ATP test: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Microbiology measurement process}} |
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{{nofootnotes|date=May 2017}} |
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[[Category:Water pollution]] |
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{{refimprove|date=October 2009}} |
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The '''ATP test''' is a process of rapidly measuring actively growing microorganisms through detection of [[adenosine triphosphate]], or ATP. |
The '''ATP test''' is a process of rapidly measuring actively growing microorganisms through detection of [[adenosine triphosphate]], or ATP. |
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==Method== |
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==ATP testing method== |
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ATP is a [[molecule]] found in and around living [[cell (biology)|cells]], and as such it gives a direct measure of biological concentration and health. ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally |
ATP is a [[molecule]] found in and around living [[cell (biology)|cells]], and as such it gives a direct measure of biological concentration and health. ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally occurring [[firefly]] enzyme [[luciferase]] using a [[photometer|luminometer]]. The amount of light produced is directly proportional to the amount of ATP present in the sample. |
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'''ATP tests can be used to:''' |
'''ATP tests can be used to:''' |
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* Guide [[biocide]] dosing programs |
* Guide [[biocide]] dosing programs |
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* Determine drinking water cleanliness |
* Determine drinking water cleanliness |
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* Manage [[fermentation]] processes |
* Manage [[Fermentation (biochemistry)|fermentation]] processes |
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* Assess soil activity |
* Assess soil activity |
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* Determine corrosion / deposit process type |
* Determine corrosion / deposit process type |
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* Measure equipment or product sanitation |
* Measure equipment or product sanitation |
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==1st |
==1st-generation testing ''vs''. 2nd-generation testing== |
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1st |
1st-generation ATP tests are derived from [[hygiene]] monitoring uses where samples are relatively free of interferences. 2nd-generation tests are specifically designed for water, [[wastewater]] and industrial applications where, for the most part, samples contain a variety of components that can interfere with the ATP assay. |
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==How ATP is measured== |
==How ATP is measured== |
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ATP is a molecule found only in and around living cells, and as such it gives a direct measure of biological concentration and health. ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally-occurring firefly enzyme luciferase using a luminometer. The amount of light produced is directly proportional to the amount of biological energy present in the sample. |
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Within a water sample containing microorganisms, there are two types of ATP: |
Within a water sample containing microorganisms, there are two types of ATP: |
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* [[Extracellular]] ATP – ATP located outside of biological cells that has been released from dead or stressed organisms. |
* [[Extracellular]] ATP – ATP located outside of biological cells that has been released from dead or stressed organisms. |
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Accurate measurement of these two types of ATP is critical to utilizing ATP-based measurements. Being able to accurately measure these different types of ATP offers the ability to assess biological health and activity, and subsequently control water and [[wastewater]] processes. |
Accurate measurement of these two types of ATP is critical to utilizing ATP-based measurements. Being able to accurately measure these different types of ATP offers the ability to assess biological health and activity, and subsequently control water and [[wastewater]] processes. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Adenosine triphosphate]] |
* [[Adenosine triphosphate]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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https://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article/81/5/729/175086/Development-of-a-Novel-Hygiene-Monitoring-System |
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https://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article/85/7/1079/481183/A-Comprehensive-Analysis-of-ATP-Tests-Practical |
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* [http://www.luminultra.com/technology/atp-explained/what-can-atp-testing-do-for-me.html LuminUltra Technologies Ltd.- 2nd Generation ATP Testing] |
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==External links== |
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* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846007 Efficacy and Limitations of an ATP-Based Monitoring System] |
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{{Reflist}} |
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Latest revision as of 03:47, 9 June 2024
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (May 2017) |
The ATP test is a process of rapidly measuring actively growing microorganisms through detection of adenosine triphosphate, or ATP.
Method
[edit]ATP is a molecule found in and around living cells, and as such it gives a direct measure of biological concentration and health. ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally occurring firefly enzyme luciferase using a luminometer. The amount of light produced is directly proportional to the amount of ATP present in the sample.
ATP tests can be used to:
- Control biological treatment reactors
- Guide biocide dosing programs
- Determine drinking water cleanliness
- Manage fermentation processes
- Assess soil activity
- Determine corrosion / deposit process type
- Measure equipment or product sanitation
1st-generation testing vs. 2nd-generation testing
[edit]1st-generation ATP tests are derived from hygiene monitoring uses where samples are relatively free of interferences. 2nd-generation tests are specifically designed for water, wastewater and industrial applications where, for the most part, samples contain a variety of components that can interfere with the ATP assay.
How ATP is measured
[edit]ATP is a molecule found only in and around living cells, and as such it gives a direct measure of biological concentration and health. ATP is quantified by measuring the light produced through its reaction with the naturally-occurring firefly enzyme luciferase using a luminometer. The amount of light produced is directly proportional to the amount of biological energy present in the sample.
Within a water sample containing microorganisms, there are two types of ATP:
- Intracellular ATP – ATP contained within living biological cells.
- Extracellular ATP – ATP located outside of biological cells that has been released from dead or stressed organisms.
Accurate measurement of these two types of ATP is critical to utilizing ATP-based measurements. Being able to accurately measure these different types of ATP offers the ability to assess biological health and activity, and subsequently control water and wastewater processes.