Bachmann's bundle: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Anatomical cardiac structure}} |
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[[image:ConductionsystemoftheheartwithouttheHeart.png|right|thumb|350px|Image showing Bachmann's bundle]] |
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{{Infobox anatomy |
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{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}} |
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| Name= Bachmann's bundle |
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'''Bachmann's bundle''', also known as the '''anterior interatrial band''', is a broad band of [[cardiac muscle|atrial muscle]] that connects the top of the [[right atrium]] to the top of the [[left atrium]], while passing behind the [[ascending aorta]]. Bachmann's bundle is, during normal sinus rhythm, the preferential path for electrical activation of the left atrium. It is therefore considered to be part of the "atrial conduction system" of the [[heart]]. |
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In the [[heart|heart's]] [[electrical conduction system of the heart|conduction system]], '''Bachmann's bundle''' (also called the '''Bachmann bundle''' or the '''interatrial band''')<ref name="opens tax">{{cite web |title=19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity - Anatomy and Physiology {{!}} OpenStax |url=https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology/pages/19-2-cardiac-muscle-and-electrical-activity?query=cardiac%20cycle&target=%7B%22type%22%3A%22search%22%2C%22index%22%3A0%7D#fs-id2801718 |website=openstax.org |access-date=28 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref> is a branch of the anterior internodal tract that resides on the inner wall of the [[left atrium]]. It is a broad band of [[cardiac muscle]] that passes from the [[right atrium]], between the [[superior vena cava]] and the [[ascending aorta]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=James|first=Thomas N.|title=The connecting pathways between the sinus node and A-V node and between the right and the left atrium in the human heart|journal=American Heart Journal|date=1 October 1963|volume=66|issue=4|pages=498–508|doi=10.1016/0002-8703(63)90382-X}}<!--|accessdate=7 November 2012--></ref> Bachmann's bundle is, during normal [[sinus rhythm]], the preferential path for electrical activation of the left atrium. It is therefore considered to be part of the "atrial conduction system" of the heart. |
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==Interatrial conduction== |
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| ⚫ | The normal cardiac rhythm originates in the [[sinoatrial node]], which is located in the right atrium near the |
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==History== |
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In 1916, [[Jean George Bachmann]] conducted canine experiments. He found that clamping the muscular bundle of fibers that connects the atria caused a significant conduction delay.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Khaja|first1=Azamuddin |last2=Flaker|first2=Greg|title=Bachmann's Bundle: Does It Play a Role in Atrial Fibrillation?|journal=Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology|date=August 2005|volume=28|issue=8|pages=855–863|doi=10.1111/j.1540-8159.2005.00168.x|pmid=16105015}}</ref> |
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==Structure== |
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Bachmann's bundle receives its blood supply from the [[sinoatrial nodal artery]] (right, left or both).<ref name=Campenhout>{{cite journal|last1=van Campenhout|first1=M. J. H.|last2=Yaksh|first2=A.|last3=Kik|first3=C.|last4=de Jaegere|first4=P. P.|last5=Ho|first5=S. Y.|last6=Allessie|first6=M. A. |author-link6=Maurits Allessie |last7=de Groot|first7=N. M. S.|title=Bachmann's Bundle: A Key Player in the Development of Atrial Fibrillation?|journal=Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology|date=15 October 2013|volume=6|issue=5|pages=1041–1046|doi=10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000758|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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==Bachmann's bundle and the atrial conduction system== |
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Besides Bachmann's bundle, the other three conduction tracts that constitute the ''atrial conduction system'' are known as the [[anterior]], middle, and [[Posterior (anatomy)|posterior]] tracts, which run from the sinoatrial node to the [[atrioventricular node]], converging in the region near the [[coronary sinus]]. ''Atrial automaticity foci'' are within the atrial conduction system. The concentration of converging conduction tracts near the coronary sinus results in considerable automaticity activity originating in that area. |
Besides Bachmann's bundle, the other three conduction tracts that constitute the ''atrial conduction system'' are known as the [[anterior]], middle, and [[Posterior (anatomy)|posterior]] tracts, which run from the sinoatrial node to the [[atrioventricular node]], converging in the region near the [[coronary sinus]]. ''Atrial automaticity foci'' are within the atrial conduction system. The concentration of converging conduction tracts near the coronary sinus results in considerable automaticity activity originating in that area. |
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==Function== |
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| ⚫ | The normal cardiac rhythm originates in the [[sinoatrial node]], which is located in the right atrium near the superior vena cava. From there, the electrical activation spreads throughout the right atrium. There are at least four locations where the activation can pass to the left atrium. Apart from Bachmann's bundle these are the anterior [[interatrial septum]], posterior interatrial septum, and the [[coronary sinus]].<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Sakamoto, S-I |title=Interatrial Electrical Connections: The Precise Location and Preferential Conduction|journal=Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology|volume=16|pages=1077–1086|year=2005 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-8167.2005.40659.x|display-authors=etal}}</ref> Because it originates close to the sinoatrial node and consists of long parallel fibers, Bachmann's bundle is, during [[sinus rhythm]], the first of these connections to activate the left atrium. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Electrical conduction system of the heart]] |
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* [[Bundle of His]] |
* [[Bundle of His]] |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Heart}} |
{{Heart anatomy}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bachmann's Bundle}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bachmann's Bundle}} |
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[[Category:Cardiac anatomy]] |
[[Category:Cardiac anatomy]] |
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{{Circulatory-stub}} |
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[[id:Berkas Bachmann]] |
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[[nl:Bundel van Bachmann]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:21, 18 May 2024
| Bachmann's bundle | |
|---|---|
 Image showing Bachmann's bundle | |
| Anatomical terminology |
In the heart's conduction system, Bachmann's bundle (also called the Bachmann bundle or the interatrial band)[1] is a branch of the anterior internodal tract that resides on the inner wall of the left atrium. It is a broad band of cardiac muscle that passes from the right atrium, between the superior vena cava and the ascending aorta.[2] Bachmann's bundle is, during normal sinus rhythm, the preferential path for electrical activation of the left atrium. It is therefore considered to be part of the "atrial conduction system" of the heart.
History
[edit]In 1916, Jean George Bachmann conducted canine experiments. He found that clamping the muscular bundle of fibers that connects the atria caused a significant conduction delay.[3]
Structure
[edit]Bachmann's bundle receives its blood supply from the sinoatrial nodal artery (right, left or both).[4]
Besides Bachmann's bundle, the other three conduction tracts that constitute the atrial conduction system are known as the anterior, middle, and posterior tracts, which run from the sinoatrial node to the atrioventricular node, converging in the region near the coronary sinus. Atrial automaticity foci are within the atrial conduction system. The concentration of converging conduction tracts near the coronary sinus results in considerable automaticity activity originating in that area.
Function
[edit]The normal cardiac rhythm originates in the sinoatrial node, which is located in the right atrium near the superior vena cava. From there, the electrical activation spreads throughout the right atrium. There are at least four locations where the activation can pass to the left atrium. Apart from Bachmann's bundle these are the anterior interatrial septum, posterior interatrial septum, and the coronary sinus.[5] Because it originates close to the sinoatrial node and consists of long parallel fibers, Bachmann's bundle is, during sinus rhythm, the first of these connections to activate the left atrium.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity - Anatomy and Physiology | OpenStax". openstax.org. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
- ^ James, Thomas N. (1 October 1963). "The connecting pathways between the sinus node and A-V node and between the right and the left atrium in the human heart". American Heart Journal. 66 (4): 498–508. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(63)90382-X.
- ^ Khaja, Azamuddin; Flaker, Greg (August 2005). "Bachmann's Bundle: Does It Play a Role in Atrial Fibrillation?". Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology. 28 (8): 855–863. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.2005.00168.x. PMID 16105015.
- ^ van Campenhout, M. J. H.; Yaksh, A.; Kik, C.; de Jaegere, P. P.; Ho, S. Y.; Allessie, M. A.; de Groot, N. M. S. (15 October 2013). "Bachmann's Bundle: A Key Player in the Development of Atrial Fibrillation?". Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology. 6 (5): 1041–1046. doi:10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000758.
- ^ Sakamoto, S-I; et al. (2005). "Interatrial Electrical Connections: The Precise Location and Preferential Conduction". Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. 16: 1077–1086. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2005.40659.x.