Operation Avalanche naval order of battle: Difference between revisions
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==== Northern Landing Force (Task Force 85) ==== |
==== Northern Landing Force (Task Force 85) ==== |
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Commodore '''G.N. Oliver''', RN |
Commodore '''G.N. Oliver''', RN |
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: Embarking [[Image:X_Corps.png| |
: Embarking [[Image:X_Corps.png|14px]] [[X Corps (United Kingdom)|British X Corps]] (Lt. Gen. [[Richard McCreery]], BA) |
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:: '''Combat vessels''' |
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:: 2 [[amphibious force flagship]]s: [[HMS Hilary (1940)|HMS ''Hilary'']], [[USS Biscayne|USS ''Biscayne'']] |
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:: 4 [[light cruiser]]s: [[HMS Mauritius (80)|HMS ''Mauritius'']], [[HMS Uganda|HMS ''Uganda]], [[HMS Orion (85)|HMS ''Orion'']], [[HMS Delhi (D47)|HMS ''Delhi'']] |
::: 4 [[light cruiser]]s: [[HMS Mauritius (80)|HMS ''Mauritius'']], [[HMS Uganda|HMS ''Uganda'']], [[HMS Orion (85)|HMS ''Orion'']], [[HMS Delhi (D47)|HMS ''Delhi'']] |
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:: 1 [[monitor (warship)|monitor]]: [[HMS Roberts (F40)|HMS ''Roberts'']] |
::: 1 [[monitor (warship)|monitor]]: [[HMS Roberts (F40)|HMS ''Roberts'']] |
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:: 18 [[destroyer]]s: 17 British, 1 Greek |
::: 18 [[destroyer]]s: 17 British, 1 Greek |
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:: '''Amphibious assault vessels''' |
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| ⚫ | |||
:: |
::: 2 [[amphibious force flagship]]s: [[HMS Hilary (1940)|HMS ''Hilary'']], [[USS Biscayne|USS ''Biscayne'']] |
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:: 13 [[troopship|transport]]s and [[Landing ship, infantry|LSI]]s |
::: 13 [[troopship|transport]]s and [[Landing ship, infantry|LSI]]s |
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:: 90 [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s: 45 American, 45 British |
::: 90 [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s: 45 American, 45 British |
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:: 84 [[Landing Craft Tank|LCT]]s: 24 American, 60 British (5 sunk) |
::: 84 [[Landing Craft Tank|LCT]]s: 24 American, 60 British (5 sunk) |
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:: 96 [[Landing Ship Infantry|LCI(L)]]s: 48 American, 48 British |
::: 96 [[Landing Ship Infantry|LCI(L)]]s: 48 American, 48 British |
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:: '''Auxiliaries''' |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
::: 4 [[tugboat|tug]]s (1 sunk by air attack 13 September) |
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| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
==== Southern Landing Force (Task Force 81) ==== |
==== Southern Landing Force (Task Force 81) ==== |
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[[File:USSRevengeAM110.jpg|thumb|USS ''Revenge'', a World War II-era Auk class minesweeper]] |
[[File:USSRevengeAM110.jpg|thumb|USS ''Revenge'', a World War II-era Auk class minesweeper]] |
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[[File:PT boat underway_c1945.jpg|thumb|World War II-era US PT boat in 1945]] |
[[File:PT boat underway_c1945.jpg|thumb|World War II-era US PT boat in 1945]] |
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: Embarking [[File:US VI Corps SSI.png| |
: Embarking [[File:US VI Corps SSI.png|14px]] [[VI Corps (United States)|US VI Corps]] (Maj. Gen. [[Ernest J. Dawley]], USA) |
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:: '''Fire Support Group (TG 81.5)''' |
:: '''Fire Support Group (TG 81.5)''' |
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:: Rear Admiral |
:: Rear Admiral [[Lyal A. Davidson]] |
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::: 4 [[light cruiser]]s: [[USS Philadelphia (CL-41)|USS ''Philadelphia'']], [[USS Savannah (CL-42)|USS ''Savannah'']], [[USS Boise (CL-47)|USS ''Boise'']], [[USS Brooklyn (CL-40)|USS ''Brooklyn'']] |
::: 4 [[light cruiser]]s: [[USS Philadelphia (CL-41)|USS ''Philadelphia'']], [[USS Savannah (CL-42)|USS ''Savannah'']], [[USS Boise (CL-47)|USS ''Boise'']], [[USS Brooklyn (CL-40)|USS ''Brooklyn'']] |
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::: 1 [[monitor (warship)|monitor]]: [[HMS Abercrombie (F109)|HMS ''Abercrombie'']] |
::: 1 [[monitor (warship)|monitor]]: [[HMS Abercrombie (F109)|HMS ''Abercrombie'']] |
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::: 4 [[destroyer]]s (1 sunk by submarine 12 October) |
::: 4 [[destroyer]]s (1 sunk by submarine 12 October) |
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:: '''Screen (TG 81.6)''' |
:: '''Screen (TG 81.6)''' |
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:: Capt. |
:: Capt. Charles Wellborn |
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::: 12 destroyers (1 sunk by torpedo boat 10 September) |
::: 12 destroyers (1 sunk by torpedo boat 10 September) |
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: |
: '''Transport Group (TG 81.2)''' |
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: Capt. C.D. Edgar |
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::: 19 [[troopship|transport]]s: 14 American, 5 British |
::: 19 [[troopship|transport]]s: 14 American, 5 British |
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::: 3 [[landing ship, tank|LST]]s: all British |
::: 3 [[landing ship, tank|LST]]s: all British |
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::: 6 scout boats |
::: 6 scout boats |
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: |
: '''Landing Craft Group (TG 81.3)''' |
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: Capt. F.M. Adams |
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::: 27 [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s: 18 American, 9 British |
::: 27 [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s: 18 American, 9 British |
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::: 32 [[Landing Craft Infantry|LCI]]s: 26 American, 6 British |
::: 32 [[Landing Craft Infantry|LCI]]s: 26 American, 6 British |
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::: 6 [[Landing Craft Tank|LCT]]s: all American |
::: 6 [[Landing Craft Tank|LCT]]s: all American |
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: |
: '''Control Group (TG 81.7)''' |
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: Cmdr. R.D. Lowther, USNR |
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::: 8 [[submarine chaser|subchasers]] (steel hull), 4 [[Landing Craft Support|LCS]]s |
::: 8 [[submarine chaser|subchasers]] (steel hull), 4 [[Landing Craft Support|LCS]]s |
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: TG 81.8 – Minesweeper Group |
: TG 81.8 – Minesweeper Group |
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: Cmdr. A.H. Richards |
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::: 9 [[minesweeper]]s (1 sunk by submarine 25 September) |
::: 9 [[minesweeper]]s (1 sunk by submarine 25 September) |
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::: 12 motor minesweepers |
::: 12 motor minesweepers |
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: TG 81.9 – Salvage Group |
: TG 81.9 – Salvage Group |
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: Lt. V.C. Kyllberg |
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::: 2 [[tugboat|tugs]] |
::: 2 [[tugboat|tugs]] |
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: TG 80.2 – Picket Group |
: TG 80.2 – Picket Group |
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: Lt. Cmdr. S.M. Barnes |
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::: 16 [[PT boat|PT]]s |
::: 16 [[PT boat|PT]]s |
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: TG 80.3 – Diversion Group |
: TG 80.3 – Diversion Group |
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: Capt. C.L. Andrews |
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::: 1 destroyer: [[USS Knight|USS ''Knight'']] |
::: 1 destroyer: [[USS Knight|USS ''Knight'']] |
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::: 7 [[torpedo boat]]s: 7 British [[Motor Torpedo Boat|MTBs]], 1 American [[PT boat|PT]] |
::: 7 [[torpedo boat]]s: 7 British [[Motor Torpedo Boat|MTBs]], 1 American [[PT boat|PT]] |
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::: 4 subchasers (wooden hull) |
::: 4 subchasers (wooden hull) |
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::: 6 [[Motor Launch]]es |
::: 6 [[Motor launch (naval)|Motor Launch]]es |
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::: 10 air/sea rescue craft |
::: 10 air/sea rescue craft |
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Latest revision as of 12:06, 28 May 2024
Operation Avalanche was the codename for the combined US and British landings on the southwest coast of Italy on 9 September 1943 as part of the Allied effort in the Mediterranean Theater during World War II. The forces landed consisted of the US Fifth Army under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark. The Fifth Army was made up of the British X Corps, which landed south of the town of Salerno, and the US VI Corps, which landed at the town of Paestum.
The landings were carried out by combined forces of the US Navy and Royal Navy.
Naval losses: 2 destroyers, 1 minesweeper, 1 tug, 1 hospital ship
Order of battle
[edit]
_in_June_1943.jpg)
Western Naval Task Force (Task Force 80)
[edit]Vice Admiral H. Kent Hewitt, USN[1]
- Embarking
US Fifth Army (Lt. Gen. Mark W. Clark, USA)
- 1 amphibious force flagship: USS Ancon
- 2 anti-aircraft/fighter director ships: HMS Ulster Queen, HMS Palomares
- 1 submarine: HMS Shakespeare
Northern Landing Force (Task Force 85)
[edit]Commodore G.N. Oliver, RN
- Embarking
British X Corps (Lt. Gen. Richard McCreery, BA)
- Combat vessels
- 4 light cruisers: HMS Mauritius, HMS Uganda, HMS Orion, HMS Delhi
- 1 monitor: HMS Roberts
- 18 destroyers: 17 British, 1 Greek
- Amphibious assault vessels
- 2 amphibious force flagships: HMS Hilary, USS Biscayne
- 13 transports and LSIs
- 90 LSTs: 45 American, 45 British
- 84 LCTs: 24 American, 60 British (5 sunk)
- 96 LCI(L)s: 48 American, 48 British
- Auxiliaries
- 7 minesweepers
- 4 tugs (1 sunk by air attack 13 September)
- 23 subchasers/wooden hull
- 27 minecraft
- 32 motor launches
- 13 trawlers
- Combat vessels
Southern Landing Force (Task Force 81)
[edit]Rear Adm. John L. Hall, Jr., USN
- Embarking
US VI Corps (Maj. Gen. Ernest J. Dawley, USA)
- Fire Support Group (TG 81.5)
- Rear Admiral Lyal A. Davidson
- 4 light cruisers: USS Philadelphia, USS Savannah, USS Boise, USS Brooklyn
- 1 monitor: HMS Abercrombie
- 4 destroyers (1 sunk by submarine 12 October)
- Screen (TG 81.6)
- Capt. Charles Wellborn
- 12 destroyers (1 sunk by torpedo boat 10 September)
- Transport Group (TG 81.2)
- Capt. C.D. Edgar
- 19 transports: 14 American, 5 British
- 3 LSTs: all British
- 6 scout boats
- Landing Craft Group (TG 81.3)
- Capt. F.M. Adams
- Control Group (TG 81.7)
- Cmdr. R.D. Lowther, USNR
- 8 subchasers (steel hull), 4 LCSs
- TG 81.8 – Minesweeper Group
- Cmdr. A.H. Richards
- 9 minesweepers (1 sunk by submarine 25 September)
- 12 motor minesweepers
- TG 81.9 – Salvage Group
- Lt. V.C. Kyllberg
- 2 tugs
- TG 80.2 – Picket Group
- Lt. Cmdr. S.M. Barnes
- 16 PTs
- TG 80.3 – Diversion Group
- Capt. C.L. Andrews
- 1 destroyer: USS Knight
- 7 torpedo boats: 7 British MTBs, 1 American PT
- 4 subchasers (wooden hull)
- 6 Motor Launches
- 10 air/sea rescue craft
Support Carrier Force (Task Force 88)
[edit]
Rear Admiral Sir Philip L. Vian, RN
- 1 light carrier: HMS Unicorn
- 4 escort carriers: HMS Battler, HMS Attacker, HMS Hunter, HMS Stalker
- 3 light cruisers: HMS Euryalus, HMS Scylla, HMS Charybdis
- 9 destroyers: 7 British, 2 Polish
Covering forces
- 2 fleet carriers (Rear Admiral Clement Moody, RN)
- HMS Illustrious
- 28 Grumman Martlet fighters
- 10 Supermarine Seafire fighters
- 12 Fairey Barracuda torpedo bombers
- HMS Formidable
- 28 Grumman Martlet fighters
- 5 Supermarine Seafire fighters
- 12 Fairey Albacore torpedo bombers[a]
- HMS Illustrious
- Force "H" (Vice Admiral Sir Algernon Willis, RN)
- Screen
- 20 destroyers: 16 British, 1 Polish, 2 Dutch, 1 French
- Auxiliaries
- 3 hospital ships: HMHS Newfoundland (sunk by air attack 13 September), HMHS Leinster, HMHS Somersetshire
- 2 fleet carriers (Rear Admiral Clement Moody, RN)
Notes
[edit]- ^ Biplanes
References
[edit]- ^ Morison, pp. 391-394
Sources
[edit]- Morison, Samuel Eliot (1954). Sicily – Salerno – Anzio, January 1943–June 1944. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Vol. IX. Boston: Little, Brown and Co. ISBN 0-7858-1310-1.