Antipathy: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Dislike of something or somebody}} |
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'''Antipathy''' is dislike for something or somebody, the opposite of [[sympathy]]. While antipathy may be induced by previous experience, it sometimes exists without a rational cause-and-effect explanation being present to the individuals involved. |
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{{distinguish|Apathy}} |
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'''Antipathy''' is a dislike for something or somebody, the opposite of [[sympathy]]. While antipathy may be induced by experience, it sometimes exists without a rational cause-and-effect explanation being present to the individuals involved.<ref name=fleming>{{cite web|author1=William Fleming (1890)|title=Vocabulary of Philosophy: Moral, Ethical, Metaphysical|url=http://www.e-torredebabel.com/vocabularyofphilosophy/antipathy-philosophyvocabulary.htm|website=TORRE DE BABEL EDICIONES Philosophy, Psychology and Humanities Web Site|accessdate=3 January 2015|archive-date=26 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126211359/http://www.e-torredebabel.com/vocabularyofphilosophy/antipathy-philosophyvocabulary.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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Thus, the origin of antipathy has been subject to various [[psychology|psychological]] explanations, which some people find convincing and others regard as highly speculative. [[ |
Thus, the origin of antipathy has been subject to various [[philosophy|philosophical]] and [[psychology|psychological]] explanations, which some people find convincing and others regard as highly speculative. The exploration of a philosophical aspect for antipathy has been found in an essay by [[John Locke]], an early modern 17th century philosopher.<ref name=fleming /> |
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==Interpersonal |
==Interpersonal antipathy== |
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Interpersonal antipathy is often irrationally ascribed to mannerisms or certain physical characteristics, which are perceived as signs for character traits (e.g. close |
Interpersonal antipathy is often irrationally ascribed to mannerisms or certain physical characteristics, which are perceived as signs for character traits (e.g., close, deep set eyes as a sign for dullness or cruelty<ref name="Alexander1946a">Alexander, Chester. (1946a). Antipathy and Phobia. ''Sociometry, 9'' (2/3), 226-232.</ref>). Further, the negative feeling sometimes takes place rapidly and without reasoning, functioning below the level of attention, thus resembling an automatic process.<ref name="Alexander1946b">Alexander, Chester. (1946b). Antipathy and Social Behavior. ''The American Journal of Sociology, 51'' (4), 288-292.</ref> |
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Chester Alexander’s empirical findings suggest that an important characteristic of antipathies is that they are |
Chester Alexander’s empirical findings suggest that an important characteristic of antipathies is that they are "marginal to reflective consciousness". Alexander based this conclusion on the fact that many of the subjects of the study reported to have never thought much about their antipathies, have not tried to analyze them or discuss them with others.<ref name="Alexander1946b"/> |
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Sympathy and antipathy modify social behavior. Although it is generally assumed that antipathy causes avoidance, some empirical studies gathered evidence that an antipathetic reaction to objects was not followed by any effort to avoid future encounters<ref name="Alexander1946a"/> |
Sympathy and antipathy modify social behavior. Although it is generally assumed that antipathy causes avoidance, some empirical studies gathered evidence that an antipathetic reaction to objects was not followed by any effort to avoid future encounters.<ref name="Alexander1946a"/> |
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===Personality psychology=== |
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In personality psychology, antipathy may be related to low [[agreeableness]]. |
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===Pseudo-antipathy=== |
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| ⚫ | [[Sophie Bryant]] observed the occurrence of pseudo-antipathy |
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| ⚫ | [[Sophie Bryant]] observed the occurrence of pseudo-antipathy which consists in "the careless and arbitrary interpretation of another person's acts and expressions in accordance with the worst side of one's self".<ref name="Bryant1895">Bryant, Sophie. (1895). Antipathy and Sympathy. ''Mind, 4'' (15), pp. 365-370.</ref> In other words, people tend to project their own faults onto others and dislike or hate them. Pseudo-antipathy is based on the (implicit) knowledge about the negative sides of a person's own character. Bryant compares the resulting feeling with "a certain wrong-headed sense of cleansing".<ref name="Bryant1895"/> |
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===In Astrology=== |
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<!--anyone care to make this its own article?--> |
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In [[astrology]], antipathy is speculated to be the conflict in the natal [[horoscopes]] of two people who feel an aversion to each other. This relates to the concept of [[synastry]], which means that according to astrologists beliefs, two person's horoscopes can be compared to see how compatible or incompatible they are likely to be towards each other. |
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Astrologic belief claims the following: The karmic implications of antipathy can explain why people fall in [[love]], marry, fall out of love, and then [[divorce]]. Because they have agreed to meet up in this life to resolve a karmic or dharmic issue, they must initially be attracted to one another, so there will inevitably be correlations in the horoscope that will cause them to be attracted to one another. For those individuals who fall in love and want to marry, there must be strong stabilising influences in the comparison of the chart to indicate they would like to have a stable [[Interpersonal relationship|relationship]] with some permanence in it. As the relationship progresses, other facets of their personality will manifest though aspects, and it is these aspects will determine the success or failure of the relationship. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:Technical factors of astrology]] |
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[[hr:Netrpeljivost]] |
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[[it:Antipatia]] |
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[[pt:Antipatia]] |
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[[ru:Антипатия]] |
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[[sr:Антипатија]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:22, 7 June 2024
Antipathy is a dislike for something or somebody, the opposite of sympathy. While antipathy may be induced by experience, it sometimes exists without a rational cause-and-effect explanation being present to the individuals involved.[1]
Thus, the origin of antipathy has been subject to various philosophical and psychological explanations, which some people find convincing and others regard as highly speculative. The exploration of a philosophical aspect for antipathy has been found in an essay by John Locke, an early modern 17th century philosopher.[1]
Interpersonal antipathy
[edit]Interpersonal antipathy is often irrationally ascribed to mannerisms or certain physical characteristics, which are perceived as signs for character traits (e.g., close, deep set eyes as a sign for dullness or cruelty[2]). Further, the negative feeling sometimes takes place rapidly and without reasoning, functioning below the level of attention, thus resembling an automatic process.[3]
Chester Alexander’s empirical findings suggest that an important characteristic of antipathies is that they are "marginal to reflective consciousness". Alexander based this conclusion on the fact that many of the subjects of the study reported to have never thought much about their antipathies, have not tried to analyze them or discuss them with others.[3]
Sympathy and antipathy modify social behavior. Although it is generally assumed that antipathy causes avoidance, some empirical studies gathered evidence that an antipathetic reaction to objects was not followed by any effort to avoid future encounters.[2]
Personality psychology
[edit]In personality psychology, antipathy may be related to low agreeableness.
Pseudo-antipathy
[edit]Sophie Bryant observed the occurrence of pseudo-antipathy which consists in "the careless and arbitrary interpretation of another person's acts and expressions in accordance with the worst side of one's self".[4] In other words, people tend to project their own faults onto others and dislike or hate them. Pseudo-antipathy is based on the (implicit) knowledge about the negative sides of a person's own character. Bryant compares the resulting feeling with "a certain wrong-headed sense of cleansing".[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b William Fleming (1890). "Vocabulary of Philosophy: Moral, Ethical, Metaphysical". TORRE DE BABEL EDICIONES Philosophy, Psychology and Humanities Web Site. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Alexander, Chester. (1946a). Antipathy and Phobia. Sociometry, 9 (2/3), 226-232.
- ^ a b Alexander, Chester. (1946b). Antipathy and Social Behavior. The American Journal of Sociology, 51 (4), 288-292.
- ^ a b Bryant, Sophie. (1895). Antipathy and Sympathy. Mind, 4 (15), pp. 365-370.
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