Bridge Murder case: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|1929 murder in the United States}} |
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⚫ | The '''Bridge Murder case''', also known as the '''Bridge Murder case''' was the [[trial (law)|trial]] of Myrtle Adkins Bennett (born March 20, |
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{{Infobox event |
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| title = Bridge Murder case |
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| image = |
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| date = {{start and end dates|1931|02|23|1931|03|06}} |
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| venue = Criminal Court Building |
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| location = [[Kansas City, Missouri]] |
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| coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LON|region:XXXX_type:event|display=inline,title}} --> |
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| also_known_as = Bridge Table Murder case |
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| type = Murder trial |
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| motive = Self-defense after physical abuse |
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| target = John G. Bennett |
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| suspects = Myrtle Adkins Bennett |
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| charges = Murder |
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| verdict = Not guilty |
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| url = |
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> |
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| notes = |
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}} |
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⚫ | The '''Bridge Murder case''', also known as the '''Bridge Table Murder case''', was the [[trial (law)|trial]] of Myrtle Adkins Bennett (born March 20, 1895, in [[Tillar, Arkansas]]), a [[Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City]] housewife, for the [[murder]] of her husband John G. Bennett over a game of [[contract bridge]] in September 1929.<ref name=Reddig>{{cite book|title=Tom's town: Kansas City and the Pendergast legend|author=William M. Reddig|publisher=University of Missouri Press|year=1986|isbn=0-8262-0498-8|pages=192–193}}</ref> |
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==Murder== |
==Murder== |
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⚫ | Myrtle and John spent much of Sunday, September 29, 1929, with their upstairs neighbors, Charles and Myrna Hofman.<ref name=Reddig /> The husbands played a round of golf at the Indian Hills Country Club that morning, and then went back to the links that afternoon with their wives joining them. At dusk, they returned to the Bennett apartment at 902 Ward Parkway in the Country Club District of Kansas City. After sharing dinner, they sat down to a game of bridge in the Bennett living room, the couples playing as partners, the Hofmans versus the Bennetts. After midnight, as the Hofmans began to pull ahead, the Bennetts began to bicker. In the ultimate hand, John failed to make his four spades contract and Myrtle, frustrated by the failure, called him "a bum bridge player". He stood and slapped her in the face several times, and announced he was leaving.<ref>{{cite book|title=Murder at the Bridge Table|first=Matthew|last=Granovetter|publisher=Master Point Press|pages=5–6|year=1999|isbn=978-1-894-15411-6}}</ref> He said he would spend the night in a motel in [[Saint Joseph, Missouri]]. As he packed his bag, and moved from room to room, he mocked his wife. Myrtle told the Hofmans, "Only a cur would strike a woman in front of guests."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.heraldnet.com/life/bridge-club-news/|title=Bridge Club news|work=Everett, Washington Herald|date=August 7, 2017|access-date=August 28, 2018}}</ref> |
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⚫ | After an ongoing argument, John Bennett went to pack a suitcase as he told Myrtle to retrieve the handgun he typically carried on the road for protection. Myrtle walked down the hall to the bedroom of her mother, Alice Adkins. Still sobbing, Myrtle reached into a drawer with linens and pulled out his .32 Colt semi automatic, and walked into the den. There, she brushed past Charles Hofman, and shot at John's back twice in the bathroom of the apartment. John escaped into the hallway, but fell to the floor in their living room. |
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⚫ | Myrtle and John spent much of Sunday, September 29, 1929, with their upstairs neighbors, Charles and Myrna Hofman.<ref name=Reddig /> The husbands played a round of golf at the Indian Hills Country Club that morning, and then went back to the links that afternoon with their wives joining them. At dusk, they returned to the Bennett apartment at 902 Ward Parkway in the Country Club District of Kansas City. After sharing dinner, they sat down to a game of bridge in the Bennett living room, the couples playing as partners, the Hofmans versus the Bennetts. After midnight, as the Hofmans began to pull ahead, the Bennetts began to bicker. In the ultimate hand, John failed to make his four spades contract and Myrtle, frustrated by the failure, called him |
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⚫ | After an ongoing argument, John Bennett went to pack a suitcase as he told Myrtle to retrieve the handgun he typically carried on the road for protection. Myrtle walked down the hall to the bedroom of her mother, Alice Adkins. Still sobbing, Myrtle reached into a drawer with linens and pulled out his .32 Colt automatic, and walked into the den. |
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==Trial== |
==Trial== |
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Myrtle Bennett was tried by Judge [[Ralph S. Latshaw]]. The trial began on February 23, 1931, and lasted eleven days. Her defence was [[James A. Reed (politician)|James A. Reed]], former three-term U.S. Senator and onetime [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] presidential candidate. Reed showed jurors that John Bennett had been previously violent and abusive, and attempted to explain that Mrs Bennett was either insane or acted in self-defence. The judge disallowed the prosecution, James R. Page, to submit John Bennett's nephew Byrd Rice, as he was not on the original list of witnesses. After an eight-hour deliberation, the jury returned a not guilty verdict.<ref name=Reddig /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/27/opinion/bring-bridge-back-to-the-table.html|title=Bring Bridge Back to the Table|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 27, 2005|access-date=August 28, 2018}}</ref> The prosecution's assistant, John Hill, said, "It looks like an open season on husbands."<ref>''The Kansas City Star'', ''The Kansas City Times'' and ''The Kansas City Journal-Post''. February 22, 1931 to March 7, 1931</ref> |
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Myrtle Bennett’s murder trial, in the court of Judge [[Ralph S. Latshaw]], began on February 23, 1931 and lasted eleven days. She was defended by attorney [[James A. Reed]], former three-term U.S. Senator and onetime Democratic presidential candidate. Raised by Boss Tom Pendergast’s political machine in Kansas City (same as the judge and prosecutor in the Bennett trial), Reed was a riveting public speaker and trial attorney who put on a dramatic courtroom performance for the widow Bennett. Among other things, Reed showed jurors that John Bennett had struck his wife before. |
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High society women in Kansas City, many of them bridge players, turned out in their furs and boas to hear Myrtle Bennett’s story and to watch what was believed to be Reed’s final criminal trial. Throughout the trial, Jackson County prosecutor James A. Page objected to Reed’s tactics, once during the defense lawyer’s tearful opening statement. Seeing Reed and Myrtle Bennett weep, Page cynically asked Latshaw to pause the trial long enough to give “counsel for the defense and his client a chance to finish their cry.” Reed lashed back, “I wish I could be as cold-blooded about it as some in this courtroom.” |
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Reed constructed an elaborate defense. He set up separate defenses for Myrtle Bennett: accidental, emotional insanity, self-defense and also qualified self-defense, which meant too much force was used by the defendant to repel an assault. Reed told jurors that John Bennett sought to take the gun from his wife and they scuffled for possession of it, and that he was shot twice, once in the back and once beneath his left armpit, during the scuffle. Reed and his fellow defense attorney, [[J. Francis O'Sullivan]], even pantomimed the shooting three times before the jury box, with Reed portraying Myrtle and O’Sullivan playing John. |
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During the trial, the prosecutor, James R. Page, had sharp exchanges with the judge, Ralph S. Latshaw; became angry at Charles Hofman when his testimony differed from that given to police the night of the killing and two weeks later in a [[preliminary hearing]]; and was also angry at Myrna Hofman for her memory lapses. Defense attorney Reed broke into tears at one point. Page and Reed sparred often, prompting the judge to send the jury from the courtroom over and over. |
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The judge ruled against the introduction of the prosecution's star witness, one of John Bennett's relatives, because the prosecution had called him as a rebuttal witness, instead of a witness offering direct testimony. Page had wanted to surprise Reed by introducing Byrd Rice, John Bennett's nephew, during rebuttal, but Judge Latshaw excoriated the prosecutor for failing to place Rice on his original list of witnesses, which denied the defense its right to hear Rice’s testimony before the trial. Latshaw was adamant that Rice could not testify at trial. Later, Rice told reporters what he had intended to testify that his aunt Myrtle Bennett had walked him through her apartment six weeks after the killing and narrated how she had chased John through the rooms of the apartment with a pistol in her hand. She told Rice that she had fired at him twice from the den and twice more in the living room, the last bullet striking him in the back as he reached for the front door. But the jury never heard this account. |
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On March 6, after eight hours of deliberations, the jury's verdict was that Myrtle Bennett was not guilty of murder.<ref name=Reddig /> Reed wondered only why jurors took so long. Page's assistant, John Hill, said, “It looks like an open season on husbands.” <ref>The Kansas City Star, The Kansas City Times, and The Kansas City Journal-Post. February 22, 1931 to March 7, 1931</ref> |
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==Press== |
==Press== |
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The case caught the public imagination, and was subject to press attention by the New York ''Journal'', not for the trial itself, but for the bridge game. The case was a media sensation and a flashpoint in the bridge craze sweeping the nation. The ''Journal'' invited speculation from bridge experts, including [[Sidney Lenz]], on the game, what hands had been played, and whether different play, or alternative hands, would have prevented the murder.<ref name=Bessie>{{cite book|title=Rare birds: an American family|author=Dan Bessie|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|year=2000|isbn=0-8131-2179-5 |
The case caught the public imagination, and was subject to press attention by the New York ''Journal'', not for the trial itself, but for the bridge game. The case was a media sensation and a flashpoint in the bridge craze sweeping the nation. The ''Journal'' invited speculation from bridge experts, including [[Sidney Lenz]], on the game, what hands had been played, and whether different play, or alternative hands, would have prevented the murder.<ref name=Bessie>{{cite book|title=Rare birds: an American family|author=Dan Bessie|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|year=2000|isbn=0-8131-2179-5|pages=79–80|chapter=Battle of the century}}</ref> None of the people present in the apartment at the time later recalled exactly what the hands were.<ref name=Bessie /> When the case came to trial, Myrtle Bennett was defended by former U.S. Senator [[James A. Reed (politician)|James A. Reed]].<ref name=Reddig /> |
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⚫ | [[Ely Culbertson]] wrote about the killing and trial in his new magazine, ''[[The Bridge World]]''.<ref>''The Bridge World'', December 1929</ref> In lectures, Culbertson suggested that if only the Bennetts had been playing the Culbertson System of bidding, then 36-year-old John Bennett might still have been alive.<ref>''The San Francisco Call-Bulletin'', April 24, 1931</ref> |
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[[Ely Culbertson]], the Barnum of the bridge movement, watched the trial closely from New York. Culbertson used the Bennett tragedy to his advantage. He sold bridge and himself, telling housewives that the game was a great way to defuse the marital tensions pent-up in daily life. He told housewives that, at the bridge table, they could be their husbands’ equal, and more. |
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⚫ | Culbertson wrote about the killing and trial in his new magazine, [[The Bridge World]].<ref>The Bridge World |
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==Life after the trial== |
==Life after the trial== |
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⚫ | Only 35 years old at the time of her acquittal, Myrtle Bennett lived for another 61 years, dying at the age of 96 in Miami, Florida, in January 1992. She had moved into obscurity soon after the trial, her name fading from headlines. She never remarried, nor did she have children. After World War II and throughout the 1950s, she worked as executive head of housekeeping at the elegant [[Carlyle Hotel]] in New York City, living alone there in an apartment.<ref name="GMP">{{cite book |last = Pomerantz |first = Gary |author-link = Gary Pomerantz |title = The Devil's Tickets |publisher = Crown |year = 2009 |isbn = 978-1-4000-5162-5 |url-access = registration |url = https://archive.org/details/devilsticketsn00pome }}</ref> At the Carlyle, she developed friendships with the rich and famous, including the actors [[Mary Pickford]] and her husband [[Charles Rogers (actor)|Buddy Rogers]], and also [[Henry Ford II]]. |
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⚫ | The widow Bennett later traveled the world, working for a hotel chain, and played bridge until nearly the end of her life. In an interview with the author Gary Pomerantz,<ref name =GMP/> Myrtle Bennett's cousin, Carolyn Scruggs of Arkansas, said that Mrs. Bennett never spoke with her about the shooting. Once, though, Ms. Scruggs told Mrs. Bennett, "I sometimes think of your life –" But Myrtle Bennett interrupted, and said, "Well, my dear, it was a great tragedy and a great mistake." Scruggs stammered to say, "I guess I want you to know that I understand it." But Myrtle Bennett said, "No, my dear, you don't understand it."{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}} |
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⚫ | Only 35 years old at the time of her acquittal, Myrtle Bennett lived for another 61 years, dying at the age of 96 in Miami, |
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⚫ | The widow Bennett later traveled the world, working for a hotel chain, and played bridge until nearly the end of her life. In an interview with author Pomerantz,<ref name =GMP/> Myrtle |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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== Further reading == |
== Further reading == |
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* {{cite book|pages= |
* {{cite book|pages=17–21|chapter=A Bridge Table Murder|title=Bridge's strangest hands|author=Andrew Ward|publisher=Robson|year=2002|isbn=1-86105-565-X}} |
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* {{cite web|title=The Bennett Murder|author= |
* {{cite web|title=The Bennett Murder|author=Barbara Mikkelson|author-link=Barbara Mikkelson|work=[[Urban Legends Reference Pages]]|url=http://www.snopes.com/luck/bennett.asp|date=2008-12-26}} |
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* {{cite web|title=The Bennett Murder|url=http://www.bridgeguys.com/BGlossary/bennett_murder.html|work=Bridge Guys}} |
* {{cite web|title=The Bennett Murder|url=http://www.bridgeguys.com/BGlossary/bennett_murder.html|work=Bridge Guys}} |
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* Daniels, David. The Golden Age of Contract Bridge. New York: Stein and Day, 1980. ISBN |
* Daniels, David. ''The Golden Age of Contract Bridge''. New York: Stein and Day, 1980. {{ISBN|0-8128-2576-4}}. pp. 179–184. |
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* Chicago Tribune. |
* ''Chicago Tribune''. "Slaps Wife in Bridge Game; She Kills Him." 1 October 1929, p. 1. |
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* The New York Times. "Wife Kills Husband in Bridge Game Spat." 29 September 1929, p. 5. |
* ''The New York Times''. "Wife Kills Husband in Bridge Game Spat." 29 September 1929, p. 5. |
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* The New York Times. "Says Bennett Murder Followed Bridge Row." 27 February 1931, p. 3. |
* ''The New York Times''. "Says Bennett Murder Followed Bridge Row." 27 February 1931, p. 3. |
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* The New York Times. "Wife Is Acquitted in Bridge Slaying." 7 March 1931, p. 5. |
* ''The New York Times''. "Wife Is Acquitted in Bridge Slaying." 7 March 1931, p. 5. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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[[Category:1929 in Missouri]] |
[[Category:1929 in Missouri]] |
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[[Category:1929 murders in the United States]] |
[[Category:1929 murders in the United States]] |
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[[Category:Crimes in Missouri]] |
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[[Category:September 1929 events]] |
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Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor Hodor |
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[[Category:Mariticides]] |
Latest revision as of 16:50, 17 May 2024
Date | February 23 – March 6, 1931 |
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Venue | Criminal Court Building |
Location | Kansas City, Missouri |
Also known as | Bridge Table Murder case |
Type | Murder trial |
Motive | Self-defense after physical abuse |
Target | John G. Bennett |
Suspects | Myrtle Adkins Bennett |
Charges | Murder |
Verdict | Not guilty |
The Bridge Murder case, also known as the Bridge Table Murder case, was the trial of Myrtle Adkins Bennett (born March 20, 1895, in Tillar, Arkansas), a Kansas City housewife, for the murder of her husband John G. Bennett over a game of contract bridge in September 1929.[1]
Murder
[edit]Myrtle and John spent much of Sunday, September 29, 1929, with their upstairs neighbors, Charles and Myrna Hofman.[1] The husbands played a round of golf at the Indian Hills Country Club that morning, and then went back to the links that afternoon with their wives joining them. At dusk, they returned to the Bennett apartment at 902 Ward Parkway in the Country Club District of Kansas City. After sharing dinner, they sat down to a game of bridge in the Bennett living room, the couples playing as partners, the Hofmans versus the Bennetts. After midnight, as the Hofmans began to pull ahead, the Bennetts began to bicker. In the ultimate hand, John failed to make his four spades contract and Myrtle, frustrated by the failure, called him "a bum bridge player". He stood and slapped her in the face several times, and announced he was leaving.[2] He said he would spend the night in a motel in Saint Joseph, Missouri. As he packed his bag, and moved from room to room, he mocked his wife. Myrtle told the Hofmans, "Only a cur would strike a woman in front of guests."[3]
After an ongoing argument, John Bennett went to pack a suitcase as he told Myrtle to retrieve the handgun he typically carried on the road for protection. Myrtle walked down the hall to the bedroom of her mother, Alice Adkins. Still sobbing, Myrtle reached into a drawer with linens and pulled out his .32 Colt semi automatic, and walked into the den. There, she brushed past Charles Hofman, and shot at John's back twice in the bathroom of the apartment. John escaped into the hallway, but fell to the floor in their living room.
Trial
[edit]Myrtle Bennett was tried by Judge Ralph S. Latshaw. The trial began on February 23, 1931, and lasted eleven days. Her defence was James A. Reed, former three-term U.S. Senator and onetime Democratic presidential candidate. Reed showed jurors that John Bennett had been previously violent and abusive, and attempted to explain that Mrs Bennett was either insane or acted in self-defence. The judge disallowed the prosecution, James R. Page, to submit John Bennett's nephew Byrd Rice, as he was not on the original list of witnesses. After an eight-hour deliberation, the jury returned a not guilty verdict.[1][4] The prosecution's assistant, John Hill, said, "It looks like an open season on husbands."[5]
Press
[edit]The case caught the public imagination, and was subject to press attention by the New York Journal, not for the trial itself, but for the bridge game. The case was a media sensation and a flashpoint in the bridge craze sweeping the nation. The Journal invited speculation from bridge experts, including Sidney Lenz, on the game, what hands had been played, and whether different play, or alternative hands, would have prevented the murder.[6] None of the people present in the apartment at the time later recalled exactly what the hands were.[6] When the case came to trial, Myrtle Bennett was defended by former U.S. Senator James A. Reed.[1]
Ely Culbertson wrote about the killing and trial in his new magazine, The Bridge World.[7] In lectures, Culbertson suggested that if only the Bennetts had been playing the Culbertson System of bidding, then 36-year-old John Bennett might still have been alive.[8]
Life after the trial
[edit]Only 35 years old at the time of her acquittal, Myrtle Bennett lived for another 61 years, dying at the age of 96 in Miami, Florida, in January 1992. She had moved into obscurity soon after the trial, her name fading from headlines. She never remarried, nor did she have children. After World War II and throughout the 1950s, she worked as executive head of housekeeping at the elegant Carlyle Hotel in New York City, living alone there in an apartment.[9] At the Carlyle, she developed friendships with the rich and famous, including the actors Mary Pickford and her husband Buddy Rogers, and also Henry Ford II.
The widow Bennett later traveled the world, working for a hotel chain, and played bridge until nearly the end of her life. In an interview with the author Gary Pomerantz,[9] Myrtle Bennett's cousin, Carolyn Scruggs of Arkansas, said that Mrs. Bennett never spoke with her about the shooting. Once, though, Ms. Scruggs told Mrs. Bennett, "I sometimes think of your life –" But Myrtle Bennett interrupted, and said, "Well, my dear, it was a great tragedy and a great mistake." Scruggs stammered to say, "I guess I want you to know that I understand it." But Myrtle Bennett said, "No, my dear, you don't understand it."[citation needed]
At the time of her 1992 death, Myrtle Bennett's estate was valued at more than $1 million. With no direct descendants, she left most of the money to family members of John Bennett, the husband she had killed more than six decades before.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d William M. Reddig (1986). Tom's town: Kansas City and the Pendergast legend. University of Missouri Press. pp. 192–193. ISBN 0-8262-0498-8.
- ^ Granovetter, Matthew (1999). Murder at the Bridge Table. Master Point Press. pp. 5–6. ISBN 978-1-894-15411-6.
- ^ "Bridge Club news". Everett, Washington Herald. August 7, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ "Bring Bridge Back to the Table". The New York Times. November 27, 2005. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
- ^ The Kansas City Star, The Kansas City Times and The Kansas City Journal-Post. February 22, 1931 to March 7, 1931
- ^ a b Dan Bessie (2000). "Battle of the century". Rare birds: an American family. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 79–80. ISBN 0-8131-2179-5.
- ^ The Bridge World, December 1929
- ^ The San Francisco Call-Bulletin, April 24, 1931
- ^ a b Pomerantz, Gary (2009). The Devil's Tickets. Crown. ISBN 978-1-4000-5162-5.
Further reading
[edit]- Andrew Ward (2002). "A Bridge Table Murder". Bridge's strangest hands. Robson. pp. 17–21. ISBN 1-86105-565-X.
- Barbara Mikkelson (2008-12-26). "The Bennett Murder". Urban Legends Reference Pages.
- "The Bennett Murder". Bridge Guys.
- Daniels, David. The Golden Age of Contract Bridge. New York: Stein and Day, 1980. ISBN 0-8128-2576-4. pp. 179–184.
- Chicago Tribune. "Slaps Wife in Bridge Game; She Kills Him." 1 October 1929, p. 1.
- The New York Times. "Wife Kills Husband in Bridge Game Spat." 29 September 1929, p. 5.
- The New York Times. "Says Bennett Murder Followed Bridge Row." 27 February 1931, p. 3.
- The New York Times. "Wife Is Acquitted in Bridge Slaying." 7 March 1931, p. 5.
External links
[edit]- Gary Pomerantz website, author of related nonfiction book The Devil's Tickets.