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{{Short description|Family of crayfishes}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Astacidae
| name = Astacidae
| oldest_fossil = Barremian
| image = Crayfisch Astacus astacus.jpg
| image = Crayfisch Astacus astacus.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Astacus astacus]]''
| image_width = 240px
| display_parents = 2
| image_caption = ''Astacus astacus''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| taxon = Astacidae
| authority = [[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1802
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| subphylum = [[Crustacean|Crustacea]]
| classis = [[Malacostraca]]
| ordo = [[Decapoda]]
| infraordo = [[Astacidea]]
| superfamilia = [[Astacoidea]]
| familia = '''Astacidae'''
| familia_authority = [[Pierre André Latreille|Latreille]], 1802–1803
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision =
| subdivision = *''[[Astacus]]''
*''[[Astacus]]''
*''[[Austropotamobius]]''
*''[[Austropotamobius]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Emplastron]]''
*''[[Pacifastacus]]''
*''[[Pacifastacus]]''
*''[[Pontastacus]]''
}}
}}


The [[Family (biology)|family]] '''Astacidae''' comprises the [[freshwater]] [[crayfish]] native to [[Europe]] and western [[North America]]. It is made up of three [[genus|genera]]. ''[[Pacifastacus]]'' is found on the [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific coast]] of the [[United States]] and [[British Columbia]] and includes the [[signal crayfish]] and the [[Shasta crayfish]]. The genera ''[[Astacus]]'' and ''[[Austropotamobius]]'' are both found throughout Europe and parts of western [[Asia]].
'''Astacidae''' is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[freshwater]] [[crayfish]] native to Europe, western Asia and western North America. The family is made up of four [[extant taxon|extant]] (living) [[genera]]: The genera ''[[Astacus]]'' (which includes the [[European crayfish]]), ''[[Pontastacus]]'' (which includes the [[Turkish crayfish]]), and ''[[Austropotamobius]]'' are all found throughout Europe and parts of western Asia, while ''[[Pacifastacus]]'' (which includes the [[signal crayfish]]) is native to western United States and [[British Columbia]], but has also been [[Introduced species|introduced]] elsewhere.


==Classification and phylogeny==
==Species==
Astacidae belongs to the [[superfamily (biology)|superfamily]] [[Astacoidea]], which contains all [[crayfish]] in the [[Northern Hemisphere]]. Astacoidea is the [[sister taxon]] to [[Parastacoidea]], which contains all crayfish of the [[Southern Hemisphere]]. Crayfish and [[lobster]]s together comprise the [[infraorder]] [[Astacidea]], as shown in the simplified [[cladogram]] below:<ref name="Wolfe2019">{{cite journal |last1=Wolfe |first1=Joanna M. |last2=Breinholt |first2=Jesse W. |last3=Crandall |first3=Keith A. |last4=Lemmon |first4=Alan R. |last5=Lemmon |first5=Emily Moriarty |last6=Timm |first6=Laura E. |last7=Siddall |first7=Mark E. |last8=Bracken-Grissom |first8=Heather D. |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.0079 |title=A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B | date=24 April 2019 |volume=286 |issue=1901 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2019.0079 |pmc=6501934 |pmid=31014217 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Crandall2017">{{Cite journal |last1=Crandall |first1=Keith A. |last2=De Grave |first2=Sammy |date=2017 |title=An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list |journal=[[Journal of Crustacean Biology]] |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=615–653 |doi=10.1093/jcbiol/rux070 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Bracken2014">{{cite journal| author1=Heather D. Bracken-Grissom |author2=Shane T. Ahyong |author3=Richard D. Wilkinson |author4=Rodney M. Feldmann |author5=Carrie E. Schweitzer |author6=Jesse W. Breinholt |author7=Matthew Bendall |author8=Ferran Palero |author9=Tin-Yam Chan |author10=Darryl L. Felder |author11=Rafael Robles |author12=Ka-Hou Chu |author13=Ling-Ming Tsang |author14=Dohyup Kim |author15=Joel W. Martin |author16=Keith A. Crandall |title=The Emergence of Lobsters: Phylogenetic Relationships, Morphological Evolution and Divergence Time Comparisons of an Ancient Group (Decapoda: Achelata, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Polychelida) |journal=[[Systematic Biology]] |date=July 2014 |volume=63 |issue=4 |pages=457–479 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syu008 |doi-access=free |pmid=24562813 }}</ref>
The family Astacidae contains 12 species in three genera&nbsp;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iz.carnegiemnh.org/crayfish/NewAstacidea/family.asp?f=Astacidae |title=Family Astacidae Latreille, 1802-1803 |work=Crayfish Taxon Browser |author=James W. Fetzner, Jr. |publisher=[[Carnegie Museum of Natural History]] |date=2005-05-09}}</ref>:
{{clade
|label1=[[Astacidea]]
|1={{clade
|label1=clawed lobsters
|1={{clade
|label1=[[Enoplometopoidea]]
|1=[[Enoplometopidae]]
|label2=[[Nephropoidea]]
|2=[[Nephropidae]] }}
|label2=[[crayfish]]
|2={{clade
|label1=[[Parastacoidea]]
|1=[[Parastacidae]]
|label2=[[Astacoidea]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Cambaroididae]]
|2={{clade
|1='''Astacidae'''
|2=[[Cambaridae]] }} }} }} }} }}


The internal [[phylogeny]] of Astacidae can be further shown in the cladogram below:<ref name="Crandall2017"/>
*''[[Astacus]]''
{{clade
**''[[Astacus astacus]]'' — noble crayfish
|label1='''Astacidae'''
**''[[Astacus leptodactylus]]'' — Danube crayfish
|1={{clade
**''[[Astacus pachypus]]''
|1=''[[Pacifastacus]]''
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Astacus]]''
|2=''[[Pontastacus]]'' }}
|2=''[[Austropotamobius]]'' }} }} }}


==Species==
*''[[Austropotamobius]]''
The family Astacidae contains the following [[genera]] and [[species]]:<ref name="Crandall2017"/>
**''[[Austropotamobius italicus]]''
**''[[Austropotamobius pallipes]]'' — white-clawed crayfish
**''[[Austropotamobius torrentium]]'' — stone crayfish


*{{extinct}}''[[Austropotamobius llopisi|"Austropotamobius" llopisi]]'' <small>(Via, 1971)</small> - [[Las Hoyas]], [[Spain]] [[Early Cretaceous]] ([[Barremian]])
*''[[Pacifastacus]]''
*''[[Astacus]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1775</small>
**''[[Pacifastacus chenoderma]]''
**''[[Astacus astacus]]'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1775)</small> - Europe - "European crayfish"
**''[[Pacifastacus connectens]]''
**''[[Astacus balcanicus]]'' <small>(Karaman, 1929)</small> - [[North Macedonia]] and [[Greece]]
**''[[Shasta crayfish|Pacifastacus fortis]]'' — Shasta crayfish
**''[[Astacus colchicus]]'' <small>Kessler, 1876</small> - [[Georgia (country)]]
**''[[Pacifastacus gambelii]]''
**?{{extinct}}''[[Astacus edwardsii]]'' <small>Van Straelen, 1928</small> - [[France]] - proposed to new genus ''[[Emplastron]]'' in 2021 study<ref name="OFlynn2021" />
**''[[Signal crayfish|Pacifastacus leniusculus]]'' — signal crayfish
**{{extinct}}''[[Astacus laevissimus]]'' <small>Fritsch & Kafka, 1887</small> - [[Czech Republic]]
**''[[Pacifastacus nigrescens]]''
**{{extinct}}''[[Astacus multicavatus]]'' <small>Bell, 1863</small> - [[United Kingdom]]
*''[[Austropotamobius]]'' <small>Skorikov, 1907</small>
**''[[Austropotamobius bihariensis]]'' <small>(Pârvulescu, 2019)</small> - Romania - "idle crayfish"
**''[[Austropotamobius fulcisianus]]'' <small>(Ninni, 1886)</small> - southern Europe ([[Italy]], [[Croatia]], [[Switzerland]], [[Austria]])
**''[[Austropotamobius pallipes]]'' <small>(Lereboullet, 1858)</small> - France - "white-clawed crayfish"
**''[[Austropotamobius torrentium]]'' <small>(von Paula Schrank, 1803)</small> - Germany, Croatia, North Macedonia - "stone crayfish"
*{{Extinct}}''[[Emplastron]]'' <small>O'Flynn, Audo & Kawai, 2021</small><ref name="OFlynn2021">{{Cite journal|last=O'Flynn|first=Robert J.|last2=Audo|first2=Denis|last3=Kawai|first3=Tadashi|date=2021-10-01|title=Systematic Revision and Palaeobiology of Emplastron edwardsi (Van Straelen, 1928) gen. et comb. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae) Entombed within Travertine, from Sézanne, France|url=https://bioone.org/journals/paleontological-research/volume-25/issue-4/2021PR007/Systematic-Revision-and-Palaeobiology-of-Emplastron-edwardsi-Van-Straelen-1928/10.2517/2021PR007.full|journal=Paleontological Research|volume=25|issue=4|doi=10.2517/2021PR007|issn=1342-8144}}</ref>
**{{Extinct}}''[[Emplastron edwardsi]]'' <small>(Van Straelen, 1928)</small> - [[Sézanne]], France - [[Paleocene]] ([[Thanetian]])
*''[[Pacifastacus]]'' <small>Bott, 1950</small>
**{{extinct}}''[[Pacifastacus chenoderma]]'' <small>(Cope, 1871)</small> - [[Idaho]], USA
**''[[Pacifastacus connectens]]'' <small>(Faxon, 1914)</small> - Idaho, USA
**''[[Pacifastacus fortis]]'' <small>(Faxon, 1914)</small> - [[California]], USA - "Shasta crayfish"
**''[[Pacifastacus gambelii]]'' <small>(Girard, 1852)</small> - California, USA
**''[[Pacifastacus leniusculus]]'' <small>(Dana, 1852)</small> - [[Columbia River]], west coast of North America - "signal crayfish"
**{{extinct}}''[[Pacifastacus nigrescens]]'' <small>(Stimpson, 1857)</small> - around [[San Francisco]], California, USA - "sooty crayfish" (recently extinct)
*''[[Pontastacus]]'' <small>Bott, 1950</small>
**''[[Pontastacus cubanicus]]'' <small>(Birstein & Vinogradov, 1934)</small> - [[Black Sea]], [[Russia]]
**''[[Pontastacus danubialis]]'' <small>Brodsky, 1981</small> - [[Danube Delta]] lakes, [[Ukraine]]
**''[[Pontastacus daucinus]]'' <small>Brodsky, 1981</small> - [[Danube Delta]] lakes, [[Ukraine]] and [[Moldova]]
**''[[Pontastacus eichwaldi]]'' <small>(Bott, 1950)</small> - [[Caspian Sea]]
**''[[Pontastacus kessleri]]'' <small>(Schimkewitsch, 1886)</small> - [[Turkestan]]
**''[[Pontastacus leptodactylus]]'' <small>(Eschscholtz, 1823)</small> - around the [[Black Sea]], in [[Crimea]], [[Russia]], and [[Turkey]] - "Turkish crayfish"
**''[[Pontastacus pachypus]]'' <small>(Rathke, 1837)</small> - [[Caspian Sea]], [[Black Sea]], [[Sea of Azov]] - "Caspian crayfish"
**''[[Pontastacus pylzowi]]'' <small>(Skorikov, 1907)</small> - eastern part of [[Transcaucasia]]
**''[[Pontastacus salinus]]'' <small>(von Nordmann, 1842)</small> - [[Black Sea]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q943248}}
{{commons category|Astacidae}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Astacidae| ]]
[[Category:Crayfish]]
[[Category:Crayfish]]
[[Category:Astacidae| ]]
[[Category:Decapod families]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille]]


{{decapod-stub}}

[[ca:Astàcid]]
[[et:Jõevähklased]]
[[es:Astacidae]]
[[fr:Astacidae]]
[[it:Astacidae]]
[[lt:Upiniai vėžiai]]
[[pl:Rakowate]]
[[ru:Astacidae]]

Latest revision as of 15:43, 10 June 2024

Astacidae
Temporal range: Barremian–Recent
Astacus astacus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Suborder: Pleocyemata
Infraorder: Astacidea
Superfamily: Astacoidea
Family: Astacidae
Latreille, 1802
Genera

Astacidae is a family of freshwater crayfish native to Europe, western Asia and western North America. The family is made up of four extant (living) genera: The genera Astacus (which includes the European crayfish), Pontastacus (which includes the Turkish crayfish), and Austropotamobius are all found throughout Europe and parts of western Asia, while Pacifastacus (which includes the signal crayfish) is native to western United States and British Columbia, but has also been introduced elsewhere.

Classification and phylogeny

[edit]

Astacidae belongs to the superfamily Astacoidea, which contains all crayfish in the Northern Hemisphere. Astacoidea is the sister taxon to Parastacoidea, which contains all crayfish of the Southern Hemisphere. Crayfish and lobsters together comprise the infraorder Astacidea, as shown in the simplified cladogram below:[1][2][3]

Astacidea

The internal phylogeny of Astacidae can be further shown in the cladogram below:[2]

Astacidae

Species

[edit]

The family Astacidae contains the following genera and species:[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Wolfe, Joanna M.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Crandall, Keith A.; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Timm, Laura E.; Siddall, Mark E.; Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0079. PMC 6501934. PMID 31014217.
  2. ^ a b c Crandall, Keith A.; De Grave, Sammy (2017). "An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes (Decapoda: Astacidea) of the world, with a complete species list". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 37 (5): 615–653. doi:10.1093/jcbiol/rux070.
  3. ^ Heather D. Bracken-Grissom; Shane T. Ahyong; Richard D. Wilkinson; Rodney M. Feldmann; Carrie E. Schweitzer; Jesse W. Breinholt; Matthew Bendall; Ferran Palero; Tin-Yam Chan; Darryl L. Felder; Rafael Robles; Ka-Hou Chu; Ling-Ming Tsang; Dohyup Kim; Joel W. Martin; Keith A. Crandall (July 2014). "The Emergence of Lobsters: Phylogenetic Relationships, Morphological Evolution and Divergence Time Comparisons of an Ancient Group (Decapoda: Achelata, Astacidea, Glypheidea, Polychelida)". Systematic Biology. 63 (4): 457–479. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syu008. PMID 24562813.
  4. ^ a b O'Flynn, Robert J.; Audo, Denis; Kawai, Tadashi (2021-10-01). "Systematic Revision and Palaeobiology of Emplastron edwardsi (Van Straelen, 1928) gen. et comb. nov. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidae) Entombed within Travertine, from Sézanne, France". Paleontological Research. 25 (4). doi:10.2517/2021PR007. ISSN 1342-8144.
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