birth_date         =
-| birth_place        = Bithynia
+| birth_place        = Bithynia<br />(modern-day [[Turkey]])
 | death_date         = 127 BC
-| death_place        = [[Nicomedia]]
+| death_place        = [[Nicomedia]]<br />(modern-day [[İzmit]], [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]], [[Turkey]])
-| issue              = [[Nicomedes III of Bithynia|Nicomedes III]]
+| issue              = [[Nicomedes III of Bithynia|Nicomedes III]]<br>[[Nysa (wife of Nicomedes IV)|Nysa]]
 | father             = Prusias II
 | mother             = [[Apame IV]]
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 | image_size         =
 | native_lang1       = Greek
-| native_lang1_name1 = {{lang|grc|Νικομήδης}}
+| native_lang1_name1 = {{lang|grc|Νικομήδης Β΄}}
 | queen              =
 | royal house        =
 }}
-'''Nicomedes II Epiphanes''' ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]]: Νικομήδης ὁ Ἐπιφανής) was the king of [[Bithynia]] from 149 to c. 127 BC. He was fourth in descent from [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]]. Nicomedes II was the son and successor of [[Prusias II of Bithynia|Prusias II]] and [[Apame IV]]. His parents were related as they were maternal cousins.
+'''Nicomedes II Epiphanes''' ([[Ancient Greek|Greek]]: Νικομήδης ὁ Ἐπιφανής "Nicomedes God-Manifest") was the king of [[Bithynia]] from 149 to c. 127 BC. He was fourth in descent from [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]]. Nicomedes II was the son and successor of [[Prusias II of Bithynia|Prusias II]] and [[Apame IV]]. His parents were related as they were maternal cousins.
 ==Life==
-He was so popular with the people that his father sent him to [[Rome]] to limit his influence. However, in Rome, he also gained favor from the [[Roman Senate]], forcing Prusias to send an emissary named Menas with secret orders to assassinate him.<ref>{{citebook|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=http://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote= He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.}}</ref> But the emissary revealed the plot, and persuaded the prince to rebel against his father.<ref>{{citebook|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=http://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/}}</ref>
+He was so popular with the people that his father sent him to [[Rome]] to limit his influence. However, in Rome, he also gained favor from the [[Roman Senate]], forcing Prusias to send an emissary named Menas with secret orders to assassinate him.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote= He sent Menas as his fellow ambassador, and told him if he should secure a remission of the payments to spare Nicomedes, but if not, to kill him at Rome.}}</ref> But the emissary revealed the plot, and persuaded the prince to rebel against his father.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-1/}}</ref>
-Supported by [[Attalus II Philadelphus]], king of [[Pergamon]], he was completely successful, and ordered his father to be put to death at [[Nicomedia]].<ref>{{citebook|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=http://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote=Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.}}</ref> During his long reign Nicomedes adhered steadily to the Roman alliance, and assisted them against  the pretender to the throne of Pergamon [[Eumenes III]]. He was succeeded by his son [[Nicomedes III of Bithynia|Nicomedes III]].
+Supported by [[Attalus II Philadelphus]], king of [[Pergamon]], he was completely successful, and ordered his father to be put to death at [[Nicomedia]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Appian|title=The Mithridatic Wars|url=https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2/?#7|quote=Prusias fled to the temple of Zeus, where he was stabbed by some of the emissaries of Nicomedes.}}</ref> During his long reign Nicomedes adhered steadily to the Roman alliance, and assisted them against  the pretender to the throne of Pergamon [[Eumenes III]]. He was succeeded by his son [[Nicomedes III of Bithynia|Nicomedes III]].
+Nicomedes introduced the [[Bithynian era]] for numbering years on his coins. This system was to last in parts of the Greek world down to the 4th century AD.<ref name=Højte>Jakob Munk Højte, "From Kingdom to Province: Reshaping Pontos after the Fall of Mithridates VI", in Tønnes Bekker-Nielsen (ed.), ''Rome and the Black Sea Region: Domination, Romanisation, Resistance'' (Aarhus University Press, 2006), 15–30.</ref>
 ==References==
@@ Line 43: / Line 44: @@
 {{Hellenistic rulers}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Nicomedes 02 Of Bithynia}}
-[[Category:2nd-century BC rulers]]
 [[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
 [[Category:127 BC deaths]]
-[[Category:Kings of Bithynia]]
+[[Category:Monarchs of Bithynia]]
+[[Category:2nd-century BC Kings of Bithynia]]
 {{MEast-royal-stub}}