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{{Short description|American illusionist, magic historian, and author (1914–1984)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Milbourne Christopher
| name = Milbourne Christopher
| image = Magician Milbourne Christopher.png
| image = Magician Milbourne Christopher.png
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 23 March 1914
| birth_date = 23 March 1914
| birth_place = [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], U.S.
| death_date = {{d-da|17 June 1984|23 March 1914}}<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/19/obituaries/milbourne-christopher-70-magician-on-stage-and-tv.html | work=The New York Times | title=Milbourne Christopher, 70, Magician On Stage And TV | date=June 19, 1984 | accessdate=May 12, 2010}}</ref>
| death_date = {{death-date and age|17 June 1984|23 March 1914}}<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/19/obituaries/milbourne-christopher-70-magician-on-stage-and-tv.html | work=The New York Times | title=Milbourne Christopher, 70, Magician On Stage And TV | date=June 19, 1984 | access-date=May 12, 2010}}</ref>
| death_place = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
| death_place = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
| occupation = [[Magic (illusion)|Magician]], [[historian]], and [[Skepticism|skeptic]]
| occupation = [[Magic (illusion)|Magician]], [[historian]], and [[Skepticism|skeptic]]
| salary =
| networth =
| networth =
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
| signature =
| signature =
}}
}}


'''Milbourne Christopher''' (23 March 1914 – 17 June 1984) was a prominent American [[Magic (illusion)|illusionist]], magic historian, and author.
'''Milbourne Christopher''' (23 March 1914 – 17 June 1984) was a prominent American [[Magic (illusion)|illusionist]], magic historian, and author.


President of the [[Society of American Magicians]], an honorary vice-president to [[The Magic Circle]], and one of the founding members of the [[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]], Christopher wrote a number of books, including a biography of [[Harry Houdini]] titled ''Houdini: The Untold Story,'' a chronicle of his own craft titled ''The Illustrated History Of Magic,'' and thousands of essays relating to magic and [[mentalism]].<ref>Hövelmann. Gerd H; [[Marcello Truzzi|Truzzi, Marcello]]; [[Piet Hein Hoebens|Hoebens, Piet Hein]]. (1985). ''Skeptical Literature on Parapsychology: An Annotated Bibliography''. In [[Paul Kurtz]]. ''A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology''. Prometheus Books. pp. 449-490. {{ISBN|0-87975-300-5}}</ref>
President of the [[Society of American Magicians]], an honorary vice-president to [[The Magic Circle (organisation)|The Magic Circle]], and one of the founding members of the [[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]], Christopher wrote a number of books, including a biography of [[Harry Houdini]] titled ''Houdini: The Untold Story,'' a chronicle of his own craft titled ''The Illustrated History Of Magic,'' and thousands of essays relating to magic and [[mentalism]].<ref>Hövelmann. Gerd H; [[Marcello Truzzi|Truzzi, Marcello]]; [[Piet Hein Hoebens|Hoebens, Piet Hein]]. (1985). ''Skeptical Literature on Parapsychology: An Annotated Bibliography''. In [[Paul Kurtz]]. ''A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology''. Prometheus Books. pp. 449–490. {{ISBN|0879753005}}</ref>


== Debunking work ==
== Debunking work ==
⚫
Christopher regarded those individuals who claimed [[extrasensory perception]] or [[psychic]] powers to be actually using magic trickery. He wrote three book-length exposés regarding those he said were false seers or psychics: ''ESP, Seers & Psychics;'' ''Mediums, Mystics & The Occult;'' and ''Search For The Soul.'' In the latter book he found no evidence for the existence of the [[soul]].<ref>[https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/milbourne-christopher-2/search-for-the-soul/ "Search for the Soul"]. Kirkus Reviews.</ref> Skeptical investigator [[Joe Nickell]] who was influenced by Christopher recommended the books "without reservation."<ref>[http://www.centerforinquiry.net/blogs/entry/celebrating_milbourne_christopher/ "Celebrating Milbourne Christopher"]. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>

⚫
Christopher regarded those individuals who claimed [[extrasensory perception]] or [[psychic]] powers to be actually using magic trickery. He wrote three book-length exposés regarding those he said were false seers or psychics: ''ESP, Seers & Psychics;'' ''Mediums, Mystics, & The Occult;'' and ''Search For The Soul.'' In the latter book he found no evidence for the existence of the [[soul]].<ref>[https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/milbourne-christopher-2/search-for-the-soul/ "Search for the Soul"]. Kirkus Reviews.</ref> Skeptical investigator [[Joe Nickell]] who was influenced by Christopher recommended the books "without reservation."<ref>[http://www.centerforinquiry.net/blogs/entry/celebrating_milbourne_christopher/ "Celebrating Milbourne Christopher"]. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>


Christopher also debunked [[parapsychology]] experiments and experimenters during his lifetime. Ironically, despite his denial of the existence of psychic or paranormal powers, and like fellow magicians [[Harry Houdini]] and [[James Randi]], both of whom also worked to expose false psychics and mediums, Christopher was accused by some of using paranormal powers to perform his own magic tricks and illusions.<ref>Christopher, Milbourne. (1975). ''Mediums, Mystics & The Occult''. New York: Crowell. p. 233</ref>
Christopher also debunked [[parapsychology]] experiments and experimenters during his lifetime. Ironically, despite his denial of the existence of psychic or paranormal powers, and like fellow magicians [[Harry Houdini]] and [[James Randi]], both of whom also worked to expose false psychics and mediums, Christopher was accused by some of using paranormal powers to perform his own magic tricks and illusions.<ref>Christopher, Milbourne. (1975). ''Mediums, Mystics & The Occult''. New York: Crowell. p. 233</ref>


== Posthumous achievements ==
== Posthumous achievements ==
⚫
In November 2010, Christopher's widow, Maurine Brooks Christopher, published a special edition of ''Houdini: A Pictorial Life'' with Christopher as collection curator.<ref>[http://www.wildabouthoudini.com/2010/11/houdini-pictorial-life-collectors.html "Houdini A Pictorial Life Collector's Edition"]. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>


⚫
At a meeting of the executive council of the [[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry|Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI)]] in [[Denver]], [[Colorado]] in April 2011, Christopher was selected for inclusion in CSI's Pantheon of Skeptics. The Pantheon of Skeptics was created by CSI to remember the legacy of deceased fellows of CSI and their contributions to the cause of scientific skepticism.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Pantheon of Skeptics|url=http://www.csicop.org/about/the_pantheon_of_skeptics|website=CSI|publisher=[[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]]|access-date=30 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131054129/http://www.csicop.org/about/the_pantheon_of_skeptics|archive-date=31 January 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
⚫
In November 2010, Christopher's widow, Maurine Brooks Christopher, published a special edition of ''Houdini: A Pictorial Life'' with Christopher Collection curator.<ref>[http://www.wildabouthoudini.com/2010/11/houdini-pictorial-life-collectors.html "Houdini A Pictorial Life Collector's Edition"]. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>


⚫
In 2012, the book ''Milbourne Christopher: The Man & His Magic,'' was authored by William V. Rauscher.<ref>[http://www.nnmagic.com/books/christopher.htm Milbourne Christopher: The Man and His Magic] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220191755/http://www.nnmagic.com/books/christopher.htm |date=2014-12-20 }}. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>
⚫
At a meeting of the executive council of the [[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry|Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI)]] in [[Denver]], [[Colorado]] in April 2011, Christopher was selected for inclusion in CSI's Pantheon of Skeptics. The Pantheon of Skeptics was created by CSI to remember the legacy of deceased fellows of CSI and their contributions to the cause of scientific skepticism.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Pantheon of Skeptics|url=http://www.csicop.org/about/the_pantheon_of_skeptics|website=CSI|publisher=[[Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]]|accessdate=30 April 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131054129/http://www.csicop.org/about/the_pantheon_of_skeptics|archivedate=31 January 2017|dead-url=no}}</ref>


The Milbourne Christopher Foundation was established to encourage excellence, originality and leadership in the magical arts and to help keep conjuring on a level with the other most popular entertainment forms – dance, drama, comedy and music. Incorporated in New York State in 1991, the foundation is federally approved as a charitable organization which was financially supported in the past, and so too will be in the future, through her contributions. The board members have changed through the years, as have several of the award judges. Both the officers and award judges donate their services to the foundation.
⚫
In 2012, the book ''Milbourne Christopher: The Man & His Magic,'' was authored by William V. Rauscher.<ref>[http://www.nnmagic.com/books/christopher.htm Milbourne Christopher: The Man and His Magic]. Retrieved 16 May 2016.</ref>


It was Mrs Christopher's wish, and the purpose of the foundation, to sponsor annual awards that spotlight the best magic has to offer contemporaneously in performing, writing, publishing and invention. The categories reflect Milbourne Christopher's diversified career. This includes the areas of:
The [[Society of American Magicians]] honors his memory annually by presenting "The Milbourne Christopher Awards" to performing magicians and illusionists in various categories, including: the Masters Award, Lifetime Achievement Award, Mentalist Award, Literary Award, and a Newcomer Award.<ref>[http://MagicTimes%20News%20Archives%20-%20July%2018,%202005%20 ''MagicTimes News.'' ] - July 18, 2005.</ref>

* Author and/or publisher
* Outstanding illusionist and/or illusion creator
* Promising young magician
* Mentalist
* Lifetime achievement/master's award
* Ambassador of Magic

Winners in other areas may be added at the discretion of the judges, and not all winner categories are awarded each year. The charter also authorizes the use of the foundation's resources to collect classic books of magic – such as Christopher's ''Illustrated History of Magic'', ''Panorama of Magic'' and his biographies of Houdini.


== Awards ==
== Awards ==
* The [[Academy of Magical Arts]] Outstanding Contribution to Magic (1969)<ref>{{cite web|title=Hall of Fame|url=http://www.magiccastle.com/hall_of_fame/|website=The Academy of Magical Arts}}</ref>
* The [[Academy of Magical Arts]] Outstanding Contribution to Magic (1969)<ref name="Hall of Fame">{{cite web|title=Hall of Fame|url=http://www.magiccastle.com/hall_of_fame/|website=The Academy of Magical Arts}}</ref>
* The Academy of Magical Arts Lecturer of the Year (1975)<ref name="Hall of Fame"/>



== Publications ==
== Publications ==
* [https://archive.org/details/StretchingARope ''Stretching A Rope'']. Kanter's Magic Shop. 1938. {{ISBN?}}

*Christopher, Milbourne (1938). [https://archive.org/details/StretchingARope ''Stretching A Rope'']. Kanter's Magic Shop.
* [https://archive.org/details/MagicAtYourFingerTips ''Magic At Your Finger Tips'']. Maryland Magic Studio. 1947. {{ISBN?}}
*Christopher, Milbourne (1947). [https://archive.org/details/MagicAtYourFingerTips ''Magic At Your Finger Tips'']. Maryland Magic Studio.
* [https://archive.org/details/50TricksWithAThumbTip ''50 Tricks With A Thumb Tip'']. D. Robbins & Company. 1948. {{ISBN?}}
*Christopher, Milbourne (1948). [https://archive.org/details/50TricksWithAThumbTip ''50 Tricks With A Thumb Tip'']. D. Robbins & Company.
* [https://archive.org/details/ConjuringWithChristopher ''Conjuring With Christopher'']. Holden's Magic Shop. 1949. {{ISBN?}}
⚫
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=YtsDAAAAMBAJ&dq=The+Greatest+Magic+Illusions+Of+All+Time+Milbourne+Christopher&pg=PA97 ''The Greatest Magic Illusions Of All Time''], article for ''[[Popular Mechanics]]'' magazine. 1958.
*Christopher, Milbourne (1949). [https://archive.org/details/ConjuringWithChristopher ''Conjuring With Christopher'']. Holden's Magic Shop.
* {{cite book| title= Panorama Of Magic | location=New York | publisher=Dover | year=1962 |page=216 | isbn=0486207749 | lccn=62-51376 }}
⚫
*Christopher, Milbourne (1958). [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YtsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=The+Greatest+Magic+Illusions+Of+All+Time+Milbourne+Christopher&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi95pze6rfNAhXJChoKHSzDBoIQuwUIJDAB#v=onepage&q=The%20Greatest%20Magic%20Illusions%20Of%20All%20Time%20Milbourne%20Christopher&f=false ''The Greatest Magic Illusions Of All Time''], article for ''[[Popular Mechanics]]'' magazine.
* {{cite book| title= Panorama Of Magic | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Dover | year=1962 |page=216 | isbn=0-486-20774-9 | lccn=62-51376 }}
* {{cite book| title=Houdini: The Untold Story | url=https://archive.org/details/houdiniuntoldsto00chri | url-access=registration | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1969 |page=[https://archive.org/details/houdiniuntoldsto00chri/page/281 281]| oclc=4255 }}
* {{cite book| title=Houdini: The Untold Story | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1969 |page=281| oclc=4255 }}
* {{cite book| title=ESP, Seers & Psychics: What The Occult Really Is | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1970 |page=268| isbn=978-0690268157 | oclc=97063 }}
* {{cite book| title=ESP, Seers & Psychics: What The Occult Really Is | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1970 |page=268| isbn=978-0-690-26815-7 | oclc=97063 }}
* {{cite book | title=The Illustrated History Of Magic | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1973 | page=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedhisto00chri/page/452 452] | isbn=0435070169 | oclc=668533 | url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedhisto00chri/page/452 }}
* {{cite book| title=The Illustrated History Of Magic | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1973 |page=452 | isbn=0-435-07016-9 | oclc=668533 }}
* {{cite book| title=Mediums, Mystics, & The Occult: New Revelations About Psychics And Their Secrets | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1975 |page=275 | isbn=0690004761 | oclc=1095102 }}
* {{cite book| title=Mediums, Mystics, & The Occult: New Revelations About Psychics And Their Secrets | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1975 |page=275 | isbn=0-690-00476-1 | oclc=1095102 }}
* {{cite book| title=Milbourne Christopher's Magic Book |location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1977 |page=240 | isbn=0690016778 | oclc=3088945 }}
* {{cite book| title=Milbourne Christopher's Magic Book | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1977 |page=240 | isbn=0-690-01677-8 | oclc=3088945 }}
* {{cite book | title=Search For The Soul: An Insider's Report On The Continuing Quest By Psychics & Scientists For Evidence Of Life After Death | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1979 | page=[https://archive.org/details/searchforsoul0000chri/page/206 206] | isbn=069001760X | oclc=5241692 | url=https://archive.org/details/searchforsoul0000chri/page/206 }}
* {{cite book| title=Search For The Soul: An Insider's Report On The Continuing Quest By Psychics & Scientists For Evidence Of Life After Death | first=Milbourne | last=Christopher | location=New York | publisher=Crowell | year=1979 |page=206 | isbn=0-690-01760-X | oclc=5241692 }}


== References ==
== References ==
Line 59: Line 67:


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.milbournechristopher.com/ MilbourneChristopher.com]
* [http://www.milbournechristopher.com/ MilbourneChristopher.com]
*{{IBDB name|14427}}
* {{IBDB name|14427}}
*{{IMDb name|1874002}}
* {{IMDb name|1874002}}


{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Academy of Magical Arts Lecturer of the Year}}
{{Academy of Magical Arts Lecturer of the Year}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:American skeptics]]
[[Category:American skeptics]]
[[Category:Critics of parapsychology]]
[[Category:Critics of parapsychology]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry]]
[[Category:Harry Houdini]]
[[Category:Harry Houdini]]
[[Category:Historians of magic]]
[[Category:Historians of magic]]
[[Category:People from Maryland]]
[[Category:People from Maryland]]
[[Category:Academy of Magical Arts Lecturer of the Year winners]]
[[Category:Professional magicians]]

Latest revision as of 22:57, 26 May 2024

Milbourne Christopher
Born23 March 1914
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Died17 June 1984 (1984-06-18) (aged 70)[1]
New York City, New York, U.S.
Occupation(s)Magician, historian, and skeptic

Milbourne Christopher (23 March 1914 – 17 June 1984) was a prominent American illusionist, magic historian, and author.

President of the Society of American Magicians, an honorary vice-president to The Magic Circle, and one of the founding members of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, Christopher wrote a number of books, including a biography of Harry Houdini titled Houdini: The Untold Story, a chronicle of his own craft titled The Illustrated History Of Magic, and thousands of essays relating to magic and mentalism.[2]

Debunking work

[edit]

Christopher regarded those individuals who claimed extrasensory perception or psychic powers to be actually using magic trickery. He wrote three book-length exposés regarding those he said were false seers or psychics: ESP, Seers & Psychics; Mediums, Mystics & The Occult; and Search For The Soul. In the latter book he found no evidence for the existence of the soul.[3] Skeptical investigator Joe Nickell who was influenced by Christopher recommended the books "without reservation."[4]

Christopher also debunked parapsychology experiments and experimenters during his lifetime. Ironically, despite his denial of the existence of psychic or paranormal powers, and like fellow magicians Harry Houdini and James Randi, both of whom also worked to expose false psychics and mediums, Christopher was accused by some of using paranormal powers to perform his own magic tricks and illusions.[5]

Posthumous achievements

[edit]

In November 2010, Christopher's widow, Maurine Brooks Christopher, published a special edition of Houdini: A Pictorial Life with Christopher as collection curator.[6]

At a meeting of the executive council of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) in Denver, Colorado in April 2011, Christopher was selected for inclusion in CSI's Pantheon of Skeptics. The Pantheon of Skeptics was created by CSI to remember the legacy of deceased fellows of CSI and their contributions to the cause of scientific skepticism.[7]

In 2012, the book Milbourne Christopher: The Man & His Magic, was authored by William V. Rauscher.[8]

The Milbourne Christopher Foundation was established to encourage excellence, originality and leadership in the magical arts and to help keep conjuring on a level with the other most popular entertainment forms – dance, drama, comedy and music. Incorporated in New York State in 1991, the foundation is federally approved as a charitable organization which was financially supported in the past, and so too will be in the future, through her contributions. The board members have changed through the years, as have several of the award judges. Both the officers and award judges donate their services to the foundation.

It was Mrs Christopher's wish, and the purpose of the foundation, to sponsor annual awards that spotlight the best magic has to offer contemporaneously in performing, writing, publishing and invention. The categories reflect Milbourne Christopher's diversified career. This includes the areas of:

  • Author and/or publisher
  • Outstanding illusionist and/or illusion creator
  • Promising young magician
  • Mentalist
  • Lifetime achievement/master's award
  • Ambassador of Magic

Winners in other areas may be added at the discretion of the judges, and not all winner categories are awarded each year. The charter also authorizes the use of the foundation's resources to collect classic books of magic – such as Christopher's Illustrated History of Magic, Panorama of Magic and his biographies of Houdini.

Awards

[edit]

Publications

[edit]
  • Stretching A Rope. Kanter's Magic Shop. 1938. [ISBN missing]
  • Magic At Your Finger Tips. Maryland Magic Studio. 1947. [ISBN missing]
  • 50 Tricks With A Thumb Tip. D. Robbins & Company. 1948. [ISBN missing]
  • Conjuring With Christopher. Holden's Magic Shop. 1949. [ISBN missing]
  • The Greatest Magic Illusions Of All Time, article for Popular Mechanics magazine. 1958.
  • Panorama Of Magic. New York: Dover. 1962. p. 216. ISBN 0486207749. LCCN 62-51376.
  • Houdini: The Untold Story. New York: Crowell. 1969. p. 281. OCLC 4255.
  • ESP, Seers & Psychics: What The Occult Really Is. New York: Crowell. 1970. p. 268. ISBN 978-0690268157. OCLC 97063.
  • The Illustrated History Of Magic. New York: Crowell. 1973. p. 452. ISBN 0435070169. OCLC 668533.
  • Mediums, Mystics, & The Occult: New Revelations About Psychics And Their Secrets. New York: Crowell. 1975. p. 275. ISBN 0690004761. OCLC 1095102.
  • Milbourne Christopher's Magic Book. New York: Crowell. 1977. p. 240. ISBN 0690016778. OCLC 3088945.
  • Search For The Soul: An Insider's Report On The Continuing Quest By Psychics & Scientists For Evidence Of Life After Death. New York: Crowell. 1979. p. 206. ISBN 069001760X. OCLC 5241692.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Milbourne Christopher, 70, Magician On Stage And TV". The New York Times. June 19, 1984. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  2. ^ Hövelmann. Gerd H; Truzzi, Marcello; Hoebens, Piet Hein. (1985). Skeptical Literature on Parapsychology: An Annotated Bibliography. In Paul Kurtz. A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. pp. 449–490. ISBN 0879753005
  3. ^ "Search for the Soul". Kirkus Reviews.
  4. ^ "Celebrating Milbourne Christopher". Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  5. ^ Christopher, Milbourne. (1975). Mediums, Mystics & The Occult. New York: Crowell. p. 233
  6. ^ "Houdini A Pictorial Life Collector's Edition". Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  7. ^ "The Pantheon of Skeptics". CSI. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  8. ^ Milbourne Christopher: The Man and His Magic Archived 2014-12-20 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
  9. ^ a b "Hall of Fame". The Academy of Magical Arts.
[edit]
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