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{{short description|psuedoscience on using sap from trees for health }}
{{Short description|Pseudoscience on using sap from trees for health }}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Multiple issues|
{{missing information|scientific evidence and evaluation of the concept|date=September 2011}}
{{missing information|scientific evidence and evaluation of the concept|date=September 2011}}
{{Refimprove|date=October 2011}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2011}}
{{notability|date=February 2016}}
{{notability|date=February 2016}}
{{Orphan|date=October 2017}}
}}
}}
}}

{{Alternative medicine sidebar}}
{{Alternative medicine sidebar}}
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'''Gemmotherapy''' [from Lat. ''gemma'', bud, and New Lat. ''therapīa'', Grk. ''therapeia'', medical treatment] is a pseudoscientific group of remedies from embryonic tissue of various [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s, [[bud]]s, emerging [[Shoot (botany)|shoots]], [[seed]]s, [[catkin]]s, [[root]]lets and [[plant sap|sap]].
[[File:Vitis vinifera 2.jpg|220px|thumb|A bud of [[Vitis vinifera]], the Grape Vine]]
[[Image:Ilex 1.jpg|220px|thumb|Young shoots of [[Ilex aquifolium]], Holly]]
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'''Gemmotherapy''' [from Lat. ''gemma'', bud, and New Lat. ''therapīa'', Grk. ''therapeia'', medical treatment] is a form of [[herbalism|herbal medicine]] that uses remedies made principally from the embryonic tissue of various [[tree]]s and [[shrub]]s (the [[bud]]s and emerging [[shoots]]), but also from the reproductive parts (the [[seed]]s and [[catkin]]s) and from newly grown tissue (the [[root]]lets and the [[Cortex (botany)|cortex]] of rootlets). In two instances, remedies are also made from the [[plant sap|sap]].


This raw material is taken at the peak time of the tree or shrub's annual [[germination]], in the spring for buds or the autumn for seeds. Certain plant hormones and enzymes are released during this process, and in some cases are only present in the plant at this time.
This raw material is taken at the peak time of the tree or shrubs' [[germination]]. It is claimed that unknown plant hormones and enzymes are released during this process which can somehow improve health.


== Development and spread of gemmotherapy ==
== Development and spread of gemmotherapy ==


The therapeutic effects of remedies made from the embryonic material of plants were first investigated in the late 1950s by a Belgian homeopath, Pol Henry<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uygAyfa5Au8C&q=pol+henry&pg=PA80 |page=80 |title=Soigner le stress par l'homéopathie et la phytothérapie |author=Bernard Chemouny |publisher=Odile Jacob |date=2012 |isbn= 9782738178237 }}</ref> (1918–88), working with a group of French [[homeopath]]s and biotherapists including Max Tétau (1927-2012) and O.A. Julian (1910–84). They conducted the first experiments as well as human and animal clinical trials that elucidated the effects of gemmotherapy and summarized their clinical findings.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Bases Biologiques de la Gemmothérapie|last = Henry|first = Pol|publisher = Saint-Norbert|year = 1959|location = Tongerlo, Belgium}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Conception de la Gemmotherapie|last = Tétau|first = Max|date = January 1959|journal = Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie |issn=0518-3391 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Observation clinique de Gemmotherapie|editor-last = Julian|editor-first = O.A.|date = January 1961|journal = Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie }}</ref>
The therapeutic effects of embryonic material of plants were first investigated in the late 1950s by a Belgian homeopath, Pol Henry<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uygAyfa5Au8C&q=pol+henry&pg=PA80 |page=80 |title=Soigner le stress par l'homéopathie et la phytothérapie |author=Bernard Chemouny |publisher=Odile Jacob |date=2012 |isbn= 9782738178237 }}</ref> working with a group of French [[homeopath]]s .<ref>{{Cite book|title = Bases Biologiques de la Gemmothérapie|last = Henry|first = Pol|publisher = Saint-Norbert|year = 1959|location = Tongerlo, Belgium}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Conception de la Gemmotherapie|last = Tétau|first = Max|date = January 1959|journal = Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie |issn=0518-3391 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Observation clinique de Gemmotherapie|editor-last = Julian|editor-first = O.A.|date = January 1961|journal = Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie }}</ref>


Henry initially called the new type of medicine, phytoembryotherapy, but it was Tetau that later coined the phrase gemmotherapy.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Treatise on Gemmotherapy|last = Andrianne|first = Philippe|publisher = Editions Amyris SPRL|year = 2012|isbn = 978-2-8755-2012-8|location = Brussels, Belgium}}</ref>
Henry initially called the new type of medicine, phytoembryotherapy which was later renamed, gemmotherapy.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Treatise on Gemmotherapy|last = Andrianne|first = Philippe|publisher = Editions Amyris SPRL|year = 2012|isbn = 978-2-8755-2012-8|location = Brussels, Belgium}}</ref> Gemmotherapy was included in herbal therapies in France in the ''Pharmacopée Francaise''<ref>''Pharmacopée Francaise'', 8th edition, Ministère de la Santé, Gouvernement Français, Paris 1965</ref> in 1965.


==Lack of evidence of efficacy==
Gemmotherapy was included in herbal therapies in France in the ''Pharmacopée Francaise''<ref>''Pharmacopée Francaise'', 8th edition, Ministère de la Santé, Gouvernement Français, Paris 1965</ref> in 1965.
There is no evidence of therapeutic efficacy for gemmotherapy.

Although scientific knowledge about the healing effects of plants is still increasing, gemmotherapy has not yet been the subject of any "serious" scientific publication.
It has not been the subject of any randomized double-blind study, the only method recognized as reliable, nor has it been published in a recognized professional journal.

Gemmotherapy is promoted especially at trade fairs dedicated to "wellness", in the middle of a cocktail of other pseudosciences and "fake drugs". {{Citation needed|date=May 2024}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Biologically-based therapies]]

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[[Category:Biologically based therapies]]
[[Category:Alternative medical treatments]]
[[Category:Alternative medical treatments]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience]]
[[Category:Pseudoscience]]

Latest revision as of 12:44, 17 May 2024

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Gemmotherapy [from Lat. gemma, bud, and New Lat. therapīa, Grk. therapeia, medical treatment] is a pseudoscientific group of remedies from embryonic tissue of various trees and shrubs, buds, emerging shoots, seeds, catkins, rootlets and sap.

This raw material is taken at the peak time of the tree or shrubs' germination. It is claimed that unknown plant hormones and enzymes are released during this process which can somehow improve health.

Development and spread of gemmotherapy

[edit]

The therapeutic effects of embryonic material of plants were first investigated in the late 1950s by a Belgian homeopath, Pol Henry[1] working with a group of French homeopaths .[2][3][4]

Henry initially called the new type of medicine, phytoembryotherapy which was later renamed, gemmotherapy.[5] Gemmotherapy was included in herbal therapies in France in the Pharmacopée Francaise[6] in 1965.

Lack of evidence of efficacy

[edit]

There is no evidence of therapeutic efficacy for gemmotherapy.

Although scientific knowledge about the healing effects of plants is still increasing, gemmotherapy has not yet been the subject of any "serious" scientific publication. It has not been the subject of any randomized double-blind study, the only method recognized as reliable, nor has it been published in a recognized professional journal.

Gemmotherapy is promoted especially at trade fairs dedicated to "wellness", in the middle of a cocktail of other pseudosciences and "fake drugs". [citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bernard Chemouny (2012). Soigner le stress par l'homéopathie et la phytothérapie. Odile Jacob. p. 80. ISBN 9782738178237.
  2. ^ Henry, Pol (1959). Bases Biologiques de la Gemmothérapie. Tongerlo, Belgium: Saint-Norbert.
  3. ^ Tétau, Max (January 1959). "Conception de la Gemmotherapie". Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie. ISSN 0518-3391.
  4. ^ Julian, O.A., ed. (January 1961). "Observation clinique de Gemmotherapie". Archives Homéopathiques de Normandie.
  5. ^ Andrianne, Philippe (2012). Treatise on Gemmotherapy. Brussels, Belgium: Editions Amyris SPRL. ISBN 978-2-8755-2012-8.
  6. ^ Pharmacopée Francaise, 8th edition, Ministère de la Santé, Gouvernement Français, Paris 1965
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