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{{short description|British merchant ship 1787–1796}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2017}}
{| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image =
| Ship image = Justinian -& Surprize.jpg
| Ship caption = ''Justinian'' and ''Surprize'' standing into Sydney Bay, Norfolk Island, 23 August 1790; [[William Bradley (Royal Navy officer)|William Bradley]]
| Ship caption =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
| Ship country=United Kingdom
| Ship country=Great Britain
| Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|civil}}
| Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Great Britain|civil}}
| Ship name = ''Justinian''
| Ship name = ''Justinian''
| Ship namesake =
| Ship namesake =
| Ship owner = Hamilton & Co.<ref name=Hackman/>
| Ship owner = Hamilton & Co.{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}}
| Ship operator =
| Ship operator =
| Ship ordered =
| Ship ordered =
| Ship builder = Peter Everitt Mestaer, King and Queen Dock, Rotherhithe<ref name=Hackman/>
| Ship builder = [[Peter Everitt Mestaer]], King and Queen Dock, Rotherhithe{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}}
| Ship original cost =
| Ship original cost =
| Ship laid down =
| Ship laid down =
| Ship launched = 14 September 1787<ref name=Hackman/>
| Ship launched = 14 September 1787{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}}
| Ship acquired =
| Ship acquired =
| Ship commissioned =
| Ship commissioned =
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| Ship honors =
| Ship honors =
| Ship captured =
| Ship captured =
| Ship fate =
| Ship fate = Last listed 1796
| Ship status =
| Ship notes =
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
| Hide header =
| Hide header =
| Header caption =<ref name=Hackman/>
| Header caption ={{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}}
| Ship class =
| Ship class =
| Ship tons burthen = 375{{small|{{frac|5|94}}}}, or 401<ref>[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044020166302?urlappend=%3Bseq=188 ''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' (1790), seq. no. M559.]</ref> ([[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]])
| Ship tons burthen = 375{{small|{{frac|5|94}}}}, or 401<ref>''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044020166302?urlappend=%3Bseq=188 (1790), seq. no. M559.]</ref> ([[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]])
| Ship length = {{convert|86|ft|4|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (keel)
| Ship length = {{convert|86|ft|4|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (keel)
| Ship beam = {{convert|28|ft|7|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|28|ft|7|in|m|1|abbr=on}}
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|}
|}


'''''Justinian''''' was launched in 1787 at Rotherhithe as a West Indiaman. Between 1789 and 1791 she served as [[storeship]], carrying provisions to the [[convict settlement]] at [[New South Wales]]. From there she sailed to China, via Norfolk Island, where she picked up a cargo for the British [[East India Company]] (EIC); from there she sailed back to England.
'''''Justinian''''' was launched in 1787 at Rotherhithe as a [[West Indiaman]]. Between 1789 and 1791 she served as a [[storeship]], carrying provisions to the [[convict settlement]] at [[New South Wales]]. From there she sailed to China via Norfolk Island. She returned to England from China.


==Career==
⚫
==Transport to NSW and EIC voyage==
''Justinian'' first appeared in ''[[Lloyd's Register]]'' (''LR'') in 1790 with Maitland, master, Hamilton, owner, and trade London–Botany Bay.<ref name=LR1790>[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015050578064?urlappend=%3Bseq=182 ''LR'' (1790), Seq.№J559.]</ref>
⚫
''Justinian'' left England on 29 July 1789 for Jamaica. She arrived there, unloaded her cargo, loaded a cargo of sugar, and returned to England. There the government hired her to carry stores to New South Wales. She had left for Jamaica on the same day that [[Lady Juliana (1777 ship)|''Lady Juliana'']] left for Port Jackson, carrying [[convict]]s.


⚫
===Transport to NSW and EIC voyage===
⚫
Captain Benjamin Maitland sailed ''Justinian'' from [[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]], [[England]], on 20 January 1790. After calling at [[Madeira]] and [[Santiago, Cape Verde|St Jago]], she arrived at [[Sydney Cove]] in Port Jackson on 20 June, having been driven off from the harbour heads on 2 June. She had arrived at the Sydney Heads one day before ''Lady Juliana'' and only ill winds had prevented her from entering.<ref name=Anon.>Anon. (1894), p.55.</ref>
⚫
''Justinian'' left England on 29 July 1789 for Jamaica. She arrived there, unloaded her cargo, loaded a cargo of sugar, and returned to England. There the government hired her to carry stores to New South Wales. She had left for Jamaica on the same day that {{ship||Lady Juliana|1777 ship|2}} left for Port Jackson, carrying [[convict]]s.


⚫
Captain Benjamin Maitland sailed ''Justinian'' on 29 December 1789,{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}} and she left [[Falmouth, Cornwall|Falmouth]], [[England]], on 20 January 1790, bound for New South Wales and China. After calling at [[Madeira]] and [[Santiago, Cape Verde|St Jago]], she arrived at [[Sydney Cove]] in [[Port Jackson]] on 20 June,<ref name=ATCJ/> having been driven off from the harbour heads on 2 June. She had arrived at the Sydney Heads one day before ''Lady Juliana'' and only ill winds had prevented her from entering.{{sfnp|Anon.|1894|p=55}}
⚫
One week after ''Justinian''{{'}}s arrival, the three ships of the infamous [[Second Fleet (Australia)|Second Fleet]] arrived. After unloading, she departed for [[China]] on 28 July 1790, calling at [[Norfolk Island]] on the way.<ref>Becke (1899), p. 159.</ref><ref>Becke (1899), p.194.</ref>


⚫
One week after ''Justinian''{{'}}s arrival, the three ships of the infamous [[Second Fleet (Australia)|Second Fleet]] arrived. After unloading, she departed for [[China]] on 28 July 1790,<ref name=ATCJ>{{cite web |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71247621 |title=Arrival of Vessels at Port Jackson, and their Departure |work=Australian Town and Country Journal, Saturday 3 January 1891, p.17 |access-date=21 August 2012}}</ref> to load tea for the EIC for the return journey to Britain.
⚫
''Justinian'' arrived at England on 8 October 1791. She then returned to the West Indies trade.<ref name=Hackman>Hackman (2001), p.134.</ref> She was last listed in ''Lloyd's Register'' in 1796.


On the way, ''Justinian'' called at [[Norfolk Island]], arriving there on 28 August in company with {{ship||Surprize|1780 ship|2}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dictionaryofsydney.org/image/137378|title = Justinian and Surprize standing into Sydney Bay, Norfolk Island 23 August 1790 &#124; the Dictionary of Sydney}}</ref>{{sfnp|Becke|Jeffery|1899|pp=159, 194}}
⚫
==Citations and references==

'''Citations'''
⚫
''Justinian'' arrived at [[England]] on 8 October 1791. She then returned to the [[West Indies]] trade.{{sfnp|Hackman|2001|p=134}} She was last listed in ''Lloyd's Register'' in 1796.

⚫
==Citations==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|30em}}

'''References'''
==References==
*Anon. (1894) ''History of New South Wales from the Records: Phillip and Grose, 1789-1794''. (Charles Potter).
* {{cite book |author=Anon. |date=1894 |title=History of New South Wales from the Records: Phillip and Grose, 1789–1794 |publisher=Charles Potter}}
*{{cite book|last1=Becke|first1=Louis|authorlink1=George Lewis Becke|last2=Jeffery|first2=Walter|editor=H. F. Wilson|title=Admiral Phillip|accessdate=2015-07-27|series=Builders of Greater Britain|volume=|year=1899|publisher=T. Fisher Unwin|location=London|language=English|page=|chapter=}}
*{{cite book|last1=Becke|first1=Louis|author-link1=George Lewis Becke|last2=Jeffery|first2=Walter|editor=H. F. Wilson|title=Admiral Phillip|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.30682|series=Builders of Greater Britain|year=1899|publisher=T. Fisher Unwin|location=London|language=en}}
*Hackman, Rowan (2001) ''Ships of the East India Company''. (Gravesend, Kent: World Ship Society). ISBN 0-905617-96-7
* {{cite book |last=Hackman |first=Rowan |date=2001 |title=Ships of the East India Company |location=Gravesend, Kent |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-96-7 }}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Justinian (1787 ship)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Justinian (1787 ship)}}
[[Category:Freighters]]
[[Category:Cargo ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ships of the Second Fleet]]
[[Category:Ships of the Second Fleet]]
[[Category:1787 ships]]
[[Category:1787 ships]]
[[Category:Rotherhithe-built ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Rotherhithe]]
[[Category:Age of Sail merchant ships]]
[[Category:Age of Sail merchant ships]]
[[Category:Merchant ships of the United Kingdom]]

Latest revision as of 00:33, 26 May 2024

Justinian and Surprize standing into Sydney Bay, Norfolk Island, 23 August 1790; William Bradley
History
Great Britain
NameJustinian
OwnerHamilton & Co.[1]
BuilderPeter Everitt Mestaer, King and Queen Dock, Rotherhithe[1]
Launched14 September 1787[1]
FateLast listed 1796
General characteristics [1]
Tons burthen3755⁄94, or 401[2] (bm)
Length86 ft 4 in (26.3 m) (keel)
Beam28 ft 7 in (8.7 m)
Depth of hold12 ft 3 in (3.7 m)
PropulsionSail

Justinian was launched in 1787 at Rotherhithe as a West Indiaman. Between 1789 and 1791 she served as a storeship, carrying provisions to the convict settlement at New South Wales. From there she sailed to China via Norfolk Island. She returned to England from China.

Career

[edit]

Justinian first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1790 with Maitland, master, Hamilton, owner, and trade London–Botany Bay.[3]

Transport to NSW and EIC voyage

[edit]

Justinian left England on 29 July 1789 for Jamaica. She arrived there, unloaded her cargo, loaded a cargo of sugar, and returned to England. There the government hired her to carry stores to New South Wales. She had left for Jamaica on the same day that Lady Juliana left for Port Jackson, carrying convicts.

Captain Benjamin Maitland sailed Justinian on 29 December 1789,[1] and she left Falmouth, England, on 20 January 1790, bound for New South Wales and China. After calling at Madeira and St Jago, she arrived at Sydney Cove in Port Jackson on 20 June,[4] having been driven off from the harbour heads on 2 June. She had arrived at the Sydney Heads one day before Lady Juliana and only ill winds had prevented her from entering.[5]

One week after Justinian's arrival, the three ships of the infamous Second Fleet arrived. After unloading, she departed for China on 28 July 1790,[4] to load tea for the EIC for the return journey to Britain.

On the way, Justinian called at Norfolk Island, arriving there on 28 August in company with Surprize.[6][7]

Justinian arrived at England on 8 October 1791. She then returned to the West Indies trade.[1] She was last listed in Lloyd's Register in 1796.

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Hackman (2001), p. 134.
  2. ^ Lloyd's Register (1790), seq. no. M559.
  3. ^ LR (1790), Seq.№J559.
  4. ^ a b "Arrival of Vessels at Port Jackson, and their Departure". Australian Town and Country Journal, Saturday 3 January 1891, p.17. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  5. ^ Anon. (1894), p. 55.
  6. ^ "Justinian and Surprize standing into Sydney Bay, Norfolk Island 23 August 1790 | the Dictionary of Sydney".
  7. ^ Becke & Jeffery (1899), pp. 159, 194.

References

[edit]
  • Anon. (1894). History of New South Wales from the Records: Phillip and Grose, 1789–1794. Charles Potter.
  • Becke, Louis; Jeffery, Walter (1899). H. F. Wilson (ed.). Admiral Phillip. Builders of Greater Britain. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
  • Hackman, Rowan (2001). Ships of the East India Company. Gravesend, Kent: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-96-7.
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