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{{Short description|Four of the first five presidents of the United States}}
{{refimprove|date=March 2008}}
{{refimprove|date=March 2008}}
The '''Virginia dynasty''' is a term sometimes used to describe the fact that four of the first five [[President of the United States|Presidents of the United States]] were from [[Virginia]]. The term sometimes excludes [[George Washington]], who, though a Virginia planter, was closely aligned with the policies of the [[Federalist Party]], and was succeeded by his [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]], [[John Adams]] of [[Massachusetts]]. The first five presidents were, in order, George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe.
The '''Virginia dynasty''' is a term sometimes used to describe the fact that four of the first five [[President of the United States|presidents of the United States]] were from [[Virginia]]. The term sometimes excludes [[George Washington]], who, though a Virginia planter, was closely aligned with the policies of the [[Federalist Party]], and was succeeded by his [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]], [[John Adams]] of [[Massachusetts]]. The first five presidents were, in order, George Washington, John Adams, [[Thomas Jefferson]], [[James Madison]], and [[James Monroe]].


The defeat of Adams in 1800 by his Vice President, [[Thomas Jefferson]], who had previously served as Washington's [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]], marked the true beginning of the Virginia Dynasty, which is usually associated with what is now called the [[Democratic-Republican Party]], although it was generally referred to as simply the "Republican" or "Jeffersonian" Party at the time. Jefferson served two terms before retiring, in the Washingtonian precedent, in favor of his Secretary of State, fellow Virginian [[James Madison]], the so-called "Father of the Constitution." Although the [[War of 1812]] greatly weakened Madison's popularity in the Northeast, especially in [[New England]] which consequently discussed [[Hartford Convention|secession]], he was nonetheless re-elected rather easily in 1812 and was able to assist another Virginian who had remained loyal to him and the party, [[James Monroe]], to be elected President in 1816.
The defeat of Adams in 1800 by his vice president, Thomas Jefferson, who had previously served as Washington's [[United States Secretary of State|secretary of state]], marked the true beginning of the Virginia dynasty, which is usually associated with what is now called the [[Democratic-Republican Party]], although it was generally referred to as simply the "Republican," "Democratic," or "Jeffersonian" Party at the time. Jefferson served two terms before retiring, in the Washingtonian precedent, in favor of his secretary of state, fellow Virginian James Madison, called the "Father of the Constitution." Although the [[War of 1812]] greatly weakened Madison's popularity in the Northeast, especially in [[New England]] which consequently discussed [[Hartford Convention|secession]], he was nonetheless re-elected rather easily in 1812 and was able to assist another Virginian who had remained loyal to him and the party, James Monroe, to be elected president in 1816.


By the end of Monroe's first term the Federalist Party had essentially disbanded and Monroe was re-elected in 1820 without any real opposition, receiving every [[U.S. Electoral College|electoral vote]] except one, which went for Secretary of State [[John Quincy Adams]], son of John Adams. (Much later a myth arose that the dissenting elector had done so in order that George Washington would be the only president in American history to be elected unanimously.)<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Electoral Vote against Monroe in 1820-An American Legend |first=Lynn W. |last=Turner |work=[[The Mississippi Valley Historical Review]] |volume=42 |number=2 |month=September |year=1955 |pages=250–273 |publisher=[[Organization of American Historians]] |jstor=1897643}}</ref>
By the end of Monroe's first term the Federalist Party had essentially disbanded and Monroe was re-elected in 1820 without any real opposition,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EJH5TZHa2WMC&q=Virginia+dynasty&pg=PA157|title=The Development of Southern Sectionalism: 1819 - 1848|last=Sydnor|first=Charles S.|date=1966|publisher=LSU Press|language=en}}</ref> receiving every [[U.S. Electoral College|electoral vote]] except one, which went for Secretary of State [[John Quincy Adams]], son of John Adams. Much later a myth arose that the dissenting elector had done so in order that George Washington would be the only president in American history to be elected unanimously.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Electoral Vote against Monroe in 1820-An American Legend |first=Lynn W. |last=Turner |journal=[[The Mississippi Valley Historical Review]] |volume=42 |number=2 |date=September 1955 |pages=250–273 |publisher=[[Organization of American Historians]] |jstor=1897643|doi=10.2307/1897643 }}</ref>


Monroe's second term marked the end of the Virginia Dynasty. In the [[United States presidential election, 1824|election of 1824]], supporters of [[William H. Crawford]] portrayed him as "the rightful and legitimate successor of the Virginia Dynasty,"<ref>Lenner, Andrew C. (2001), [http://books.google.com/books?id=PQ8NJ4CSy6IC&pg=PA151&cad=0_0&sig=0HfVWhmuSFCKnKu8HPnfnyfS7SQ#PPA152,M1 "The Federal Principle in American Politics, 1790-1833."] Rowman & Littlefield, p.152. ISBN 0-7425-2071-4.</ref> but the Democratic-Republican Party splintered. John Quincy Adams won the disputed 1824 election over General [[Andrew Jackson]] of [[Tennessee]], then considered to be part of the Southwest.
Monroe's second term marked the end of the Virginia dynasty. In the [[1824 United States presidential election|election of 1824]], supporters of Virginia-born Georgia politician [[William H. Crawford]] portrayed him as "the rightful and legitimate successor of the Virginia Dynasty,"<ref>Lenner, Andrew C. (2001), [https://books.google.com/books?id=PQ8NJ4CSy6IC&pg=PA151&cad=0_0&sig=0HfVWhmuSFCKnKu8HPnfnyfS7SQ#PPA152,M1 "The Federal Principle in American Politics, 1790-1833."] Rowman & Littlefield, p.152. {{ISBN|0-7425-2071-4}}.</ref> but the Democratic-Republican Party splintered. [[John Quincy Adams]] won the disputed 1824 election over General [[Andrew Jackson]] of [[Tennessee]], then considered to be part of the Southwest.


After having contributed four of the first five Presidents and their having held office for thirty-two of the first thirty-six years of the constitution, to date four more Virginians have served as President. They are [[William Henry Harrison]], Virginia-born but elected as a resident of [[Ohio]]; [[John Tyler]], who was elected Vice President in 1840 as Harrison's running mate, but wound up serving all but the first month of the latter's term after Harrison became the first President to die in office; [[Zachary Taylor]], who made his name as a [[Kentucky]] resident; and [[Woodrow Wilson]], who was a Virginia native but was elected President after serving as the president of [[Princeton University]] and [[Governor of New Jersey]].
After Virginia contributed four of the first five presidents, who held office for 32 of the first 36 years under the Constitution, four other natives of Virginia have so far served as president. They were [[William Henry Harrison]], Virginia-born but elected as a resident of [[Ohio]]; [[John Tyler]], who was elected vice president in 1840 as Harrison's running mate, but wound up serving all but the first month of the latter's term after Harrison became the first president to die in office; [[Zachary Taylor]], who made his name as a [[Kentucky]] resident and resided in [[Louisiana]] at the time of his election; and [[Woodrow Wilson]], who was a Virginia native but became the nation's chief executive after serving as president of [[Princeton University]] and [[governor of New Jersey]].

{{Gallery
|width=170
|height=200
|align=center
|File:Gilbert Stuart Williamstown Portrait of George Washington.jpg|[[George Washington]] ([[Presidency of George Washington|1789–1797]])
|File:Official Presidential portrait of Thomas Jefferson (by Rembrandt Peale, 1800)(cropped).jpg|[[Thomas Jefferson]] ([[Presidency of Thomas Jefferson|1801–1809]])
|File:James Madison(cropped)(c).jpg|[[James Madison]] ([[Presidency of James Madison|1809–1817]])
|File:James Monroe White House portrait 1819.jpg|[[James Monroe]] ([[Presidency of James Monroe|1817–1825]])
}}

==See also==
* [[List of presidents of the United States by home state]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{George Washington}}
⚫
[[Category:History of Virginia]]
{{John Adams}}
⚫
[[Category:United States presidential history]]
{{Thomas Jefferson}}
{{James Madison}}
{{James Monroe}}


⚫
[[Category:Political history of Virginia]]
[[pl:Dynastia wirginijska]]
⚫
[[Category:United States presidential history]]

Latest revision as of 16:47, 18 May 2024

The Virginia dynasty is a term sometimes used to describe the fact that four of the first five presidents of the United States were from Virginia. The term sometimes excludes George Washington, who, though a Virginia planter, was closely aligned with the policies of the Federalist Party, and was succeeded by his vice president, John Adams of Massachusetts. The first five presidents were, in order, George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe.

The defeat of Adams in 1800 by his vice president, Thomas Jefferson, who had previously served as Washington's secretary of state, marked the true beginning of the Virginia dynasty, which is usually associated with what is now called the Democratic-Republican Party, although it was generally referred to as simply the "Republican," "Democratic," or "Jeffersonian" Party at the time. Jefferson served two terms before retiring, in the Washingtonian precedent, in favor of his secretary of state, fellow Virginian James Madison, called the "Father of the Constitution." Although the War of 1812 greatly weakened Madison's popularity in the Northeast, especially in New England which consequently discussed secession, he was nonetheless re-elected rather easily in 1812 and was able to assist another Virginian who had remained loyal to him and the party, James Monroe, to be elected president in 1816.

By the end of Monroe's first term the Federalist Party had essentially disbanded and Monroe was re-elected in 1820 without any real opposition,[1] receiving every electoral vote except one, which went for Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, son of John Adams. Much later a myth arose that the dissenting elector had done so in order that George Washington would be the only president in American history to be elected unanimously.[2]

Monroe's second term marked the end of the Virginia dynasty. In the election of 1824, supporters of Virginia-born Georgia politician William H. Crawford portrayed him as "the rightful and legitimate successor of the Virginia Dynasty,"[3] but the Democratic-Republican Party splintered. John Quincy Adams won the disputed 1824 election over General Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, then considered to be part of the Southwest.

After Virginia contributed four of the first five presidents, who held office for 32 of the first 36 years under the Constitution, four other natives of Virginia have so far served as president. They were William Henry Harrison, Virginia-born but elected as a resident of Ohio; John Tyler, who was elected vice president in 1840 as Harrison's running mate, but wound up serving all but the first month of the latter's term after Harrison became the first president to die in office; Zachary Taylor, who made his name as a Kentucky resident and resided in Louisiana at the time of his election; and Woodrow Wilson, who was a Virginia native but became the nation's chief executive after serving as president of Princeton University and governor of New Jersey.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Sydnor, Charles S. (1966). The Development of Southern Sectionalism: 1819 - 1848. LSU Press.
  2. ^ Turner, Lynn W. (September 1955). "The Electoral Vote against Monroe in 1820-An American Legend". The Mississippi Valley Historical Review. 42 (2). Organization of American Historians: 250–273. doi:10.2307/1897643. JSTOR 1897643.
  3. ^ Lenner, Andrew C. (2001), "The Federal Principle in American Politics, 1790-1833." Rowman & Littlefield, p.152. ISBN 0-7425-2071-4.
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