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{{short description|Australian Aboriginal teacher and businesswoman}} |
{{short description|Australian Aboriginal teacher and businesswoman}} |
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'''Lucy Beeton''' (or '''Beadon'''; 14 May 1829 – 7 July 1886) was an [[Aboriginal Tasmanian]] schoolteacher and |
'''Lucy Beeton''' (or '''Beadon'''; 14 May 1829 – 7 July 1886) was an [[Aboriginal Tasmanian]] schoolteacher, trader and Christian leader.<ref name="adb" /> |
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== Early life and family == |
== Early life and family == |
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Beeton was born on [[Vansittart Island (Tasmania)|Gun Carriage Island]], part of the [[Furneaux Group]] in the eastern [[Bass Strait]], in what was then the colony of [[Van Diemen's Land]]. She and her family also lived on [[Badger Island]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Biography - Lucy Beeton - Indigenous Australia|url=https://ia.anu.edu.au/biography/beeton-lucy-12790|access-date=2021-10-13|website=ia.anu.edu.au}}</ref> |
Lucy Beeton was born on [[Vansittart Island (Tasmania)|Gun Carriage Island]], part of the [[Furneaux Group]] in the eastern [[Bass Strait]], in what was then the colony of [[Van Diemen's Land]], now [[Tasmania]] (''Lutruwita).'' She and her family also lived on [[Badger Island]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Biography - Lucy Beeton - Indigenous Australia|url=https://ia.anu.edu.au/biography/beeton-lucy-12790|access-date=2021-10-13|website=ia.anu.edu.au}}</ref> |
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Her father was Thomas Beeton,{{Efn|Alternatively Baden, Beadon, or Beedon.}} who was descended from a London Jewish family and had been [[Transportation (punishment)|transported]] to Tasmania in 1817 after mutinying from the [[Royal Navy]]. After completing his sentence in 1824, he established himself as a [[Seal hunting|sealer]] in Bass Strait.<ref name="adb">{{Australian Dictionary of Biography|last=Breen|first=Shayne|year=2005|id2=beeton-lucy-12790|title=Beeton, Lucy (1829–1886)|accessdate=5 August 2015}}</ref> |
Her father was Thomas Beeton,{{Efn|Alternatively Baden, Beadon, or Beedon aka Henry Beadon, James Herbert Beadon}}<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1867-02-02|title=TASMANIA.|work=Sydney Mail|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166803569|access-date=2021-10-14}}</ref> who was descended from a London Jewish family and had been [[Transportation (punishment)|transported]] to Tasmania in 1817 after mutinying from the [[Royal Navy]]. After completing his sentence in 1824, he established himself as a [[Seal hunting|sealer]] in Bass Strait.<ref name="adb">{{Australian Dictionary of Biography|last=Breen|first=Shayne|year=2005|id2=beeton-lucy-12790|title=Beeton, Lucy (1829–1886)|accessdate=5 August 2015}}</ref> Aboriginal women on the islands were abducted and traded by sealers.<ref name=":4" /> In that way, Beeton traded for an Aboriginal woman, known as Bet Smith, to be his wife. Bet Smith, whose [[Tasmanian languages|Palawa]] name was Emmerenna, had been abducted from [[Cape Portland, Tasmania|Cape Portland]] as a child by John Harrington, a sealer, and had been "claimed" by Thomas Tucker, another sealer, after Harrington's death in 1824, who then "sold" her to Beeton.<ref name=":4">Nigel Prickett, [http://press.anu.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/ch22.pdf "Trans-Tasman stories: Australian Aborigines in New Zealand sealing and shore whaling"], in Geoffrey Clark, Foss Leach, and [[Sue O'Connor]] (eds.), ''Terra Australis'', vol. 29, June 2008, ANU Press, pp. 360–361</ref> It is said that Beeton was devoted to his wife and children and did not treat Bet/Emmerenna as a servant as other sealers treated Aboriginal women.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Meet the Queen of the Isles; Lucy Beeton - ABC (none) - Australian Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.abc.net.au/local/audio/2011/03/31/3178452.htm|access-date=2021-10-14|website=www.abc.net.au}}</ref> |
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In 1831, two years after Beeton was born, her father was forced to leave Gun Carriage Island so that [[George Augustus Robinson]], the [[Protector of Aborigines]], could establish an Aboriginal-only settlement. However, Thomas Beeton then requested that his family be allowed to live with him, which was approved by the colony's [[Governor of Tasmania|Lieutenant-Governor]], [[Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet|George Arthur]]. In the meantime, Robinson's settlement had been moved to [[Flinders Island]], allowing the Beeton family to live on Gun Carriage Island. |
In 1831, two years after Lucy Beeton was born, her father was forced to leave Gun Carriage Island so that [[George Augustus Robinson]], the [[Protector of Aborigines]], could establish an Aboriginal-only settlement. Lucy and her mother had to stay in the settlement on the island.<ref name="adb" /> However, Thomas Beeton then requested that his family be allowed to live with him, which was approved by the colony's [[Governor of Tasmania|Lieutenant-Governor]], [[Sir George Arthur, 1st Baronet|George Arthur]]. In the meantime, Robinson's settlement had been moved to [[Flinders Island]], allowing the Beeton family to live on Gun Carriage Island. |
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== Career and faith == |
== Career and faith == |
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As Lucy Beeton grew older, she was taught by her father how to sail and do business, and was later sent to [[George Town, Tasmania|George Town]] and [[Launceston, Tasmania|Launceston]] (on the Tasmanian mainland) to be tutored.<ref name="adb" /> |
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| ⚫ | During her education on mainland |
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| ⚫ | During her education on the mainland and later, Beeton made friends with influential [[Anglican Church of Australia|Church of England]] (now Anglican) clergy such as Archdeacon [[Thomas Reibey]]<ref name="adb" /> and with their help, she established a school on both islands, petitioned the government to fund teachers and taught the local children herself.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> She was respected for her faithful commitment to Christianity and for her leadership, teaching both religious and secular studies and was rewarded for her work with a lifetime lease of Badger Island from 1877.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Skira|first=Irynej|title=I hope you will be my friend: Tasmanian Aborigines in the Furneaux Group in the nineteenth century-population and land tenure|url=https://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p72631/pdf/article0315.pdf|journal=ANU Press}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The Anglican Bishop of Tasmania, [[Francis Nixon (bishop)|Francis Russell Nixon]], wrote in 1854 that Beeton was a great lady, everyone's friend, and that she was "High-minded, and earnest in her Christian profession, she has set herself to work to do good in her generation. From the pure love of those around her, she daily gathers together the children of the sealers, and does her best to impart to them the rudiments both of secular and religious knowledge."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Melbourne|first=National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne|title=Beeton, Lucy - Woman - The Australian Women's Register|url=http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE1161b.htm|access-date=2021-10-13|website=www.womenaustralia.info|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|date=1886-07-12|title=OBITUARY.|work=Daily Telegraph|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article149537731|access-date=2021-10-14}}</ref><ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Cruise of the Beacon, by Francis Russell Nixon (1857)|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/aus/nixon/beacon1854/|access-date=2021-10-14|website=anglicanhistory.org}}</ref> Canon Brownrigg had also visited Beeton and the islands and spoke highly of her.<ref name=":5" /> |
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She worked to reduce the effect of sealers preying on Bass Strait islanders and argued for compensation for Indigenous people who had been dispossessed of their lands.<ref name="adb" /> In 1872 she invited [[Truganini]] to make her home on Badger Island but this offer was not taken up.<ref name="adb" /> |
She worked to reduce the effect of sealers preying on Bass Strait islanders and argued for compensation for Indigenous people who had been dispossessed of their lands.<ref name="adb" /> In 1872 she invited [[Truganini]] to make her home on Badger Island but this offer was not taken up.<ref name="adb" /> |
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Beeton was also well-known at the time as being a trader and businesswoman. She became known as the |
Beeton was also well-known at the time as being a trader and businesswoman. She became known as the "Queen of the Isle"' and the "commodore"<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=1883-03-31|title=VISIT TO THE ISLANDS IN BASS STRAITS, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF WHAT I SAW AND HEARD THERE.|work=Launceston Examiner|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article38282733|access-date=2021-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Tapp|first=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V-3YBQAAQBAJ&dq=Lucy+Beadon&pg=PA29|title=The Aborigines of Tasmania's Furneaux Group|date=2013|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-304-31955-5|language=en}}</ref> By 1886 she owned her own cutter, "Bella Beeton" and sailed and traded in it with her brother Harry Beeton.<ref>{{Cite web|title=(1886)|url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2930318582|access-date=2021-10-13|website=Trove|language=en}}</ref> She later ran her own sheep and cattle station on Badger Island.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|date=1937-04-22|title=Letters to the Editor.|work=Age|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205618321|access-date=2021-10-13}}</ref> [[Stephen Murray-Smith]] called her, “the most notable personality produced by the second generation of islanders.”<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Murray-Smith |editor-first1=Stephen |last=Brownrigg |first=Marcus |title=Mission to the islands; the missionary voyages in Bass Strait of Cannon Marcus Brownrigg, 1872-1885 |date=1987 |publisher=Foot & Playstead |location=Launceston |isbn=0858530368 |page=xxvi |edition=2nd}}</ref> |
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Lucy Beeton never married but lived with her brothers and |
Lucy Beeton never married but lived with her brothers, James and Henry and their families, in her homestead cottage on Badger Island where she welcomed many visitors and sang hymns.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> She died on Badger Island on 7 July 1886 and was buried there.<ref name="adb" /> News of her death was brought to Launceston on the mainland on 12 July 1886 by Captain Holt who arrived on a boat from Badger Island.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1886-07-12|title=LAUNCESTON.|work=Mercury|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article9124477|access-date=2021-10-14}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> |
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== Legacy == |
== Legacy == |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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* Libraries Tasmania https://stors.tas.gov.au/AB713-1-11765J2K$init=AB713-1-11765 |
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{{authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Beeton, Lucy}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Beeton, Lucy}} |
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[[Category:Australian schoolteachers]] |
[[Category:Australian schoolteachers]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous Tasmanian people]] |
[[Category:Indigenous Tasmanian people]] |
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[[Category:Australian people of English-Jewish descent]] |
[[Category:Australian people of English-Jewish descent]] |
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[[Category:Australian Christians]] |
[[Category:Australian Christians]] |
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[[Category:19th-century Australian educators]] |
[[Category:19th-century Australian educators]] |
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[[Category:19th-century Australian |
[[Category:19th-century Australian businesswomen]] |
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[[Category:19th-century Australian women educators]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous Australian women]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:27, 12 May 2024
Lucy Beeton (or Beadon; 14 May 1829 – 7 July 1886) was an Aboriginal Tasmanian schoolteacher, trader and Christian leader.[1]
Early life and family
[edit]Lucy Beeton was born on Gun Carriage Island, part of the Furneaux Group in the eastern Bass Strait, in what was then the colony of Van Diemen's Land, now Tasmania (Lutruwita). She and her family also lived on Badger Island.[2]
Her father was Thomas Beeton,[a][3] who was descended from a London Jewish family and had been transported to Tasmania in 1817 after mutinying from the Royal Navy. After completing his sentence in 1824, he established himself as a sealer in Bass Strait.[1] Aboriginal women on the islands were abducted and traded by sealers.[4] In that way, Beeton traded for an Aboriginal woman, known as Bet Smith, to be his wife. Bet Smith, whose Palawa name was Emmerenna, had been abducted from Cape Portland as a child by John Harrington, a sealer, and had been "claimed" by Thomas Tucker, another sealer, after Harrington's death in 1824, who then "sold" her to Beeton.[4] It is said that Beeton was devoted to his wife and children and did not treat Bet/Emmerenna as a servant as other sealers treated Aboriginal women.[5]
In 1831, two years after Lucy Beeton was born, her father was forced to leave Gun Carriage Island so that George Augustus Robinson, the Protector of Aborigines, could establish an Aboriginal-only settlement. Lucy and her mother had to stay in the settlement on the island.[1] However, Thomas Beeton then requested that his family be allowed to live with him, which was approved by the colony's Lieutenant-Governor, George Arthur. In the meantime, Robinson's settlement had been moved to Flinders Island, allowing the Beeton family to live on Gun Carriage Island.
Career and faith
[edit]As Lucy Beeton grew older, she was taught by her father how to sail and do business, and was later sent to George Town and Launceston (on the Tasmanian mainland) to be tutored.[1]
During her education on the mainland and later, Beeton made friends with influential Church of England (now Anglican) clergy such as Archdeacon Thomas Reibey[1] and with their help, she established a school on both islands, petitioned the government to fund teachers and taught the local children herself.[2][6] She was respected for her faithful commitment to Christianity and for her leadership, teaching both religious and secular studies and was rewarded for her work with a lifetime lease of Badger Island from 1877.[7][2] The Anglican Bishop of Tasmania, Francis Russell Nixon, wrote in 1854 that Beeton was a great lady, everyone's friend, and that she was "High-minded, and earnest in her Christian profession, she has set herself to work to do good in her generation. From the pure love of those around her, she daily gathers together the children of the sealers, and does her best to impart to them the rudiments both of secular and religious knowledge."[8][9][3][10] Canon Brownrigg had also visited Beeton and the islands and spoke highly of her.[9]
She worked to reduce the effect of sealers preying on Bass Strait islanders and argued for compensation for Indigenous people who had been dispossessed of their lands.[1] In 1872 she invited Truganini to make her home on Badger Island but this offer was not taken up.[1]
Beeton was also well-known at the time as being a trader and businesswoman. She became known as the "Queen of the Isle"' and the "commodore"[11][12] By 1886 she owned her own cutter, "Bella Beeton" and sailed and traded in it with her brother Harry Beeton.[13] She later ran her own sheep and cattle station on Badger Island.[14] Stephen Murray-Smith called her, “the most notable personality produced by the second generation of islanders.”[15]
Lucy Beeton never married but lived with her brothers, James and Henry and their families, in her homestead cottage on Badger Island where she welcomed many visitors and sang hymns.[11][14] She died on Badger Island on 7 July 1886 and was buried there.[1] News of her death was brought to Launceston on the mainland on 12 July 1886 by Captain Holt who arrived on a boat from Badger Island.[16][9]
Legacy
[edit]Lucy Beeton Crescent in Bonner, Australian Capital Territory and the Lucy Beeton Aboriginal teacher scholarship at the University of Tasmania are named after her.[6][17]
A shell necklace made by her is held in the collection of the Tasmanian Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery.[18][19]
Notes
[edit]- ^ Alternatively Baden, Beadon, or Beedon aka Henry Beadon, James Herbert Beadon
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h Breen, Shayne (2005). "Beeton, Lucy (1829–1886)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ^ a b c "Biography - Lucy Beeton - Indigenous Australia". ia.anu.edu.au. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ a b "TASMANIA". Sydney Mail. 2 February 1867. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ a b Nigel Prickett, "Trans-Tasman stories: Australian Aborigines in New Zealand sealing and shore whaling", in Geoffrey Clark, Foss Leach, and Sue O'Connor (eds.), Terra Australis, vol. 29, June 2008, ANU Press, pp. 360–361
- ^ "Meet the Queen of the Isles; Lucy Beeton - ABC (none) - Australian Broadcasting Corporation". www.abc.net.au. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Scholarships Info - University of Tasmania". Scholarships - University of Tasmania, Australia. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ Skira, Irynej. "I hope you will be my friend: Tasmanian Aborigines in the Furneaux Group in the nineteenth century-population and land tenure" (PDF). ANU Press.
- ^ Melbourne, National Foundation for Australian Women and The University of Melbourne. "Beeton, Lucy - Woman - The Australian Women's Register". www.womenaustralia.info. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ a b c "OBITUARY". Daily Telegraph. 12 July 1886. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ "The Cruise of the Beacon, by Francis Russell Nixon (1857)". anglicanhistory.org. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ a b "VISIT TO THE ISLANDS IN BASS STRAITS, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF WHAT I SAW AND HEARD THERE". Launceston Examiner. 31 March 1883. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ Tapp, Paul (2013). The Aborigines of Tasmania's Furneaux Group. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-304-31955-5.
- ^ "(1886)". Trove. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Letters to the Editor". Age. 22 April 1937. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ Brownrigg, Marcus (1987). Murray-Smith, Stephen (ed.). Mission to the islands; the missionary voyages in Bass Strait of Cannon Marcus Brownrigg, 1872-1885 (2nd ed.). Launceston: Foot & Playstead. p. xxvi. ISBN 0858530368.
- ^ "LAUNCESTON". Mercury. 12 July 1886. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
- ^ "Geocortex Viewer for HTML5". app.actmapi.act.gov.au. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ Xenith (16 November 2016). "Miss Beeton". Mistress of the Rough Seas. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ "Shell Necklaces". www.utas.edu.au. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
External links
[edit]- Libraries Tasmania https://stors.tas.gov.au/AB713-1-11765J2K$init=AB713-1-11765
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- 19th-century Australian women educators
- Indigenous Australian women