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{{Short description|Italian ocean liner (1931–1950)}}
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{{Infobox Ship Image
{{Infobox Ship Image
|Ship image=Transatlantico Conte di Savoia.jpg
|Ship image=«Conte Di Savoia» durante le sue prove in mare.JPG
|Ship caption=
|Ship caption=
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Career
{{Infobox Ship Career
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Ship country=[[Italy]]
|Ship country=[[Kingdom of Italy]]
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy|civil}}
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Italy|civil}}
|Ship name=SS ''Conte di Savoia''
|Ship name=SS ''Conte di Savoia''
|Ship owner=[[Italian Line]]
|Ship owner=[[Italian Line]]
|Ship operator=
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=[[Image:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px|Flag of Italy]] [[Italy]]
|Ship registry=[[Image:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg|20px|Flag of Italy]] [[Kingdom of Italy]]
|Ship route=
|Ship route=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship ordered=
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|Ship power=Steam turbines
|Ship power=Steam turbines
|Ship propulsion=Quadruple propellers
|Ship propulsion=Quadruple propellers
|Ship speed={{convert|27|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship speed={{convert|27|kn|0}}
|Ship capacity=* '''2,200 total:'''
|Ship capacity=* '''2,200 total:'''
* 500 first class
* 500 first class
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|}
|}


'''SS ''Conte di Savoia''''' ("Count of Savoy") was an Italian [[ocean liner]] built in 1932 at the [[Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico]], [[Trieste]].<ref name="p108">Dawson, p. 108</ref>
'''SS ''Conte di Savoia''''' ("Count of Savoy") was an Italian [[ocean liner]] built in 1932 at the [[Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico]], [[Trieste]].<ref name="p108">[[#PD05|Dawson]], p. 108</ref>


''Conte di Savoia'' was originally ordered for the Lloyd Sabaudo line; however, after a merger with the Navigazione Generale Italiana, the ship was completed for the newly formed [[Italia Flotte Riunite]].<ref name="p108"/> The new Italia Line also controlled {{SS|Rex|3=2}}, a similar though slightly larger ship completed just two months before ''Conte di Savoia''. The ''Conte di Savoia'' was more modern in decoration and appearance than ''Rex'' and was the first major liner fitted with gyroscopic stabilisers.
''Conte di Savoia'' was originally ordered for the Lloyd Sabaudo line; however, after a merger with the Navigazione Generale Italiana, the ship was completed for the newly formed [[Italia Flotte Riunite]].<ref name="p108"/> The new Italia Line also controlled {{SS|Rex|3=2}}, a similar though slightly larger ship completed just two months before ''Conte di Savoia''. The ''Conte di Savoia'' was more modern in decoration and appearance than ''Rex'' and was the first major liner fitted with gyroscopic stabilisers.
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In November 1932, she made her maiden voyage to [[New York City|New York]].<ref name="p108"/> Unlike ''Rex'', she never made a record transatlantic crossing, reaching a best speed of {{convert|27.5|kn|mph}} in 1933.<ref name="p108"/>
In November 1932, she made her maiden voyage to [[New York City|New York]].<ref name="p108"/> Unlike ''Rex'', she never made a record transatlantic crossing, reaching a best speed of {{convert|27.5|kn|mph}} in 1933.<ref name="p108"/>


''Conte di Savoia'' had one unusual feature designed to increase passenger numbers. Three huge [[anti-rolling gyro]]scopes were fitted low down in a forward hold. These rotated at high revolutions and were designed to mitigate [[rolling]] - a persistent problem on the rough North Atlantic crossing that affected all shipping lines.<ref name="popmec31">[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-IDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA626&dq=popular+mechanics+1932&hl=en&ei=YAAXTZCfFYfQnAeg97XJDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAzgU#v=onepage&q&f=true "Italian Liner To Defy The Waves"] ''Popular Mechanics, April 1931</ref> In practice they reduced the rolling by slowing down the rolling period, however, they also caused the vessel to "hang" annoyingly when the vessel was on the extreme limit of her rolls. For safety reasons the system was quickly abandoned on eastbound crossings where the prevailing weather produced following seas, although it was still used on westbound crossings. This was because with a following sea (and the deep slow rolls this generated) the vessel tended to 'hang' with the system turned on, and the inertia it generated made it harder for the vessel to right herself from heavy rolls.<ref name="popmec31" /> None of this ever affected the operation of the shipping lines advertising department and the benefits of a "smooth crossing" were heavily promoted during the life of the ship.
''Conte di Savoia'' had one unusual feature designed to increase passenger numbers. Three huge [[anti-rolling gyro]]scopes were fitted low down in a forward hold. These rotated at high revolutions and were designed to mitigate [[rolling]] - a persistent problem on the rough North Atlantic crossing that affected all shipping lines.<ref name="popmec31">[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-IDAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+mechanics+1932&pg=PA626 "Italian Liner To Defy The Waves"] ''Popular Mechanics'', April 1931</ref> In practice they reduced the rolling by slowing down the rolling period, but they also caused the vessel to "hang" annoyingly when the vessel was on the extreme limit of her rolls. For safety reasons the system was quickly abandoned on eastbound crossings where the prevailing weather produced following seas, although it was still used on westbound crossings. This was because with a following sea (and the deep slow rolls this generated) the vessel tended to 'hang' with the system turned on, and the inertia it generated made it harder for the vessel to right herself from heavy rolls.<ref name="popmec31" /> None of this affected the operation of the shipping line's advertising department and the benefits of a "smooth crossing" were heavily promoted during the life of the ship.


In 1931, Italian architect, [[:it:Melchiorre Bega|Melchiorre Bega]] was selected to design the interior lay-out and furnishings of the Conte di Savoia.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Corradini |first1=Nicola |title=Melchiorre Bega - Architekt und Designer |url=https://deu.archinform.net/arch/17507.htm |website=ArchInform.net |publisher=archInform-Internationale Architektur-Datenbank |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref> Bega, who was well-known for his innovative designs of stores, cafés and hotels,<ref name="Savorra, Casabella Oct. 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Savorra |first1=Massimiliano |title=Il lusso borghese negli anni '30. I negozi di Melchiorre Bega (Bourgeois Luxury in the 1930s - The shops of Melchiorre Bega |journal=Casabella |date=October 2017 |volume=2017 |issue=878 |pages=26–34 |url=https://www.academia.edu/35169439 |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref> created a modernist interior.
In 1931, Italian architect, [[:it:Melchiorre Bega|Melchiorre Bega]] was selected to design the interior lay-out and furnishings of the Conte di Savoia.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Corradini |first1=Nicola |title=Melchiorre Bega - Architekt und Designer |url=https://deu.archinform.net/arch/17507.htm |website=ArchInform.net |publisher=archInform-Internationale Architektur-Datenbank |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref> Bega, who was well-known for his innovative designs of stores, cafés and hotels,<ref name="Savorra, Casabella Oct. 2017">{{cite journal |last1=Savorra |first1=Massimiliano |title=Il lusso borghese negli anni '30. I negozi di Melchiorre Bega (Bourgeois Luxury in the 1930s - The shops of Melchiorre Bega |journal=Casabella |date=October 2017 |volume=2017 |issue=878 |pages=26–34 |url=https://www.academia.edu/35169439 |accessdate=31 March 2019}}</ref> created a modernist interior.


[[File:Demolizione del «Conte Di Savoia».jpg|thumb|''Conte di Savoia'' being scrapped, 1950]]
[[File:Demolizione del «Conte Di Savoia».jpg|thumb|''Conte di Savoia'' being scrapped, 1950]]
''Conte di Savoia'' was pulled from commercial line service in 1940 for wartime service.<ref name="p245">Dawson, p. 245</ref> She was sunk in 1943, and despite being refloated and rebuilt in 1945 was scrapped in 1950.<ref name="p245"/>
''Conte di Savoia'' was requisitioned for war service in 1940,<ref name="p245">[[#PD05|Dawson]], p. 245</ref> and was sunk in 1943. The hulk was refloated in 1945 and later scrapped in 1950.<ref name="p245"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Italian Line - SS Conte Di Savoia |url=http://ssmaritime.com/SS-Conte-Di-Savoia.htm |access-date=2023-04-26 |website=ssmaritime.com}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
*{{cite book|last=Dawson|first=Philip|title=The Liner|year=2005|publisher=WW Norton & Company|location=New York, NY|isbn=0-393-06166-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/linerretrospecti0000daws}}
*{{cite book|ref = PD05 | last=Dawson|first=Philip|title=The Liner|year=2005|publisher=WW Norton & Company|location=New York, NY|isbn=0-393-06166-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/linerretrospecti0000daws}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.20thcenturyliners.com/il_contds.htm Page at 20th Century Liners website]
*[http://www.20thcenturyliners.com/il_contds.htm Page at 20th Century Liners website]
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-IDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA626 1931 Popular Mechanics article detailing gyro system.]
*[http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20history.html History]
*[http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20statistics.html Statistics]
*[http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20history.html History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928151403/http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20history.html |date=2011-09-28 }}
*[http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20statistics.html Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814135807/http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Conte%20di%20Savoia%20statistics.html |date=2016-08-14 }}
*{{citation |chapter-url=http://www.shippingwondersoftheworld.com/rex.html |chapter=The ''Rex'' and the ''Conte di Savoia'' |title=Shipping Wonders of the World |year=1937 |pages=1341–1345 |editor-first=Clarence |editor-last=Winchester }}, illustrated description of the ''Rex'' and the ''Conte di Savoia''
*{{citation |chapter-url=http://www.shippingwondersoftheworld.com/rex.html |chapter=The ''Rex'' and the ''Conte di Savoia'' |title=Shipping Wonders of the World |year=1937 |pages=1341–1345 |editor-first=Clarence |editor-last=Winchester }}, illustrated description of the ''Rex'' and the ''Conte di Savoia''


Latest revision as of 10:50, 30 May 2024

History
Kingdom of Italy
NameSS Conte di Savoia
OwnerItalian Line
Port of registryFlag of Italy Kingdom of Italy
BuilderCantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico of Trieste, Italy
Launched28 October 1931
ChristenedMarie José of Belgium
Maiden voyage30 November 1932
FateScrapped in 1950
General characteristics
TypeOcean liner
Tonnage48,502 gross register tons
Length248.25 m (814.5 feet)
Beam29.28 m (96 feet)
Height35 m (114.8 feet)
Draught9.5 m (31.2 feet)
Installed powerSteam turbines
PropulsionQuadruple propellers
Speed27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph)
Capacity
  • 2,200 total:
  • 500 first class
  • 366 second class
  • 412 tourist class
  • 922 third class
Crew786 total

SS Conte di Savoia ("Count of Savoy") was an Italian ocean liner built in 1932 at the Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico, Trieste.[1]

Conte di Savoia was originally ordered for the Lloyd Sabaudo line; however, after a merger with the Navigazione Generale Italiana, the ship was completed for the newly formed Italia Flotte Riunite.[1] The new Italia Line also controlled Rex, a similar though slightly larger ship completed just two months before Conte di Savoia. The Conte di Savoia was more modern in decoration and appearance than Rex and was the first major liner fitted with gyroscopic stabilisers.

History

[edit]

In November 1932, she made her maiden voyage to New York.[1] Unlike Rex, she never made a record transatlantic crossing, reaching a best speed of 27.5 knots (31.6 mph) in 1933.[1]

Conte di Savoia had one unusual feature designed to increase passenger numbers. Three huge anti-rolling gyroscopes were fitted low down in a forward hold. These rotated at high revolutions and were designed to mitigate rolling - a persistent problem on the rough North Atlantic crossing that affected all shipping lines.[2] In practice they reduced the rolling by slowing down the rolling period, but they also caused the vessel to "hang" annoyingly when the vessel was on the extreme limit of her rolls. For safety reasons the system was quickly abandoned on eastbound crossings where the prevailing weather produced following seas, although it was still used on westbound crossings. This was because with a following sea (and the deep slow rolls this generated) the vessel tended to 'hang' with the system turned on, and the inertia it generated made it harder for the vessel to right herself from heavy rolls.[2] None of this affected the operation of the shipping line's advertising department and the benefits of a "smooth crossing" were heavily promoted during the life of the ship.

In 1931, Italian architect, Melchiorre Bega was selected to design the interior lay-out and furnishings of the Conte di Savoia.[3] Bega, who was well-known for his innovative designs of stores, cafés and hotels,[4] created a modernist interior.

Conte di Savoia being scrapped, 1950

Conte di Savoia was requisitioned for war service in 1940,[5] and was sunk in 1943. The hulk was refloated in 1945 and later scrapped in 1950.[5][6]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Dawson, p. 108
  2. ^ a b "Italian Liner To Defy The Waves" Popular Mechanics, April 1931
  3. ^ Corradini, Nicola. "Melchiorre Bega - Architekt und Designer". ArchInform.net. archInform-Internationale Architektur-Datenbank. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
  4. ^ Savorra, Massimiliano (October 2017). "Il lusso borghese negli anni '30. I negozi di Melchiorre Bega (Bourgeois Luxury in the 1930s - The shops of Melchiorre Bega". Casabella. 2017 (878): 26–34. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
  5. ^ a b Dawson, p. 245
  6. ^ "Italian Line - SS Conte Di Savoia". ssmaritime.com. Retrieved 2023-04-26.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
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