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{{Short description|Star in the constellation Telescopus}}
{{Short description|High proper motion star}}
{{Starbox begin
{{Starbox begin
| name = Nu Telescopii
| name = [[Bayer designation|ν Telescopii]]
}}
{{Starbox image
| image ={{Location mark
| image=Telescopium IAU.svg | alt= | float=center | width=280
| label= | position=center
| mark=Red circle.svg | mark_width=7 | mark_link=Nu Telescopii
| x = 430 | y = 540
}}
| caption = Location of ν Telescopii (circled)
}}
}}
{{Starbox observe
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]
| epoch = [[J2000.0]] ([[International Celestial Reference System|ICRS]])
| equinox = [[J2000.0]] ([[International Celestial Reference System|ICRS]])
| constell = [[Telescopium]]
| constell = [[Telescopium]]
| ra = {{RA|19|48|01.19882}}<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| ra = {{RA|19|48|01.1977}}<ref name = EDR3/>
| dec = {{DEC|−56|21|45.3958}}<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| dec = {{DEC|−56|21|45.3996}}<ref name = EDR3/>
| appmag_v = +5.35<ref name=Johnson1966/>
| appmag_v = 5.33{{±|0.01}}<ref name = Tycho2000/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox character
{{Starbox character
| class = A7&nbsp;III–IV<ref name=houk1978/>
| class = A7 III/IV<ref name = Houk1975/>
| b-v = +0.20<ref name=Johnson1966/>
| b-v = +0.20<ref name=Johnson1966/>
| u-b =
| r-i =
| variable =
}}
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
{{Starbox astrometry
| radial_v =
| radial_v = −12.4{{±|4.2}}<ref name = Gontcharov2006/>
| prop_mo_ra = +92.25<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| prop_mo_ra = +90.983
| prop_mo_dec = −136.72<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| prop_mo_dec = −137.406
| parallax = 20.18
| parallax = 19.3152
| p_error = 0.30
| p_error = 0.0783
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/>
| parallax_footnote = <ref name = EDR3/>
| pm_footnote = <ref name = EDR3/>
| absmag_v = +1.86<ref name=Anderson2012/>
| absmag_v = +1.86<ref name=Anderson2012/>
}}
}}
Line 30: Line 36:
| source =
| source =
| mass = 1.85<ref name=David2015/>
| mass = 1.85<ref name=David2015/>
| radius = {{Val|2.109|0.078}}<ref name=Masana2006/>
| radius = 1.94{{±|0.09}}<ref name = A.P1999/>
| luminosity = 15.2<ref name=Anderson2012/>
| luminosity = 15.6{{±|0.1}}<ref name = GaiaDR2/>
| temperature = {{Val|8199|279|fmt=commas}}<ref name=David2015/>
| temperature = {{Val|8199|279|fmt=commas}}<ref name=David2015/>
| gravity = 4.22<ref name=David2015/>
| gravity = 4.08{{±|0.08|0.07}}<ref name = Stassun2019/>
| metal_fe =
| metal_fe = −0.02<ref name = Gontcharov2012/>
| rotational_velocity =
| rotational_velocity =
| age_myr = 686<ref name=David2015/>
| age_myr = 686<ref name=David2015/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox catalog
{{Starbox catalog
| names = {{odlist | B=ν Tel | CP=−56° 9290 | FK5=739 | HD=186543 | HIP=97421 | HR=7510 | SAO=246271 }}<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| names = {{odlist | B=ν Tel | CP=−56° 9290 | FK5=739 | HD=186543 | HIP=97421 | HR=7510 | SAO=246271 | Gould = 67 G. Telescopii}}<ref name=SIMBAD/><ref name = Gould1879/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox reference
{{Starbox reference
Line 45: Line 51:
}}
}}
{{Starbox end}}
{{Starbox end}}
'''Nu Telescopii''' (ν Telescopii) is a solitary,<ref name=Eggleton2008/> white-hued [[star]] in the southern [[constellation]] of [[Telescopium]]. With an [[apparent visual magnitude]] of +5.35,<ref name=Johnson1966/> it is faintly visible to the naked eye. There is a faint magnitude 9.3 companion star at an [[angular separation]] of 102&nbsp;[[arc second]]s along a [[position angle]] of 333°, as of 2010.<ref name=WDSC2014/> The estimated distance to Nu Telescopii, based upon an annual [[stellar parallax|parallax shift]] of 20.18&nbsp;[[milliarcsecond|mas]],<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007/> is about 162&nbsp;[[light year]]s.
'''Nu Telescopii''', [[romanization of Greek|Latinized]] from '''ν Telescopii''', is a slightly evolved [[star]] in the southern [[constellation]] [[Telescopium]]. It has an [[apparent visual magnitude]] of 5.33,<ref name=Johnson1966/> allowing it to be faintly visible to the [[naked eye]]. The object is relatively close at a distance of 169 [[light year]]s but is approaching the [[Solar System]] with a heliocentric [[radial velocity]] of about {{val|-12|ul=km/s}}.<ref name = Gontcharov2006/>


At the age of around 686&nbsp;million years,<ref name=David2015/> Nu Telescopii shows the [[stellar spectrum|spectral]] characteristics of an [[stellar evolution|evolving]] [[A-type star]] with a [[stellar classification]] of A7&nbsp;III–IV.<ref name=houk1978/> Here, the [[luminosity class]] of III–IV indicates mixed traits of a [[subgiant star|subgiant]] and a [[giant star]]. It has about 1.85<ref name=David2015/> times the [[mass of the Sun]] and 2.1<ref name=Masana2006/> times the [[Sun's radius]]. Based upon its motion through space, it is a candidate for membership in the [[IC 2391]] supercluster.<ref name=Eggen1995/>
There hasn't been much agreement on Nu Telescopii's [[spectral classification]]. It was initially categorized as [[Am star]], with a classification of kA4mF3IV:.<ref name = Hoffleit1953/> This indicates that the object has the [[calcium K-line]]s of an A4 star and the metallic lines of a F3 [[subgiant]]. However, Nu Telescopii was shown not to have a peculiar spectrum and was given a class of A9 Vn,<ref name = Evans1966/> indicating that it is an [[A-type main-sequence star]] displaying broad (nebulous) [[absorption lines]] due to rapid rotation. It has since been classified as an evolved A7 star with either a blended [[luminosity class]] of a [[giant star]] or [[subgiant]] (III/IV)<ref name = Houk1975/> or only [[subgiant]] (IV).<ref name = Abt1995/>

Nu Telescopii has a [[mass]] of {{val|1.85|ul=solar mass}} and an age of 686 [[million years]].<ref name=David2015/> It has 1.94 times the [[radius of the Sun]]<ref name = A.P1999/> and has an [[effective temperature]] of 8,199 [[Kelvin|K]].<ref name=David2015/> These parameters yield a [[luminosity]] of {{val|15.6|ul=solar luminosity}}<ref name = GaiaDR2/> from its [[photosphere]] and when viewed, has a white hue. Nu Telescopii's [[metallicity]] – what astronomers dub as elements heavier than [[helium]] – is around solar level.<ref name = Gontcharov2012/> Its motion in space matches that of the [[IC 2391]] cluster, making it a probable member.<ref name = Eggen1995/>

There is a faint magnitude 9.3 companion star at an [[angular separation]] of 102&nbsp;[[arc second]]s along a [[position angle]] of 333°, as of 2010.<ref name = Mason2001/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=


<ref name = EDR3>{{Cite Gaia EDR3|6448574845812814080}}</ref>
<ref name=vanLeeuwen2007>{{citation
| title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction
| last1=van Leeuwen | first1=F.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics
| volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | date=2007
| arxiv=0708.1752 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 | s2cid=18759600 | postscript=. }}</ref>


<ref name = Gontcharov2006>{{cite journal |last1=Gontcharov |first1=G. A. |title=Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system |journal=Astronomy Letters |date=November 2006 |volume=32 |issue=11 |pages=759–771 |doi=10.1134/S1063773706110065 |issn=1063-7737 |bibcode=2006AstL...32..759G |arxiv=1606.08053|s2cid=119231169 }}</ref>
<ref name=WDSC2014>{{citation
| display-authors=1 | last1=Mason | first1=B. D.
| last2=Wycoff | first2=G. L. | last3=Hartkopf | first3=W. I.
| last4=Douglass | first4=G. G. | last5=Worley | first5=C. E.
| title=The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog
| year=2014 | bibcode=2001AJ....122.3466M
| url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=B/wds
| accessdate=2015-07-22 | doi=10.1086/323920 | doi-access=free }}</ref>


<ref name=Eggen1995>{{citation
<ref name = GaiaDR2>{{Cite DR2|6448574845812814080}}</ref>
| title=Reality Tests of Superclusters in the Young Disk Population
| last1=Eggen | first1=Olin J.
| journal=Astronomical Journal | postscript=.
| volume=110 | page=2862 | date=December 1995
| doi=10.1086/117734 | bibcode=1995AJ....110.2862E }}</ref>


<ref name = Tycho2000>{{cite journal |last1=Høg |first1=E. |last2=Fabricius |first2=C. |last3=Makarov |first3=V. V. |last4=Urban |first4=S. |last5=Corbin |first5=T. |last6=Wycoff |first6=G. |last7=Bastian |first7=U. |last8=Schwekendiek |first8=P. |last9=Wicenec |first9=A. |title=The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |date=March 2000 |volume=355 |pages=L27–L30 |bibcode=2000A&A...355L..27H |issn=0004-6361 }}</ref>
<ref name=Masana2006>{{citation
| title=Effective temperature scale and bolometric corrections from 2MASS photometry
| display-authors=1 | last1=Masana | first1=E.
| last2=Jordi | first2=C. | last3=Ribas | first3= I.
| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | postscript=.
| volume=450 | issue=2 | pages=735 | year=2006
| doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20054021 | bibcode=2006A&A...450..735M |arxiv = astro-ph/0601049 | s2cid=15278668 }}</ref>


<ref name = Mason2001>{{cite journal |last1=Mason |first1=Brian D. |last2=Wycoff |first2=Gary L. |last3=Hartkopf |first3=William I. |last4=Douglass |first4=Geoffrey G. |last5=Worley |first5=Charles E. |title=The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=December 2001 |volume=122 |issue=6 |pages=3466–3471 |doi=10.1086/323920 |issn=0004-6256 |bibcode=2001AJ....122.3466M |doi-access=free}}</ref>
<ref name=houk1978>{{citation

| last1=Houk | first1=Nancy | last2=Cowley | first2=A. P.
<ref name = Eggen1995>{{cite journal | last1 = Eggen | first1 = Olin J. | title = Reality Tests of Superclusters in the Young Disk Population | journal = The Astronomical Journal | date = December 1995 | volume = 110 | page = 2862 | issn = 0004-6256 | doi = 10.1086/117734 | bibcode = 1995AJ....110.2862E | doi-access = }}</ref>
| title=Michigan catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars

| volume=1 | publication-place=Ann Arbor
<ref name = Gontcharov2012>{{cite journal |last1=Gontcharov |first1=G. A. |title=Dependence of kinematics on the age of stars in the solar neighborhood |journal=Astronomy Letters |date=December 2012 |volume=38 |issue=12 |pages=771–782 |doi=10.1134/S1063773712120031 |issn=0320-0108 |bibcode=2012AstL...38..771G |arxiv=1606.08814|s2cid=118345778 }}</ref>
| publisher=Dept. of Astronomy, University of Michigan

| year=1978 | bibcode=1975mcts.book.....H | postscript=. }}</ref>
<ref name = A.P1999>{{cite journal |last1=Allende Prieto |first1=C. |last2=Lambert |first2=D. L. |title=Fundamental parameters of nearby stars from the comparison with evolutionary calculations: masses, radii and effective temperatures |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |date=December 1999 |volume=352 |pages=555–562 |issn=0004-6361 |bibcode=1999A&A...352..555A |arxiv=astro-ph/9911002 }}</ref>

<ref name = Houk1975>{{cite book |last1=Houk |first1=N. |last2=Cowley |first2=A. P. |title=University of Michigan Catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars. Volume I. Declinations -90_ to -53_ƒ0. |date=1975 |bibcode=1975mcts.book.....H }}</ref>

<ref name = Hoffleit1953>{{cite journal |last1=Hoffleit |first1=Dorrit |title=The spectra and absolute magnitudes of 500 A3 - G2 stars |journal=Annals of Harvard College Observatory |date=1953 |volume=0119 |pages=1–35 |bibcode=1953AnHar.119....1H}}</ref>

<ref name = Evans1966>{{cite journal |last1=Evans |first1=D. S. |title=Fundamental data for Southern stars (6th list). |journal=Royal Greenwich Observatory Bulletins |date=1966 |volume=110 |pages=185 |bibcode=1966RGOB..110..185E}}</ref>

<ref name = Stassun2019>{{cite journal |display-authors=1 |last1=Stassun |first1=Keivan G. |last2=Oelkers |first2=Ryan J. |last3=Paegert |first3=Martin |last4=Torres |first4=Guillermo |last5=Pepper |first5=Joshua |last6=Lee |first6=Nathan De |last7=Collins |first7=Kevin |last8=Latham |first8=David W. |last9=Muirhead |first9=Philip S. |last10=Chittidi |first10=Jay |last11=Rojas-Ayala |first11=Bárbara |last12=Fleming |first12=Scott W. |last13=Rose |first13=Mark E. |last14=Tenenbaum |first14=Peter |last15=Ting |first15=Eric B. |last16=Kane |first16=Stephen R. |last17=Barclay |first17=Thomas |last18=Bean |first18=Jacob L. |last19=Brassuer |first19=C. E. |last20=Charbonneau |first20=David |last21=Ge |first21=Jian |last22=Lissauer |first22=Jack J. |last23=Mann |first23=Andrew W. |last24=McLean |first24=Brian |last25=Mullally |first25=Susan |last26=Narita |first26=Norio |last27=Plavchan |first27=Peter |last28=Ricker |first28=George R. |last29=Sasselov |first29=Dimitar |last30=Seager |first30=S. |last31=Sharma |first31=Sanjib |last32=Shiao |first32=Bernie |last33=Sozzetti |first33=Alessandro |last34=Stello |first34=Dennis |last35=Vanderspek |first35=Roland |last36=Wallace |first36=Geoff |last37=Winn |first37=Joshua N. |title=The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=9 September 2019 |volume=158 |issue=4 |pages=138 |doi=10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467 |issn=0004-6256 |bibcode=2019AJ....158..138S |arxiv=1905.10694 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name = Abt1995>{{cite journal |last1=Abt |first1=Helmut A. |last2=Morrell |first2=Nidia I. |title=The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |date=July 1995 |volume=99 |pages=135 |doi=10.1086/192182 |issn=0067-0049 |bibcode=1995ApJS...99..135A |doi-access=free}}</ref>


<ref name=Johnson1966>{{citation | display-authors=1
<ref name=Johnson1966>{{citation | display-authors=1
Line 97: Line 94:
| journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory
| journal=Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory
| volume=4 | issue=99 | year=1966
| volume=4 | issue=99 | year=1966
| bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J | postscript=. }}</ref>
| page=99 | bibcode=1966CoLPL...4...99J | postscript=. }}</ref>
<!--

<ref name=Eggleton2008>{{citation
<ref name=Eggleton2008>{{citation
| last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A.
| last1=Eggleton | first1=P. P. | last2=Tokovinin | first2=A. A.
Line 106: Line 103:
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E
| doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x | bibcode=2008MNRAS.389..869E
| arxiv=0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 | postscript=. }}</ref>
| arxiv=0806.2878 | s2cid=14878976 | postscript=. }}</ref>
-->

<ref name=David2015>{{citation
<ref name=David2015>{{citation
| title=The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets
| title=The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets
Line 115: Line 112:
| arxiv=1501.03154 | s2cid=33401607 | postscript=. }}</ref>
| arxiv=1501.03154 | s2cid=33401607 | postscript=. }}</ref>


<ref name = Anderson2012>{{cite journal |last1=Anderson |first1=E. |last2=Francis |first2=Ch. |title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation |journal=Astronomy Letters |date=May 2012 |volume=38 |issue=5 |pages=331–346 |doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015 |language=en |issn=1063-7737 |bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A |arxiv=1108.4971|s2cid=119257644 }}</ref>
<ref name=Anderson2012>{{citation
| title=XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation
| last1=Anderson | first1=E. | last2=Francis | first2=Ch.
| journal=Astronomy Letters
| volume=38 | issue=5 | pages=331 | year=2012
| bibcode=2012AstL...38..331A | doi=10.1134/S1063773712050015
| arxiv=1108.4971 | s2cid=119257644 | postscript=. }}</ref>


<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad
<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad
| title=nu. Tel
| title=nu. Tel
| accessdate=2017-06-01 | postscript=. }}</ref>
| accessdate=2017-06-01 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name = Gould1879>{{cite journal | last=Gould | first=Benjamin Apthorp | title=Uranometria Argentina : brillantez y posicion de las estrellas fijas, hasta la septima magnitud, comprendidas dentro de cien grados del polo austral : con atlas | journal=Resultados del Observatorio Nacional Argentino | volume=1 | bibcode=1879RNAO....1.....G | year=1878 | page=}}</ref>


}}
}}
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[[Category:A-type giants]]
[[Category:A-type giants]]
[[Category:Bayer objects|Telescopii, Nu]]
[[Category:Bayer objects|Telescopii, Nu]]
[[Category:Telescopium (constellation)]]
[[Category:Telescopium]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|186543]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|186543]]

Latest revision as of 05:50, 24 May 2024

ν Telescopii
Location of ν Telescopii (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Telescopium
Right ascension 19h 48m 01.1977s[1]
Declination −56° 21′ 45.3996″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 5.33±0.01[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type A7 III/IV[3]
B−V color index +0.20[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−12.4±4.2[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +90.983 mas/yr[1]
Dec.: −137.406 mas/yr[1]
Parallax (π)19.3152 ± 0.0783 mas[1]
Distance168.9 ± 0.7 ly
(51.8 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+1.86[6]
Details
Mass1.85[7] M☉
Radius1.94±0.09[8] R☉
Luminosity15.6±0.1[9] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.08+0.08
−0.07[10] cgs
Temperature8,199±279[7] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.02[11] dex
Age686[7] Myr
Other designations
ν Tel, 67 G. Telescopii, CPD−56° 9290, FK5 739, HD 186543, HIP 97421, HR 7510, SAO 246271[12][13]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Nu Telescopii, Latinized from ν Telescopii, is a slightly evolved star in the southern constellation Telescopium. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.33,[4] allowing it to be faintly visible to the naked eye. The object is relatively close at a distance of 169 light years but is approaching the Solar System with a heliocentric radial velocity of about −12 km/s.[5]

There hasn't been much agreement on Nu Telescopii's spectral classification. It was initially categorized as Am star, with a classification of kA4mF3IV:.[14] This indicates that the object has the calcium K-lines of an A4 star and the metallic lines of a F3 subgiant. However, Nu Telescopii was shown not to have a peculiar spectrum and was given a class of A9 Vn,[15] indicating that it is an A-type main-sequence star displaying broad (nebulous) absorption lines due to rapid rotation. It has since been classified as an evolved A7 star with either a blended luminosity class of a giant star or subgiant (III/IV)[3] or only subgiant (IV).[16]

Nu Telescopii has a mass of 1.85 M☉ and an age of 686 million years.[7] It has 1.94 times the radius of the Sun[8] and has an effective temperature of 8,199 K.[7] These parameters yield a luminosity of 15.6 L☉[9] from its photosphere and when viewed, has a white hue. Nu Telescopii's metallicity – what astronomers dub as elements heavier than helium – is around solar level.[11] Its motion in space matches that of the IC 2391 cluster, making it a probable member.[17]

There is a faint magnitude 9.3 companion star at an angular separation of 102 arc seconds along a position angle of 333°, as of 2010.[18]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e). Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. ^ Høg, E.; Fabricius, C.; Makarov, V. V.; Urban, S.; Corbin, T.; Wycoff, G.; Bastian, U.; Schwekendiek, P.; Wicenec, A. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27 – L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H. ISSN 0004-6361.
  3. ^ a b Houk, N.; Cowley, A. P. (1975). University of Michigan Catalogue of two-dimensional spectral types for the HD stars. Volume I. Declinations -90_ to -53_ƒ0. Bibcode:1975mcts.book.....H.
  4. ^ a b Johnson, H. L.; et al. (1966), "UBVRIJKL photometry of the bright stars", Communications of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, 4 (99): 99, Bibcode:1966CoLPL...4...99J.
  5. ^ a b Gontcharov, G. A. (November 2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv:1606.08053. Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065. ISSN 1063-7737. S2CID 119231169.
  6. ^ Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (May 2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331–346. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. ISSN 1063-7737. S2CID 119257644.
  7. ^ a b c d e David, Trevor J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2015), "The Ages of Early-Type Stars: Strömgren Photometric Methods Calibrated, Validated, Tested, and Applied to Hosts and Prospective Hosts of Directly Imaged Exoplanets", The Astrophysical Journal, 804 (2): 146, arXiv:1501.03154, Bibcode:2015ApJ...804..146D, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/2/146, S2CID 33401607.
  8. ^ a b Allende Prieto, C.; Lambert, D. L. (December 1999). "Fundamental parameters of nearby stars from the comparison with evolutionary calculations: masses, radii and effective temperatures". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 352: 555–562. arXiv:astro-ph/9911002. Bibcode:1999A&A...352..555A. ISSN 0004-6361.
  9. ^ a b Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  10. ^ Stassun, Keivan G.; et al. (9 September 2019). "The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (4): 138. arXiv:1905.10694. Bibcode:2019AJ....158..138S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467. ISSN 0004-6256.
  11. ^ a b Gontcharov, G. A. (December 2012). "Dependence of kinematics on the age of stars in the solar neighborhood". Astronomy Letters. 38 (12): 771–782. arXiv:1606.08814. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..771G. doi:10.1134/S1063773712120031. ISSN 0320-0108. S2CID 118345778.
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  14. ^ Hoffleit, Dorrit (1953). "The spectra and absolute magnitudes of 500 A3 - G2 stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory. 0119: 1–35. Bibcode:1953AnHar.119....1H.
  15. ^ Evans, D. S. (1966). "Fundamental data for Southern stars (6th list)". Royal Greenwich Observatory Bulletins. 110: 185. Bibcode:1966RGOB..110..185E.
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